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Organizing versioned docs.
2020-06-11 23:29:05 +03:00
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<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Accounts</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#dump-all-json-wallet-balances-in-current-directory">Dump All JSON Wallet Balances (in current directory)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#sweep-an-account-into-another">Sweep an Account into Another</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#coalesce-jaxx-wallets">Coalesce Jaxx Wallets</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#access-funds-in-a-mnemonic-phrase-wallet">Access Funds in a Mnemonic Phrase Wallet</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#random-mnemonic">Random Mnemonic</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#get-transaction-history">Get Transaction History</a></li>
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<div class="section" id="accounts">
<h1>Accounts<a class="headerlink" href="#accounts" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>Some quick examples of using Accounts.</p>
<hr class="docutils" />
<div class="section" id="dump-all-json-wallet-balances-in-current-directory">
<h2>Dump All JSON Wallet Balances (in current directory)<a class="headerlink" href="#dump-all-json-wallet-balances-in-current-directory" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<div class="literal-block-wrapper docutils container" id="id1">
<div class="code-block-caption"><span class="caption-text"><em>Load JSON Wallet Balances</em></span><a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this code"></a></div>
<div class="highlight-javascript notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">fs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;fs&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">path</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;path&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;ethers&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">provider</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getDefaultProvider</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="c1">// Geth</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">dirname</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">process</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">env</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">HOME</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;.ethereum&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;keystore&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Parity (use the name of your chain for chainDirectory, such as &quot;homestead&quot;)</span>
<span class="c1">//var dirname = path.join(process.env.HOME, &#39;.parity&#39;, &#39;keys&#39;, chainDirectory, &#39;keys&#39;);</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">filenames</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">fs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">readdirSync</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dirname</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">filenames</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">forEach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">async</span> <span class="kd">function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">filename</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// Get the Wallet JSON</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">await</span> <span class="nx">fs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">readFile</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dirname</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nx">filename</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="c1">// Get the Wallet address</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">address</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">utils</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getJsonWalletAddress</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">toString</span><span class="p">());</span>
<span class="c1">// Look up the balance</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">balance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">await</span> <span class="nx">provider</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getBalance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">address</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">address</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s1">&#39;:&#39;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">utils</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">formatEther</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">balance</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="p">});</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="docutils" />
<div class="section" id="sweep-an-account-into-another">
<h2>Sweep an Account into Another<a class="headerlink" href="#sweep-an-account-into-another" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>This will sweep <strong>all</strong> the funds from one account’s <em>privateKey</em> and
place it in another account, <em>newAddress</em>.</p>
<div class="literal-block-wrapper docutils container" id="id2">
<div class="code-block-caption"><span class="caption-text"><em>Sweep an Account</em></span><a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="Permalink to this code"></a></div>
<div class="highlight-javascript notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;ethers&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">async</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">sweep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">privateKey</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">newAddress</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">provider</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getDefaultProvider</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">wallet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Wallet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">privateKey</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">provider</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Make sure we are sweeping to an EOA, not a contract. The gas required</span>
<span class="c1">// to send to a contract cannot be certain, so we may leave dust behind</span>
<span class="c1">// or not set a high enough gas limit, in which case the transaction will</span>
<span class="c1">// fail.</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">code</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">await</span> <span class="nx">provider</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getCode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">newAddress</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">code</span> <span class="o">!==</span> <span class="s1">&#39;0x&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">throw</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nb">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Cannot sweep to a contract&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="p">}</span>
<span class="c1">// Get the current balance</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">balance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">await</span> <span class="nx">wallet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getBalance</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="c1">// Normally we would let the Wallet populate this for us, but we</span>
<span class="c1">// need to compute EXACTLY how much value to send</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">gasPrice</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">await</span> <span class="nx">provider</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getGasPrice</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="c1">// The exact cost (in gas) to send to an Externally Owned Account (EOA)</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">gasLimit</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">21000</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// The balance less exactly the txfee in wei</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">balance</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sub</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">gasPrice</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">mul</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">gasLimit</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">tx</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">await</span> <span class="nx">wallet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sendTransaction</span><span class="p">({</span>
<span class="nx">gasLimit</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">gasLimit</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nx">gasPrice</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">gasPrice</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nx">to</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">newAddress</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nx">value</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">value</span>
<span class="p">});</span>
<span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Sent in Transaction: &#39;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nx">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hash</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">});</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="docutils" />
<div class="section" id="coalesce-jaxx-wallets">
<h2>Coalesce Jaxx Wallets<a class="headerlink" href="#coalesce-jaxx-wallets" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>The Jaxx Wallet (for iOS, Android, desktop, et cetera) uses HD wallets on Ethereum the
same way as Bitcoin, which results in each transaction being received by a separate
address. As a result, funds get spread across many accounts, making several operations
in Ethereum impossible.</p>
<p>This short recipe will coalesce all these accounts into a single one, by sending the funds
from each account into a single one.</p>
<p>This also results in paying multiple transaction fees (1 fee per account to merge).</p>
<p>&#64;TODO: This is incomplete!!</p>
<div class="literal-block-wrapper docutils container" id="id3">
<div class="code-block-caption"><span class="caption-text"><em>TODO</em></span><a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Permalink to this code"></a></div>
<div class="highlight-javascript notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;ethers&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">provider</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getDefaultProvider</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">mnemonic</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;radar blur cabbage chef fix engine embark joy scheme fiction master release&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">hdnode</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">utils</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">HDNode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">fromMnemonic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">mnemonic</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">hdnode</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">hdnode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">derivePath</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;m/44&#39;/60&#39;/0&#39;/0&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// @TODO</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="docutils" />
<div class="section" id="access-funds-in-a-mnemonic-phrase-wallet">
<h2>Access Funds in a Mnemonic Phrase Wallet<a class="headerlink" href="#access-funds-in-a-mnemonic-phrase-wallet" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>&#64;TODO: This is incomplete</p>
<div class="literal-block-wrapper docutils container" id="id4">
<div class="code-block-caption"><span class="caption-text"><em>TODO</em></span><a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Permalink to this code"></a></div>
<div class="highlight-javascript notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;ethers&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">walletPath</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s2">&quot;standard&quot;</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;m/44&#39;/60&#39;/0&#39;/0/0&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="c1">// @TODO: Include some non-standard wallet paths</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">mnemonic</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;radar blur cabbage chef fix engine embark joy scheme fiction master release&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">hdnode</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">HDNode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">fromMnemonic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">mnemonic</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">hdnode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">derivePath</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">walletPath</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">standard</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">wallet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Wallet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">privateKey</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">wallet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">address</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// 0xaC39b311DCEb2A4b2f5d8461c1cdaF756F4F7Ae9</span>
<span class="c1">// @TODO:</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="docutils" />
<div class="section" id="random-mnemonic">
<h2>Random Mnemonic<a class="headerlink" href="#random-mnemonic" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Often you may simply want a random mnemonic that is valid. It is important to
note that <strong>not</strong> all random sets of words are valid; there is a checksum
included in the binary encoding of the entropy, so it is important to use
a method that correctly encodes this checksum.</p>
<div class="literal-block-wrapper docutils container" id="id5">
<div class="code-block-caption"><span class="caption-text"><em>Random Mnemonic</em></span><a class="headerlink" href="#id5" title="Permalink to this code"></a></div>
<div class="highlight-javascript notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;ethers&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// All createRandom Wallets are generated from random mnemonics</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">wallet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Wallet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">createRandom</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">randomMnemonic</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">wallet</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">mnemonic</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="literal-block-wrapper docutils container" id="id6">
<div class="code-block-caption"><span class="caption-text"><em>More Complex Random Mnemonic</em></span><a class="headerlink" href="#id6" title="Permalink to this code"></a></div>
<div class="highlight-javascript notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">utils</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;ethers/utils&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Chose the length of your mnemonic:</span>
<span class="c1">// - 16 bytes =&gt; 12 words (* this example)</span>
<span class="c1">// - 20 bytes =&gt; 15 words</span>
<span class="c1">// - 24 bytes =&gt; 18 words</span>
<span class="c1">// - 28 bytes =&gt; 21 words</span>
<span class="c1">// - 32 bytes =&gt; 24 words</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">bytes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">utils</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">random</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Select the language:</span>
<span class="c1">// - en, es, fr, ja, ko, it, zh_ch, zh_tw</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">language</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">wordlists</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">en</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">randomMnemonic</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">utils</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">HDNode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">entropyToMnemonic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">bytes</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">language</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="docutils" />
<div class="section" id="get-transaction-history">
<h2>Get Transaction History<a class="headerlink" href="#get-transaction-history" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Unfortunately, transaction history is not something that is easy to get. It
is not indexed by the blockchain, not by a standard node, “out-of-the-box”.
At the time of this recipe, the indices to store the entire history are
around 800GB. For Parity you may enable tracing and disable pruning, in
which case you can use some of the vendor specific JSON-RPC debug methods.</p>
<p>For many cases, you can probably rely on Etherscan, which dedicates large
amounts of resources to tracking and storing this information.</p>
<div class="literal-block-wrapper docutils container" id="id7">
<div class="code-block-caption"><span class="caption-text"><em>Transaction History</em></span><a class="headerlink" href="#id7" title="Permalink to this code"></a></div>
<div class="highlight-javascript notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">etherscanProvider</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">ethers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">providers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">EtherscanProvider</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="nx">etherscanProvider</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getHistory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">address</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">then</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">history</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">history</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">forEach</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">tx</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tx</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">})</span>
<span class="p">});</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p>&#64;TODO: Example of signing and verifying a hash in ethers and in Solidity.</p>
<hr class="docutils" />
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