Updated docs output.

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Richard Moore 2020-02-02 00:53:22 -05:00
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76 changed files with 3881 additions and 421 deletions

@ -54,7 +54,9 @@ Developer Documentation
* [Buckets](api/contract) * [Buckets](api/contract)
* [Signers](api/signer) * [Signers](api/signer)
* [Signer](api/signer) * [Signer](api/signer)
* [Wallet inherits Signer](api/signer) * [Wallet](api/signer)
* [VoidSigner](api/signer)
* [ExternallyOwnedAccount](api/signer)
* [Providers](api/providers) * [Providers](api/providers)
* [Provider](api/providers/provider) * [Provider](api/providers/provider)
* [Accounts Methods](api/providers/provider) * [Accounts Methods](api/providers/provider)
@ -65,25 +67,35 @@ Developer Documentation
* [Transactions Methods](api/providers/provider) * [Transactions Methods](api/providers/provider)
* [Event Emitter Methods](api/providers/provider) * [Event Emitter Methods](api/providers/provider)
* [Inspection Methods](api/providers/provider) * [Inspection Methods](api/providers/provider)
* [JSON-RPC Provider](api/providers/jsonrpc-provider)
* [JsonRpcProvider](api/providers/jsonrpc-provider) * [JsonRpcProvider](api/providers/jsonrpc-provider)
* [JsonRpcSigner](api/providers/jsonrpc-provider) * [JsonRpcSigner](api/providers/jsonrpc-provider)
* [JsonRpcUncheckedSigner](api/providers/jsonrpc-provider) * [JsonRpcUncheckedSigner](api/providers/jsonrpc-provider)
* [API Providers](api/providers/api-providers) * [API Providers](api/providers/api-providers)
* [EtherscanProvider](api/providers/api-providers) * [EtherscanProvider](api/providers/api-providers)
* [InfuraProvider](api/providers/api-providers) * [InfuraProvider](api/providers/api-providers)
* [NodesmithProvider](api/providers/api-providers)
* [AlchemyProvider](api/providers/api-providers) * [AlchemyProvider](api/providers/api-providers)
* [CloudfrontProvider](api/providers/api-providers) * [CloudfrontProvider](api/providers/api-providers)
* [Other Providers](api/providers/other) * [Other Providers](api/providers/other)
* [FallbackProvider](api/providers/other) * [FallbackProvider](api/providers/other)
* [IpcProvider](api/providers/other) * [IpcProvider](api/providers/other)
* [UrlJsonRpcProvider](api/providers/other)
* [Web3Provider](api/providers/other)
* [Types](api/providers/types) * [Types](api/providers/types)
* [Blocks](api/providers/types) * [Network](api/providers/types)
* [Block](api/providers/types)
* [Events and Logs](api/providers/types) * [Events and Logs](api/providers/types)
* [Transactions](api/providers/types) * [Transactions](api/providers/types)
* [Utilities](api/utils) * [Utilities](api/utils)
* [Addresses](api/utils/address) * [Addresses](api/utils/address)
* [Address Formats](api/utils/address)
* [Functions](api/utils/address)
* [Application Binary Interface](api/utils/abi)
* [Formats](api/utils/abi)
* [Fragment](api/utils/abi)
* [ConstructorFragment](api/utils/abi)
* [EventFragment](api/utils/abi)
* [FunctionFragment](api/utils/abi)
* [ParamType](api/utils/abi)
* [BigNumber](api/utils/bignumber) * [BigNumber](api/utils/bignumber)
* [Types](api/utils/bignumber) * [Types](api/utils/bignumber)
* [Creating Instances](api/utils/bignumber) * [Creating Instances](api/utils/bignumber)
@ -104,7 +116,7 @@ Developer Documentation
* [Units](api/utils/display-logic) * [Units](api/utils/display-logic)
* [Functions](api/utils/display-logic) * [Functions](api/utils/display-logic)
* [FixedNumber](api/utils/fixednumber) * [FixedNumber](api/utils/fixednumber)
* [Types](api/utils/fixednumber) * [FixedFormat](api/utils/fixednumber)
* [Creating Instances](api/utils/fixednumber) * [Creating Instances](api/utils/fixednumber)
* [Properties](api/utils/fixednumber) * [Properties](api/utils/fixednumber)
* [Methods](api/utils/fixednumber) * [Methods](api/utils/fixednumber)
@ -115,6 +127,31 @@ Developer Documentation
* [Strings](api/utils/strings) * [Strings](api/utils/strings)
* [Bytes32String](api/utils/strings) * [Bytes32String](api/utils/strings)
* [UTF-8 Strings](api/utils/strings) * [UTF-8 Strings](api/utils/strings)
* [UnicodeNormalizationForm](api/utils/strings)
* [Custom UTF-8 Error Handling](api/utils/strings)
* [Transactions](api/utils/transactions)
* [Types](api/utils/transactions)
* [Functions](api/utils/transactions)
* [Other Libraries](api/other)
* [Hardware Wallets](api/other/hardware)
* [LedgerSigner](api/other/hardware)
* [Command Line Interfaces](cli)
* [Sandbox Utility](cli/ethers)
* [Help](cli/ethers)
* [Examples](cli/ethers)
* [Assembler](cli/asm)
* [Help](cli/asm)
* [Examples](cli/asm)
* [ENS](cli/ens)
* [Help](cli/ens)
* [Examples](cli/ens)
* [TypeScript](cli/typescript)
* [Help](cli/typescript)
* [Examples](cli/typescript)
* [Making Your Own](cli/plugin)
* [CLI](cli/plugin)
* [Plugin](cli/plugin)
* [ArgParser](cli/plugin)
* [Cookbook](cookbook) * [Cookbook](cookbook)
* [Migration Guide](migration) * [Migration Guide](migration)
* [From Web3](migration) * [From Web3](migration)
@ -125,6 +162,8 @@ Developer Documentation
* [Flatworm Docs](documentation) * [Flatworm Docs](documentation)
* [Fragments](documentation) * [Fragments](documentation)
* [Markdown](documentation) * [Markdown](documentation)
* [Configuration](documentation)
* [Extended Directive Functions](documentation)
* [License and Copyright](license) * [License and Copyright](license)
@ -143,4 +182,4 @@ older versions of the library.
----- -----
**Content Hash:** f1da4df3feeb06a567657ae41d8498ea3315f68d05dc2f9e86c2858b5d2b2f89 **Content Hash:** bf4f628855f6f4c54ceca8c845e7ec93498135aa2d045f582d7c98e3a05294d7

@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ Here...
* [Buckets](contract) * [Buckets](contract)
* [Signers](signer) * [Signers](signer)
* [Signer](signer) * [Signer](signer)
* [Wallet inherits Signer](signer) * [Wallet](signer)
* [VoidSigner](signer)
* [ExternallyOwnedAccount](signer)
* [Providers](providers) * [Providers](providers)
* [Provider](providers/provider) * [Provider](providers/provider)
* [Accounts Methods](providers/provider) * [Accounts Methods](providers/provider)
@ -27,25 +29,35 @@ Here...
* [Transactions Methods](providers/provider) * [Transactions Methods](providers/provider)
* [Event Emitter Methods](providers/provider) * [Event Emitter Methods](providers/provider)
* [Inspection Methods](providers/provider) * [Inspection Methods](providers/provider)
* [JSON-RPC Provider](providers/jsonrpc-provider)
* [JsonRpcProvider](providers/jsonrpc-provider) * [JsonRpcProvider](providers/jsonrpc-provider)
* [JsonRpcSigner](providers/jsonrpc-provider) * [JsonRpcSigner](providers/jsonrpc-provider)
* [JsonRpcUncheckedSigner](providers/jsonrpc-provider) * [JsonRpcUncheckedSigner](providers/jsonrpc-provider)
* [API Providers](providers/api-providers) * [API Providers](providers/api-providers)
* [EtherscanProvider](providers/api-providers) * [EtherscanProvider](providers/api-providers)
* [InfuraProvider](providers/api-providers) * [InfuraProvider](providers/api-providers)
* [NodesmithProvider](providers/api-providers)
* [AlchemyProvider](providers/api-providers) * [AlchemyProvider](providers/api-providers)
* [CloudfrontProvider](providers/api-providers) * [CloudfrontProvider](providers/api-providers)
* [Other Providers](providers/other) * [Other Providers](providers/other)
* [FallbackProvider](providers/other) * [FallbackProvider](providers/other)
* [IpcProvider](providers/other) * [IpcProvider](providers/other)
* [UrlJsonRpcProvider](providers/other)
* [Web3Provider](providers/other)
* [Types](providers/types) * [Types](providers/types)
* [Blocks](providers/types) * [Network](providers/types)
* [Block](providers/types)
* [Events and Logs](providers/types) * [Events and Logs](providers/types)
* [Transactions](providers/types) * [Transactions](providers/types)
* [Utilities](utils) * [Utilities](utils)
* [Addresses](utils/address) * [Addresses](utils/address)
* [Address Formats](utils/address)
* [Functions](utils/address)
* [Application Binary Interface](utils/abi)
* [Formats](utils/abi)
* [Fragment](utils/abi)
* [ConstructorFragment](utils/abi)
* [EventFragment](utils/abi)
* [FunctionFragment](utils/abi)
* [ParamType](utils/abi)
* [BigNumber](utils/bignumber) * [BigNumber](utils/bignumber)
* [Types](utils/bignumber) * [Types](utils/bignumber)
* [Creating Instances](utils/bignumber) * [Creating Instances](utils/bignumber)
@ -66,7 +78,7 @@ Here...
* [Units](utils/display-logic) * [Units](utils/display-logic)
* [Functions](utils/display-logic) * [Functions](utils/display-logic)
* [FixedNumber](utils/fixednumber) * [FixedNumber](utils/fixednumber)
* [Types](utils/fixednumber) * [FixedFormat](utils/fixednumber)
* [Creating Instances](utils/fixednumber) * [Creating Instances](utils/fixednumber)
* [Properties](utils/fixednumber) * [Properties](utils/fixednumber)
* [Methods](utils/fixednumber) * [Methods](utils/fixednumber)
@ -77,8 +89,16 @@ Here...
* [Strings](utils/strings) * [Strings](utils/strings)
* [Bytes32String](utils/strings) * [Bytes32String](utils/strings)
* [UTF-8 Strings](utils/strings) * [UTF-8 Strings](utils/strings)
* [UnicodeNormalizationForm](utils/strings)
* [Custom UTF-8 Error Handling](utils/strings)
* [Transactions](utils/transactions)
* [Types](utils/transactions)
* [Functions](utils/transactions)
* [Other Libraries](other)
* [Hardware Wallets](other/hardware)
* [LedgerSigner](other/hardware)
----- -----
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23
docs/api/other/README.md Normal file

@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
Other Libraries
===============
Now that ethers is more modular, it is possible to have additional
ancillary packages, which are not part of the core but optionally
add functionality only needed in certain situations.
* [Hardware Wallets](hardware)
* [LedgerSigner](hardware)
-----
**Content Hash:** bafa126f115321049791ba83b99acf79f82f222eb246124c601983ad8cb4b73a

@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
Hardware Wallets
================
LedgerSigner
------------
The [Ledger Hardware Wallets](https://www.ledger.com) are a fairly
popular brand.
TODO: importing
### API
#### **new** **LedgerSigner** ( [ provider [ , type [ , path ] ] ] ) **=>** *[LedgerSigner](./)*
Connects to a Ledger Hardware Wallet. The *type* if left unspecified is
determined by the environment; in node the default is "hid" and in the browser
"u2f" is the default. The default Ethereum path is used if *path* is left unspecified.
-----
**Content Hash:** 240366cd9757f396d08ed65ebfceafa51f82bfc44c04695ab68e3560e7a0016b

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@ -64,25 +64,26 @@ Provider Documentation
* [Transactions Methods](provider) * [Transactions Methods](provider)
* [Event Emitter Methods](provider) * [Event Emitter Methods](provider)
* [Inspection Methods](provider) * [Inspection Methods](provider)
* [JSON-RPC Provider](jsonrpc-provider)
* [JsonRpcProvider](jsonrpc-provider) * [JsonRpcProvider](jsonrpc-provider)
* [JsonRpcSigner](jsonrpc-provider) * [JsonRpcSigner](jsonrpc-provider)
* [JsonRpcUncheckedSigner](jsonrpc-provider) * [JsonRpcUncheckedSigner](jsonrpc-provider)
* [API Providers](api-providers) * [API Providers](api-providers)
* [EtherscanProvider](api-providers) * [EtherscanProvider](api-providers)
* [InfuraProvider](api-providers) * [InfuraProvider](api-providers)
* [NodesmithProvider](api-providers)
* [AlchemyProvider](api-providers) * [AlchemyProvider](api-providers)
* [CloudfrontProvider](api-providers) * [CloudfrontProvider](api-providers)
* [Other Providers](other) * [Other Providers](other)
* [FallbackProvider](other) * [FallbackProvider](other)
* [IpcProvider](other) * [IpcProvider](other)
* [UrlJsonRpcProvider](other)
* [Web3Provider](other)
* [Types](types) * [Types](types)
* [Blocks](types) * [Network](types)
* [Block](types)
* [Events and Logs](types) * [Events and Logs](types)
* [Transactions](types) * [Transactions](types)
----- -----
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@ -30,10 +30,23 @@ The **EtherscanProvider** is backed by a combination of the various
#### *provider* . **getHistory** ( address ) **=>** *Array< History >* #### *provider* . **getHistory** ( address ) **=>** *Array< History >*
@TODO... Explain
#### **Supported Networks**
* Homestead (Mainnet)
* Ropsten (proof-of-work testnet)
* Rinkeby (proof-of-Authority testnet)
* G&ouml;rli (clique testnet)
* Kovan (proof-of-authority testnet)
InfuraProvider InfuraProvider
-------------- --------------
@ -42,18 +55,18 @@ InfuraProvider
The **InfuraProvider** is backed by the popular [INFURA](https://infura.io) The **InfuraProvider** is backed by the popular [INFURA](https://infura.io)
Ethereum service. Ethereum service.
It supports Mainnet (homestead) and all common testnets (Ropsten, Rinkeby,
G&ouml;rli and Kovan). #### **Supported Networks**
NodesmithProvider
----------------- * Homestead (Mainnet)
* Ropsten (proof-of-work testnet)
* Rinkeby (proof-of-Authority testnet)
* G&ouml;rli (clique testnet)
* Kovan (proof-of-authority testnet)
The **NodesmithProvider** is backed by [Nodesmith](https://nodesmith.io).
It supports Mainnet (homestead) and all common testnets (Ropsten, Rinkeby,
G&ouml;rli and Kovan), as well as the Ethereum-like network [Aion](https://aion.network).
AlchemyProvider AlchemyProvider
@ -62,8 +75,18 @@ AlchemyProvider
The **AlchemtProvider** is backed by [Alchemy](https://alchemyapi.io). The **AlchemtProvider** is backed by [Alchemy](https://alchemyapi.io).
It supports Mainnet (homestead) and all common testnets (Ropsten, Rinkeby,
G&ouml;rli and Kovan). #### **Supported Networks**
* Homestead (Mainnet)
* Ropsten (proof-of-work testnet)
* Rinkeby (proof-of-Authority testnet)
* G&ouml;rli (clique testnet)
* Kovan (proof-of-authority testnet)
CloudfrontProvider CloudfrontProvider
@ -73,9 +96,16 @@ CloudfrontProvider
The CloudfrontProvider is backed by the The CloudfrontProvider is backed by the
[Cloudflare Ethereum Gateway](https://developers.cloudflare.com/distributed-web/ethereum-gateway/). [Cloudflare Ethereum Gateway](https://developers.cloudflare.com/distributed-web/ethereum-gateway/).
It only supports Mainnet (homestead).
#### **Supported Networks**
* Homestead (Mainnet)
----- -----
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@ -5,21 +5,37 @@ Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
----- -----
JSON-RPC Provider
=================
Explain here...
JsonRpcProvider JsonRpcProvider
--------------- ===============
TODO... The [JSON-RPC API](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/JSON-RPC) is a
very popular method for interacting with Ethereum and is available in all
major Ethereum node implementations (e.g. [Geth](https://geth.ethereum.org)
and [Parity](https://www.parity.io)) as well as many third-party web
services (e.g. [INFURA](https://infura.io))
#### *provider* . **getSigner** ( [ addressOrIndex ] ) **=>** *[JsonRpcSigner](./)* #### **new** *ethers* . *providers* . **JsonRpcProvider** ( [ url [ , aNetworkish ] ] )
Connect to a JSON-RPC API located at *url* using the /aNetworkish// network.
If *url* is not specified, the default (i.e. `http://localhost:8545`) is used
and if no network is specified, it will be determined automatically by
querying the node.
#### Note: Connecting to a Local Node
Each node implementation is slightly different and may require specific command-line
flags or changes in their Settings UI to enable JSON-RPC, unlock accounrs
or expose specific APIs. Please consult theit documentation.
#### *jsonRpcProvider* . **getSigner** ( [ addressOrIndex ] ) **=>** *[JsonRpcSigner](./)*
Returns a [JsonRpcSigner](./) which is managed by this Ethereum node, at Returns a [JsonRpcSigner](./) which is managed by this Ethereum node, at
*addressOrIndex*. If no *addressOrIndex* is provided, the first *addressOrIndex*. If no *addressOrIndex* is provided, the first
@ -28,27 +44,91 @@ account (account #0) is used.
#### *provider* . **getUncheckSigner** ( [ addressOrIndex ] ) **=>** *[JsonRpcUncheckedSigner](./)* #### *jsonRpcProvider* . **getUncheckedSigner** ( [ addressOrIndex ] ) **=>** *[JsonRpcUncheckedSigner](./)*
#### *jsonRpcProvider* . **listAccounts** ( ) **=>** *Array< string >*
Returns a list of all account addresses managed by this provider.
#### *jsonRpcProvider* . **send** ( method , params ) **=>** *Promise< any >*
Allows sending raw messages to the provider.
This can be used for backend-specific calls, such as for debugging or
specific account management.
JsonRpcSigner JsonRpcSigner
------------- -------------
TODO... Explain A **JsonRpcSigner** is a simple Signer which is backed by a connected
[JsonRpcProvider](./).
#### *signer* . **provider** **=>** *[JsonRpcProvider](./)*
The provider this signer was established from.
#### *signer* . **connectUnchecked** ( ) **=>** *[JsonRpcUncheckedSigner](./)*
Returns a new Signer object which does not perform addtional checks when
sending a transaction. See [JsonRpcUncheckedSigner](./) for more details.
#### *signer* . **sendUncheckedTransaction** ( transaction ) **=>** *Promise< string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > > >*
Sends the *transaction* and returns a Promise which resolves to the
opacque transaction hash.
#### *signer* . **unlock** ( password ) **=>** *Promise< boolean >*
Request the node unlock the account (if locked) using *password*.
JsonRpcUncheckedSigner JsonRpcUncheckedSigner
---------------------- ----------------------
TODO... Explain The JSON-RPC API only provides a transaction hash as the response when a
transaction is sent, but the ethers Provider requires populating all details
of a transaction before returning it. For example, the gas price and gas limit
may be adjusted by the node or the nonce automatically included, in which case
the opaque transaction hash has discarded this.
To remedy this, the [JsonRpcSigner](./) immeidately queries the provider for
the details using the returned transaction hash to populate the [TransactionResponse](../types)
object.
Some backends do not respond immediately and instead defer releasing the
details of a transaction it was responsible for signing until it is mined.
The **UncheckedSigner** does not populate any additional information and will
immediately return the result as a mock [TransactionResponse](../types)-like
object, with most of the properties set to null, but allows access to the
transaction hash quickly, if that is all that is required.
----- -----
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@ -16,16 +16,36 @@ FallbackProvider
---------------- ----------------
Explain... The **FallbackProvider** is the most advanced [Provider](../provider) available in
ethers.
It uses a quorum and connects to multiple [Providers](../provider) as backends,
each configured with a *priority* and a *weight* .
When a request is made, the request is dispatched to multiple backends, randomly
choosen (higher prioirty backends are always selected first) and the results from
each are compared against the others. Only once the quorum has been reached will that
result be accepted and returned to the caller.
By default the quorum requires 50% (rounded up) of the backends to agree. The *weight*
can be used to give a backend Provider more influence.
### Properties #### **new** *ethers* . *providers* . **FallbackProvider** ( providers [ , quorum ] )
Creates a new instance of a FallbackProvider connected to *providers*. If
quorum is not specified, half of the total sum of the provider weights is
used.
The *providers* can be either an array of [Provider](../provider) or [FallbackProviderConfig](./).
If a [Provider](../provider) is provided, the defaults are a priority of 1 and a weight of 1.
#### *provider* . **providers** **=>** *Array< [Provider](../provider) >*
The list of Providers this is connected to. #### *provider* . **providerConfigs** **=>** *Array< [FallbackProviderConfig](./) >*
The list of Provider Configurations that describe the backends.
@ -38,9 +58,42 @@ resolved. By default this is *half the sum of the weights*.
#### *provider* . **weights** **=>** *Array< number >* ### FallbackProviderConfig
The weight each of the Providers adds to a results acceptance.
#### *fallbackProviderConfig* . **provider** **=>** *[Provider](../provider)*
The provider for this configuration.
#### *fallbackProviderConfig* . **priority** **=>** *number*
The priority used for the provider. Higher priorities are favoured over lower
priorities. If multiple providers share the same prioirty, they are choosen
at random.
#### *fallbackProviderConfig* . **stallTimeout** **=>** *number*
The timeout (in ms) after which another [Provider](../provider) will be attempted. This
does not affect the current Provider; if it returns a result it is counted
as part of the quorum.
Lower values will result in more network traffic, but may reduce the response
time of requests.
#### *fallbackProviderConfig* . **weight** **=>** *number*
The weight a response from this provider provides. This can be used if a given
[Provider](../provider) is more trusted, for example.
@ -49,9 +102,89 @@ IpcProvider
----------- -----------
Explain... The **IpcProvider** allows the JSON-RPC API to be used over a local
filename on the file system, exposed by Geth, Parity and other nodes.
This is only available in *node.js* (as it requires file system access,
and may have additional complications due to file permissions. See any
related notes on the documentation for the actual node implementation websites.
#### *ipcProvider* . **path** **=>** *string*
The path this [Provider](../provider) is connected to.
UrlJsonRpcProvider
------------------
This class is intended to be sub-classed and not used directly. It
simplifies creating a [Provider](../provider) where a normal [JsonRpcProvider](../jsonrpc-provider)
would suffice, with a little extra effort needed to generate the JSON-RPC
URL.
#### **new** *ethers* . *providers* . **UrlJsonRpcProvider** ( [ network [ , apiKey ] ] )
Sub-classes do not need to override this. Instead they should override the
static method `getUrl` and optionally `getApiKey`.
#### *urlJsonRpcProvider* . **apiKey** **=>** *any*
The value of the apiKey that was returned from `InheritedClass.getApiKey`.
#### *InheritingClass* . **getApiKey** ( apiKey ) **=>** *any*
This function should examine the *apiKey* to ensure it is valid and
return a (possible modified) value to use in `getUrl`.
#### *InheritingClass* . **getUrl** ( network , apiKey ) **=>** *string*
The URL to use for the JsonRpcProvider instance.
Web3Provider
------------
The Web3Provider is meant to ease moving from a [web3.js based](https://github.com/ethereum/web3.js)
application to ethers by wraping an existing Web3-compatible (such as a
[Web3HttpProvider](https://github.com/ethereum/web3.js/tree/1.x/packages/web3-providers-http)
[Web3IpcProvider](https://github.com/ethereum/web3.js/tree/1.x/packages/web3-providers-ipc) or
[Web3WsProvider](https://github.com/ethereum/web3.js/tree/1.x/packages/web3-providers-ws))
and exposing it as an ethers.js [Provider](../provider) which can then be used with the rest of
the library.
#### **new** *ethers* . *providers* . **Web3Provider** ( web3Provider [ , network ] )
Create a new **Web3Provider**, which wraps an [EIP-1193 Provider]() or
Web3Provider-compatible Provider.
#### *web3Provider* . **provider** **=>** *Web3CompatibleProvider*
The provider used to create this instance.
----- -----
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@ -19,38 +19,166 @@ A **BlockTag** specifies a specific location in the Blockchain.
* **`"latest"`** -- The most recently mined block * **`"latest"`** -- The most recently mined block
* **`"earliest"`** -- Block #0 * **`"earliest"`** -- Block #0
* **`"pending"`** -- The block currently being prepared for mining; not all operations support this BlockTag * **`"pending"`** -- The block currently being prepared for mining; not all operations and backends support this BlockTag
* ***number*** -- The block at this height * ***number*** -- The block at this height
* ***a negative number*** -- The block this many blocks ago * ***a negative number*** -- The block this many blocks ago
### Network ### EventType
And **EventType** can be any of the following.
* ***string*** -- TODO...
* ***Array<string<[DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)<32>> | Array<string<[DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)<32>>>>*** -- TODO...
* ***[EventFilter](./)*** -- TODO...
Network
-------
A **Network** represents an Etherem network. A **Network** represents an Etherem network.
#### *network* . **name** **=>** *string*
* **name** -- The human-readable name of the network The human-readable name of the network, such as `homestead`. If the network
* **chainId** -- The Chain ID of the network name is unknown, this will be `"unknown"`.
* **ensAddress** -- The address at which the ENS registry is deployed
Blocks
------
### Block
#### *network* . **chainId** **=>** *number*
The Chain ID of the network.
#### *network* . **ensAddress** **=>** *string< [Address](../../utils/address) >*
The address at which the ENS registry is deployed on this network.
Block
-----
#### *block* . **hash** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > >*
The hash of this block.
#### *block* . **parentHash** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > >*
The hash of the previous block.
#### *block* . **number** **=>** *number*
The height (number) of this block.
#### *block* . **timestamp** **=>** *number*
The timestamp of this block.
#### *block* . **nonce** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes) >*
The nonce used as part of the proof-of-work to mine this block.
This property is generally of little interest developers.
#### *block* . **difficulty** **=>** *number*
The difficulty target required to be met by the miner of the block.
This property is generally of little interest developers.
#### *block* . **gasLimit** **=>** *[BigNumber](../../utils/bignumber)*
The maximum amount of gas that this block was permitted to use. This
is a value that can be voted up or voted down by miners and is used
to automatically adjust the bandwidth requirements of the network.
This property is generally of little interest developers.
#### *block* . **gasUsed** **=>** *[BigNumber](../../utils/bignumber)*
The total amount of gas used by all transactions in this block.
#### *block* . **miner** **=>** *string*
The coinbase address of this block, which indicates the address the
miner that mined this block would like the subsidy reward to go to.
#### *block* . **extraData** **=>** *string*
This is extra data a miner may choose to include when mining a block.
This property is generally of little interest developers.
### Block (with transaction hashes)
Often only the hashes of the transactions included in a block are needed,
so by default a block only contains this information, as it is
substantially less data.
#### *block* . **transactions** **=>** *Array< string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > > >*
A list of the transactions hashes for each transaction this block
includes.
TODO
### BlockWithTransactions ### BlockWithTransactions
TODO If all transactions for a block are needed, this object instead includes
the full details on each transaction.
#### *block* . **transactions** **=>** *Array< [TransactionResponse](./) >*
A list of the transactions this block includes.
Events and Logs Events and Logs
@ -61,31 +189,127 @@ Events and Logs
### EventFilter ### EventFilter
TODO
#### *filter* . **address** **=>** *string< [Address](../../utils/address) >*
The address to filter by, or `null` to match any address.
### EventType
TODO #### *filter* . **topics** **=>** *Array< string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > >|Array< string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > > > >*
The topics to filter by, or `null` to match any topics. Each entry represents an
**AND** condition that must match, or may be `null` to match anything. If a given
entry is an Array, then that entry is treated as an **OR** for any value in the entry.
### Filter ### Filter
TODO
#### *filter* . **fromBlock** **=>** *[BlockTag](./)*
The starting block (inclusive) to search for logs matching the filter criteria.
#### *filter* . **toBlock** **=>** *[BlockTag](./)*
The end block (inclusive) to search for logs matching the filter criteria.
### FilterByBlockHash ### FilterByBlockHash
TODO
#### *filter* . **blockHash** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > >*
The specific block (by its block hash) to search for logs matching the filter criteria.
### Log ### Log
A network...
#### *log* . **blockNumber** **=>** *number*
The block height (number) of the block including the transaction of this log.
#### *log* . **blockHash** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > >*
The block hash of the block including the transaction of this log.
#### *log* . **removed** **=>** *boolean*
During a re-org, if a transaction is orphaned, this will be set to true
to indicate the Log entry has been removed; it will likely be emitted
again in the near future when another block is mined with the transaction
that triggered this log, but keep in mind the values may change.
#### *log* . **transactionLogIndex** **=>** *number*
The index of this log in the transaction.
#### *log* . **address** **=>** *string< [Address](../../utils/address) >*
The address of the contract that generated this log.
#### *log* . **data** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes) >*
The data included in this log.
#### *log* . **topics** **=>** *Array< string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > > >*
The list of topics (indexed properties) for this log.
#### *log* . **transactionHash** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > >*
The transaction hash of the transaction of this log.
#### *log* . **transactionIndex** **=>** *number*
The index of the transaction in the block of the transaction of this log.
#### *log* . **logIndex** **=>** *number*
The index of this log across all logs in the entire **block**.
Transactions Transactions
@ -99,33 +323,263 @@ Transactions
A transaction request describes a transaction that is to A transaction request describes a transaction that is to
be sent to the network or otherwise processed. be sent to the network or otherwise processed.
It contains the fields:
* **to** --- target address
* **from** --- target address
* **nonce** --- target address
* **gasLimit** --- target address
* **gasPrice** --- target address
* **data** --- target address
* **value** --- target address
* **chainId** --- target address
All fields are optional and may be a promise which resolves All fields are optional and may be a promise which resolves
to the required type. to the required type.
#### *transactionRequest* . **to** **=>** *string|Promise< string >*
The address (or ENS name) this transaction it to.
#### *transactionRequest* . **from** **=>** *string< [Address](../../utils/address) >|Promise< string< [Address](../../utils/address) > >*
The address this transaction is from.
#### *transactionRequest* . **nonce** **=>** *number|Promise< number >*
The nonce for this transaction. This should be set to the number of
transactions ever sent **from** this address.
#### *transactionRequest* . **gasLimit** **=>** *[BigNumber](../../utils/bignumber)|Promise< [BigNumber](../../utils/bignumber) >*
The maximum amount of gas this transaction is permitted to use.
#### *transactionRequest* . **gasPrice** **=>** *[BigNumber](../../utils/bignumber)|Promise< [BigNumber](../../utils/bignumber) >*
The price (in wei) per unit of gas this transaction will pay.
#### *transactionRequest* . **data** **=>** *[DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)|Promise< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes) >*
The transaction data.
#### *transactionRequest* . **value** **=>** *[BigNumber](../../utils/bignumber)|Promise< [BigNumber](../../utils/bignumber) >*
The amount (in wei) this transaction is sending.
#### *transactionRequest* . **chainId** **=>** *number|Promise< number >*
The chain ID this transaction is authorized on, as specified by
[EIP-155](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-155).
If the chain ID is 0 will disable EIP-155 and the transaction will be valid
on any network. This can be **dangerous** and care should be taken, since it
allows transactions to be replayed on networks that were possibly not
intended.
### TransactionResponse ### TransactionResponse
A **TransactionResponse** .. A **TransactionResponse** includes all properties of a [Transaction](../../utils/transactions) as well as several
properties that are useful once it has been mined.
#### *transaction* . **blockNumber** **=>** *number*
The number ("height") of the block this transaction was mined in. If the block has not been mined,
this is `null`.
#### *transaction* . **blockHash** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > >*
The hash of the block this transaction was mined in. If the block has not been mined,
this is `null`.
#### *transaction* . **timestamp** **=>** *number*
The timestamp of the block this transaction was mined in. If the block has not been mined,
this is `null`.
#### *transaction* . **confirmations** **=>** *number*
The number of blocks that have been mined (including the initial block) since this
transaction was mined.
#### *transaction* . **raw** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes) >*
The serialized transaction.
#### *transaction* . **wait** ( [ confirmations=1 ] ) **=>** *Promise< [TransactionReceipt](./) >*
Wait for *confirmations*. If 0, and the transaction has not been mined,
`null` is returned.
### TransactionReceipt ### TransactionReceipt
TODO
#### *receipt* . **to** **=>** *string< [Address](../../utils/address) >*
The address this transaction is to. This is `null` if the the
transaction was an **init transaction**, used to deploy a contract.
#### *receipt* . **from** **=>** *string< [Address](../../utils/address) >*
The address this transaction is from.
#### *receipt* . **contractAddress** **=>** *string< [Address](../../utils/address) >*
If this transaction has a ``null` to address, it is an **init transaction**
used to deploy a contract, in which case this is the address created by that
contract.
To compute a contract address, the [getContractAddress](../../utils/address)
utility function can also be used with a [TransactionResponse](./)
object, which requires the transaction nonce and the address of the sender.
#### *receipt* . **transactionIndex** **=>** *number*
The index of this transaction in the list of transactions included in
the block this transaction was mined in.
#### *receipt* . **root** **=>** *string*
The intermediate state root of a receipt.
Only transactions included in blocks **before** the [Byzantium Hard Fork](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-609)
have this property, as it was replaced by the `status` property.
The property is generally of little use to developers. At the time
it could be used to verify a state transition with a fraud-proof
only considering the single transaction; without it the full block
must be considered.
#### *receipt* . **gasUsed** **=>** *[BigNumber](../../utils/bignumber)*
The amount of gas actually used by this transaction.
#### *receipt* . **logsBloom** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes) >*
A [bloom-filter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_filter), which
incldues all the addresses and topics included in any log in this
transaction.
#### *receipt* . **blockHash** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > >*
The block hash of the block that this transaction was included in.
#### *receipt* . **transactionHash** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../../utils/bytes)< 32 > >*
The transaction hash of this transaction.
#### *receipt* . **logs** **=>** *Array< [Log](./) >*
All the logs emitted by this transaction.
#### *receipt* . **blockNumber** **=>** *number*
The block height (number) of the block that this transaction was
included in.
#### *receipt* . **confirmations** **=>** *number*
The number of blocks that have been mined since this transaction,
including the actual block it was mined in.
#### *receipt* . **cumulativeGasUsed** **=>** *[BigNumber](../../utils/bignumber)*
For the block this transaction was included in, this is the sum of the
gas used used by each transaction in the ordered list of transactions
up to (and including) this transaction.
This is generally of little interest to developers.
#### *receipt* . **byzantium** **=>** *boolean*
This is true if the block is in a [post-Byzantium Hard Fork](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-609)
block.
#### *receipt* . **status** **=>** *boolean*
The status of a transaction is 1 is successful or 0 if it was
reverted. Only transactions included in blocks [post-Byzantium Hard Fork](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-609)
have this property.
----- -----
**Content Hash:** f6d5ea85b1ddef3a5b5bc0745984620507c001cf7d898c7842e006ddcd2b056b **Content Hash:** ef41b33439a40aa374a5af245d4320705c3a647c86f90d9bb8c127503e2477c9

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@ -9,17 +9,41 @@ Signers
======= =======
Tra la la... A Signer represents...
Signer Signer
------ ------
The **Signer** class is abstract and cannot be directly instaniated. Instead
use one of the concreate sub-classes, such as the [Wallet](./), [VoidSigner](./)
or [JsonRpcSigner](../providers/jsonrpc-provider).
#### *signer* . **connect** ( provider ) **=>** *[Signer](./)* #### *signer* . **connect** ( provider ) **=>** *[Signer](./)*
TODO Sub-classes **must** implement this, however they may simply throw an error
if changing providers is not supported.
#### *signer* . **getAddress** ( ) **=>** *Promise< string< [Address](../utils/address) > >*
Returns a Promise that resolves to the account address.
This is a Promise so that a **Signer** can be designed around an
asynchronous source, such as hardware wallets.
Sub-classes **must** implement this.
#### *Signer* . **isSigner** ( object ) **=>** *boolean*
Returns true if an only if *object* is a **Signer**.
@ -30,44 +54,311 @@ TODO
#### *signer* . **getBalance** ( [ blockTag="latest" ] ) **=>** *Promise< [BigNumber](../utils/bignumber) >* #### *signer* . **getBalance** ( [ blockTag="latest" ] ) **=>** *Promise< [BigNumber](../utils/bignumber) >*
TODO Returns the balance of this wallet at *blockTag*.
#### *signer* . **getChainId** ( ) **=>** *Promise< number >*
Returns ths chain ID this wallet is connected to.
#### *signer* . **getGasPrice** ( ) **=>** *Promise< [BigNumber](../utils/bignumber) >*
Returns the current gas price.
#### *signer* . **getTransactionCount** ( [ blockTag="latest" ] ) **=>** *Promise< number >* #### *signer* . **getTransactionCount** ( [ blockTag="latest" ] ) **=>** *Promise< number >*
TODO Returns the number of transactions this account has ever sent. This
is the value required to be included in transactions as the `nonce`.
Wallet inherits Signer #### *signer* . **call** ( transactionRequest ) **=>** *Promise< string< [DataHexstring](../utils/bytes) > >*
----------------------
Returns the result of calling using the *transactionRequest*, with this
account address being used as the `from` field.
#### *signer* . **estimateGas** ( transactionRequest ) **=>** *Promise< [BigNumber](../utils/bignumber) >*
Returns the result of estimating the cost to send the *transactionRequest*,
with this account address being used as the `from` field.
#### *signer* . **resolveName** ( ensName ) **=>** *Promise< string< [Address](../utils/address) > >*
Returns the address associated with the *ensName*.
### Signing
#### *signer* . **signMessage** ( message ) **=>** *Promise< string< [FlatSignature](../utils/bytes) > >*
This returns a Promise which resolves to the [Flat-Format Signature](../utils/bytes)
of *message*.
Sub-classes **must** implement this, however they may throw if signing a
message is not supported.
#### Note
If *message* is a string, it is **treated as a string** and
converted to its representation in UTF8 bytes.
**If and only if** a message is a [Bytes](../utils/bytes) will it be treated as
binary data.
For example, the string `"0x1234"` is 6 characters long (and in
this case 6 bytes long). This is **not** equivalent to the array
`[ 0x12, 0x34 ]`, which is 2 bytes long.
A common case is to sign a hash. In this case, if the hash is a
string, it **must** be converted to an array first, using the
[arrayify](../utils/bytes) utility function.
#### *signer* . **signTransaction** ( transactionRequest ) **=>** *Promise< string< [DataHexstring](../utils/bytes) > >*
Returns a Promise which resolves to the signed transaction of the
*transactionRequest*. This method does not populate any missing fields.
Sub-classes **must** implement this, however they may throw if signing a
transaction is not supported.
#### *signer* . **sendTransaction** ( transactionRequest ) **=>** *Promise< [TransactionResponse](../providers/types) >*
This method populates the transactionRequest with missing fields, using
[populateTransaction](./) and returns a Promise which resolves to the transaction.
Sub-classes **must** implement this, however they may throw if signing a
transaction is not supported.
### Sub-Classes
It is very important that all important properties of a **Signer** are
**immutable**. Since Ethereum is very asynchronous and deals with critical
data (such as ether and other potentially valuable crypto assets), keeping
properties such as the *provider* and *address* static helps prevent
serious issues.
A sub-class **must** call `super()`.
#### *signer* . **checkTransaction** ( transactionRequest ) **=>** *[TransactionRequest](../providers/types)*
This is generally not required to be overridden, but may needed to provide
custom behaviour in sub-classes.
This should return a **copy** of the *transactionRequest*, with any properties
needed by `call`, `estimateGas` and `populateTransaction` (which is used
by sendTransaction). It should also throw an error if any unknown key is specified.
The default implementation checks only valid [TransactionRequest](../providers/types) properties
exist and adds `from` to the transaction if it does not exist, or verifies it is equal
to the Signer's address if it does exist.
#### *signer* . **populateTransaction** ( transactionRequest ) **=>** *Promise< [TransactionRequest](../providers/types) >*
This is generally not required to be overridden, but may needed to provide
custom behaviour in sub-classes.
This should return a **copy** of *transactionRequest*, follow the same procedure
as `checkTransaction` and fill in any properties required for sending a transaction.
The result should have all promises resolved; if needed the [resolveProperties](../utils/properties)
utility function can be used for this.
The default implementation calls `checkTransaction` and resolves to if it is an
ENS name, adds `gasPrice`, `nonce`, `gasLimit` and `chainId` based on the
related operations on Signer.
Wallet
------
The Wallet class inherits [Signer](./) and can sign transactions and messages The Wallet class inherits [Signer](./) and can sign transactions and messages
using a private key as a standard Externally Owned Account (EOA). using a private key as a standard Externally Owned Account (EOA).
### Creating an Instance
#### **new** *ethers* . **Wallet** ( privateKey [ , provider ] ) #### **new** *ethers* . **Wallet** ( privateKey [ , provider ] )
TODO Create a new Wallet instance for *privateKey* and optionally
connected to the *provider*.
#### *Wallet* . **fromEncryptedJson** ( json , password ) #### *ethers* . *Wallet* . **createRandom** ( [ options={} ] ) **=>** *[Wallet](./)*
TODO Returns a new Wallet with a random private key, generated from
cryptographically secure entropy sources. If the current environment
does not have a secure entropy source, an error is thrown.
#### *ethers* . *Wallet* . **fromEncryptedJson** ( json , password [ , progress ] ) **=>** *Promise< [Wallet](./) >*
Create an instance from an encrypted JSON wallet. If *progress*
is provided it will be called during decryption with a value between 0 and
1 indicating the progress towards completion.
#### *ethers* . *Wallet* . **fromMnemonic** ( mnemonic [ , path , [ wordlist ] ] ) **=>** *[Wallet](./)*
Create an instance from a mnemonic phrase.
If path is not specified, the Ethereum default path is used (i.e. m/44'/60'/0'/0/0).
If wordlist is not specified, the English Wordlist is used.
### Properties
#### *wallet* . **address** **=>** *string< [Address](../utils/address) >*
The address for the account this Wallet represents.
#### *wallet* . **provider** **=>** *[Provider](../providers/provider)*
The provider this wallet is connected to, which will ge used for any [Blockchain Methods](./)
methods. This can be null.
#### Note
A **Wallet** instance is immuatable, so if you wish to change the Provider, you
may use the [connect](./) method to create a new instance connected
to the desired provider.
#### *wallet* . **publicKey** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../utils/bytes)< 65 > >*
The uncompressed public key for this Wallet represents.
### Methods
#### *wallet* . **encrypt** ( password , [ options={} , [ progress ] ] ) **=>** *Promise< string >*
Encrypt the wallet using *password* returning a Promise which resolves
to a JSON wallet.
VoidSigner
----------
A **VoidSigner** is a simple Signer which cannot sign.
It is useful as a read-only signer, when an API requires a
Signer as a parameter, but it is known only read-only operations
will be carried.
For example, the `call` operation will automatically have the
provided address passed along during the execution.
#### **new** *ethers* . **VoidSigner** ( address ) **=>** *[VoidSigner](./)*
Create a new instance of a **VoidSigner** for *address*.
#### *voidSigner* . **address** **=>** *string< [Address](../utils/address) >*
The address of this **VoidSigner**.
ExternallyOwnedAccount
----------------------
#### *eoa* . **address** **=>** *string< [Address](../utils/address) >*
The [Address](../utils/address) of this EOA.
#### *eoa* . **privateKey** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../utils/bytes)< 32 > >*
The privateKey of this EOA
#### *eoa* . **mnemonic** **=>** *string*
*Optional*. The account HD mnemonic, if it has one and can be determined.
#### *eoa* . **path** **=>** *string*
*Optional*. The account HD path, if it has one and can be determined.
----- -----
**Content Hash:** 62c0d9640e683e41970dc1c779bd3b59ed08c27d99e15f6b51e7bae31ac1975e **Content Hash:** 0d8eb5d3cf69da2ecac958fba6a88d9f4d1aa6c6545354a2b00ccee770832c96

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@ -14,6 +14,15 @@ are also quite useful for application developers.
* [Addresses](address) * [Addresses](address)
* [Address Formats](address)
* [Functions](address)
* [Application Binary Interface](abi)
* [Formats](abi)
* [Fragment](abi)
* [ConstructorFragment](abi)
* [EventFragment](abi)
* [FunctionFragment](abi)
* [ParamType](abi)
* [BigNumber](bignumber) * [BigNumber](bignumber)
* [Types](bignumber) * [Types](bignumber)
* [Creating Instances](bignumber) * [Creating Instances](bignumber)
@ -34,7 +43,7 @@ are also quite useful for application developers.
* [Units](display-logic) * [Units](display-logic)
* [Functions](display-logic) * [Functions](display-logic)
* [FixedNumber](fixednumber) * [FixedNumber](fixednumber)
* [Types](fixednumber) * [FixedFormat](fixednumber)
* [Creating Instances](fixednumber) * [Creating Instances](fixednumber)
* [Properties](fixednumber) * [Properties](fixednumber)
* [Methods](fixednumber) * [Methods](fixednumber)
@ -45,8 +54,13 @@ are also quite useful for application developers.
* [Strings](strings) * [Strings](strings)
* [Bytes32String](strings) * [Bytes32String](strings)
* [UTF-8 Strings](strings) * [UTF-8 Strings](strings)
* [UnicodeNormalizationForm](strings)
* [Custom UTF-8 Error Handling](strings)
* [Transactions](transactions)
* [Types](transactions)
* [Functions](transactions)
----- -----
**Content Hash:** ae9deb0419f2da1644ae9588d27ecc475961b741fa9d7b27b2cf13ddf62d50b6 **Content Hash:** 87e3535244311d1d85bda676c07cc903e6e0fe7d4c7207943dcf2e72bc33e3d9

@ -0,0 +1,399 @@
-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
Application Binary Interface
============================
Explain an ABI.
Formats
-------
### JSON String ABI (Solidity Output JSON)
The **JSON ABI Format** is the format that is
[output from the Solidity compiler](https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.6.0/using-the-compiler.html#output-description).
A JSON serialized object is always a string, which represents an Array
of Objects, where each Object has various properties describing the [Fragment](./) of the ABI.
The deserialied JSON string (which is a normal JavaScript Object) may
also be passed into any function which accepts a JSON String ABI.
### Humanb-Readable ABI
The Human-Readable ABI was
[article](https://blog.ricmoo.com/human-readable-contract-abis-in-ethers-js-141902f4d917)
### Output Formats
Each [Fragment](./) and [ParamType](./) may be output using its `format`
method.
#### *utils* . *FragmentTypes* . **full** **=>** *string*
This is a full human-readable string, including all parameter names, any
optional modifiers (e.g. `indexed`, `public`, etc) and white-space
to aid in human readabiliy.
#### *utils* . *FragmentTypes* . **minimal** **=>** *string*
This is similar to `full`, except with no unnecessary whitespace or parameter
names. This is useful for storing a minimal string which can still fully
reconstruct the original Fragment using [Fragment&thinsp;.&thinsp;from](./).
#### *utils* . *FragmentTypes* . **json** **=>** *string*
This returns a JavaScript Object which is safe to call `JSON.stringify`
on to create a JSON string.
#### *utils* . *FragmentTypes* . **sighash** **=>** *string*
This is a minimal output format, which is used by Solidity when computing a
signature hash or an event topic hash.
#### Note
The `sighash` format is **insufficient** to re-create the original [Fragment](./),
since it discards modifiers such as indexed, anonymous, stateMutability, etc.
Fragment
--------
An ABI is a collection of **Fragments**, where each fragment specifies:
* An Event
* A Function
* A Constructor
### Properties
#### *fragment* . **name** **=>** *string*
This is the name of the Event or Function. This will be null for
a [ConstructorFragment](./).
#### *fragment* . **type** **=>** *string*
This is a string which indicates the type of the [Fragment](./). This
will be one of:
* `constructor`
* `event`
* `function`
#### *fragment* . **inputs** **=>** *Array< [ParamType](./) >*
This is an array of of each [ParamType](./) for the input parameters to
the Constructor, Event of Function.
### Methods
#### *utils* . *Fragment* . **from** ( objectOrString ) **=>** *[Fragment](./)*
Returns a
#### *utils* . *Fragment* . **isFragment** ( object ) **=>** *boolean*
Tra lal al
ConstructorFragment
-------------------
### Properties
#### *fragment* . **gas** **=>** *[BigNumber](../bignumber)*
This is the gas limit that should be used during deployment. It may be
null.
#### *fragment* . **payable** **=>** *boolean*
This is whether the constructor may receive ether during deployment as
an endowment (i.e. msg.value != 0).
#### *fragment* . **stateMutability** **=>** *string*
This is the state mutability of the constructor. It can be any of:
* `nonpayable`
* `payable`
### Methods
#### *utils* . *ConstructorFragment* . **from** ( objectOrString ) **=>** *[ConstructorFragment](./)*
Tra la la...
#### *utils* . *ConstructorFragment* . **isConstructorFragment** ( object ) **=>** *boolean*
Tra lal al
EventFragment
-------------
### Properties
#### *fragment* . **anonymous** **=>** *boolean*
This is whether the event is anonymous. An anonymous Event does not inject its
topic hash as topic0 when creating a log.
### Methods
#### *utils* . *EventFragment* . **from** ( objectOrString ) **=>** *[EventFragment](./)*
Tra la la...
#### *utils* . *EventFragment* . **isEventFragment** ( object ) **=>** *boolean*
Tra lal al
FunctionFragment
----------------
### Properties
#### *fragment* . **constant** **=>** *boolean*
This is whether the function is constant (i.e. does not change state). This
is true if the state mutability is `pure` or `view`.
#### *fragment* . **stateMutability** **=>** *string*
This is the state mutability of the constructor. It can be any of:
* `nonpayable`
* `payable`
* `pure`
* `view`
#### *fragment* . **outputs** **=>** *Array< [ParamType](./) >*
A list of the Function output parameters.
### Method
#### *utils* . *FunctionFragment* . **from** ( objectOrString ) **=>** *[FunctionFragment](./)*
Tra la la...
#### *utils* . *FunctionFragment* . **isFunctionFragment** ( object ) **=>** *boolean*
Tra lal al
ParamType
---------
The following examples will represent the Solidity parameter:
`string foobar`
### Properties
#### *paramType* . **name** **=>** *string*
The local parameter name. This may be null for unnamed parameters. For example,
the parameter definition `string foobar` would be `foobar`.
#### *paramType* . **type** **=>** *string*
The full type of the parameter, including tuple and array symbols. This may be null
for unnamed parameters. For the above example, this would be `foobar`.
#### *paramType* . **basetype** **=>** *string*
The base type of the parameter. For primitive types (e.g. `address`, `uint256`, etc)
this is equal to [type](./). For arrays, it will be the string `array` and for
a tuple, it will be the string `tuple`.
#### *paramType* . **indexed** **=>** *boolean*
Whether the parameter has been marked as indexed. This **only** applies
to parameters which are part of an [EventFragment](./).
#### *paramType* . **arrayChildren** **=>** *[ParamType](./)*
The type of children of the array. This is null for for any parameter
wjhich is not an array.
#### *paramType* . **arrayLength** **=>** *number*
The length of the array, or `-1` for dynamic-length arrays. This is
null for parameters which is not arrays.
#### *paramType* . **components** **=>** *Array< [ParamType](./) >*
The components of a tuple. This is null for non-tuple parameters.
### Methods
Tra la la...
#### *paramType* . **format** ( [ outputType="sighash" ] )
Tra la la...
#### *utils* . *ParamType* . **from** ( objectOrString ) **=>** *[ParamType](./)*
Tra la la...
#### *utils* . *ParamType* . **isParamType** ( object ) **=>** *boolean*
Tra la la...
-----
**Content Hash:** cae7aa26d26d5f02ebe0f227e25759db5d2437b4104d2950b364ced87e7c83f6

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@ -14,11 +14,51 @@ Explain addresses,formats and checksumming here.
Also see: [constants.AddressZero](../constants) Also see: [constants.AddressZero](../constants)
### Functions Address Formats
---------------
#### *utils* . **getAddress** ( address ) **=>** *string* ### Address
An **Address** is a [DataHexstring](../bytes) of 20 bytes (40 nibbles), with optional
mixed case.
If the case is mixed, it is a **Checksum Address**, which uses a specific pattern
of uppercase and lowercase letters within a given address to reduce the risk
of errors introduced from typing an address or cut and paste issues.
All functions that return an Address will return a Checksum Address.
### ICAP Address
The **ICAP Address Format** was an early attempt to introduce a checksum
into Ethereum addresses using the popular banking industry's
[IBAN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Bank_Account_Number)
format with the country code specified as **XE**.
Due to the way IBAN encodes address, only addresses that fit into 30 base-36
characters are actually compatible, so the format was adapted to support 31
base-36 characters which is large enough for a full Ethereum address, however
the preferred method was to select a private key whose address has a `0` as
the first byte, which allows the address to be formatted as a fully compatibly
standard IBAN address with 30 base-36 characters.
In general this format is no longer widely supported anymore, however any function that
accepts an address can receive an ICAP address, and it will be converted internally.
To convert an address into the ICAP format, see [getIcapAddress](./).
Functions
---------
#### *utils* . **getAddress** ( address ) **=>** *string< [Address](./) >*
Returns *address* as a Checksum Address. Returns *address* as a Checksum Address.
@ -37,15 +77,15 @@ Returns true if *address* is valid (in any supported format).
#### *utils* . **getIcapAddress** ( address ) **=>** *string* #### *utils* . **getIcapAddress** ( address ) **=>** *string< [IcapAddress](./) >*
Returns *address* as an ICAP address. Supports the same restrictions as Returns *address* as an [ICAP address](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Inter-exchange-Client-Address-Protocol-%28ICAP%29).
[utils.getAddress](./). Supports the same restrictions as [utils.getAddress](./).
#### *utils* . **getContractAddress** ( transaction ) **=>** *string* #### *utils* . **getContractAddress** ( transaction ) **=>** *string< [Address](./) >*
Returns the contract address that would result if *transaction* was Returns the contract address that would result if *transaction* was
used to deploy a contract. used to deploy a contract.
@ -53,6 +93,14 @@ used to deploy a contract.
#### *utils* . **getCreate2Address** ( from , salt , initCodeHash ) **=>** *string< [Address](./) >*
Returns the contract address that would result from the given
[CREATE2](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1014) call.
----- -----
**Content Hash:** 2dd561245955594d7080796077503064181258304572112d320139ae2594f383 **Content Hash:** 7835c97c8afbbdf59c39d32a9d79d86c4e446a2ed6acd6eae1f21c0b190b73c1

File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long

@ -108,7 +108,44 @@ Returns an instance of a **BigNumber** for *aBigNumberish*.
```javascript ```javascript
Skipping JavaScript Evaluation. // From a decimal string...
BigNumber.from("42")
// { BigNumber: "42" }
// From a hexstring...
BigNumber.from("0x2a")
// { BigNumber: "42" }
// From a negative hexstring...
BigNumber.from("-0x2a")
// { BigNumber: "-42" }
// From an Array (or Uint8Array)...
BigNumber.from([ 42 ])
// { BigNumber: "42" }
// From an existing BigNumber...
let one1 = constants.One;
let one2 = BigNumber.from(one1)
one2
// { BigNumber: "1" }
// ...which returns the same instance
one1 === one2
// true
// From a (safe) number...
BigNumber.from(42)
// { BigNumber: "42" }
// From a ES2015 BigInt... (only on platforms with BigInt support)
BigNumber.from(42n)
// { BigNumber: "42" }
// Numbers outside the safe range fail:
BigNumber.from(Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER);
// Error: overflow (fault="overflow", operation="BigNumber.from", value=9007199254740991, version=bignumber/5.0.0-beta.135)
``` ```
@ -273,7 +310,7 @@ Returns the value of *bignumber* as a base-10 string.
#### *bignumber* . **toHexString** ( ) **=>** *string* #### *bignumber* . **toHexString** ( ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes) >*
Returns the value of *bignumber* as a base-16, `0x`-prefixed [hexstring](../bytes). Returns the value of *bignumber* as a base-16, `0x`-prefixed [hexstring](../bytes).
@ -296,7 +333,11 @@ Returns true if and only if the *object* is a BigNumber object.
```javascript ```javascript
Skipping JavaScript Evaluation. let a = BigNumber.from(42);
let b = BigNumber.from("91");
a.mul(b);
// { BigNumber: "3822" }
``` ```
@ -328,7 +369,8 @@ To demonstrate how this may be an issue in your code, consider:
```javascript ```javascript
Skipping JavaScript Evaluation. (Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER + 2 - 2) == (Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER)
// false
``` ```
@ -344,4 +386,4 @@ mathematical operations handled safely.
----- -----
**Content Hash:** 76be4f72801f0d772c1ebe1acff4c41f6d52ed96f603de4b168f12d099470273 **Content Hash:** 8aa8cbe047d299ae822c3d322def66e29bbbd395d1c9bad59c61c97432d83ffa

File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long

@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ binary data as a string.
### Hexstring ### Hexstring
A **hexstring** is a string which has a `0x` prefix followed by any A **Hexstring** is a string which has a `0x` prefix followed by any
number of nibbles (i.e. case-insensitive hexidecumal characters, `0-9` and `a-f`). number of nibbles (i.e. case-insensitive hexidecumal characters, `0-9` and `a-f`).
@ -56,15 +56,23 @@ number of nibbles (i.e. case-insensitive hexidecumal characters, `0-9` and `a-f`
* **r** and **s** --- The x co-ordinate of **r** and the **s** value of the signature * **r** and **s** --- The x co-ordinate of **r** and the **s** value of the signature
* **v** --- The parity of the y co-ordinate of **r** * **v** --- The parity of the y co-ordinate of **r**
* **_vs** --- The [compact representation](https://link_here) of the **(r, s)** and **v** * **_vs** --- The [compact representation](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098) of the **s** and **v**
* **recoveryParam** --- The normalized (i.e. 0 or 1) value of **v** * **recoveryParam** --- The normalized (i.e. 0 or 1) value of **v**
### Flat-Format Signature
A **Flat-Format Signature** is a common Signature format where
the r, s and v are concanenated into a 65 byte (130 nibble)
[DataHexstring](./).
### SignatureLike ### SignatureLike
A **SignatureLike** is similar to a [Signature](./), except redundant properties A **SignatureLike** is similar to a [Signature](./), except redundant properties
may be omitted. may be omitted or it may be a [Flat-Format Signature](./).
For example, if **_vs** is specified, **s** and **v** may be omitted. Likewise, For example, if **_vs** is specified, **s** and **v** may be omitted. Likewise,
if **recoveryParam** is provided, **v** may be omitted (as in these cases the if **recoveryParam** is provided, **v** may be omitted (as in these cases the
@ -111,14 +119,14 @@ Converts *datahexstringOrArrayish* to a Uint8Array.
#### *utils* . **hexlify** ( hexstringOrArrayish ) **=>** *string* #### *utils* . **hexlify** ( hexstringOrArrayish ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](./) >*
Converts *hexstringOrArrayish* to a [DataHexstring](./). Converts *hexstringOrArrayish* to a [DataHexstring](./).
#### *utils* . **hexValue** ( aBigNumberish ) **=>** *string* #### *utils* . **hexValue** ( aBigNumberish ) **=>** *string< [Hexstring](./) >*
Converts *aBigNumberish* to a [Hexstring](./), with no *unnecessary* leading Converts *aBigNumberish* to a [Hexstring](./), with no *unnecessary* leading
zeros. zeros.
@ -131,7 +139,29 @@ zeros.
```javascript ```javascript
Skipping JavaScript Evaluation. // Convert a hexstring to a Uint8Array
arrayify("0x1234")
// [ 18, 52 ]
// Convert an Array to a hexstring
hexlify([1, 2, 3, 4])
// 0x01020304
// Convert an Object to a hexstring
hexlify({ length: 2, "0": 1, "1": 2 })
// 0x0102
// Convert an Array to a hexstring
hexlify([ 1 ])
// 0x01
// Convert a number to a stripped hex value
hexValue(1)
// 0x1
// Convert an Array to a stripped hex value
hexValue([ 1, 2 ])
// 0x102
``` ```
@ -171,21 +201,21 @@ Hexstring Manipulation
#### *utils* . **hexConcat** ( arrayOfBytesLike ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](./)* #### *utils* . **hexConcat** ( arrayOfBytesLike ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](./) >*
Concatenates all the [BytesLike](./) in *arrayOfBytesLike* into a single [DataHexstring](./) Concatenates all the [BytesLike](./) in *arrayOfBytesLike* into a single [DataHexstring](./)
#### *utils* . **hexDataLength** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](./)* #### *utils* . **hexDataLength** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](./) >*
Returns the length (in bytes) of *aBytesLike*. Returns the length (in bytes) of *aBytesLike*.
#### *utils* . **hexDataSlice** ( aBytesLike , offset [ , endOffset ] ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](./)* #### *utils* . **hexDataSlice** ( aBytesLike , offset [ , endOffset ] ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](./) >*
Returns a [DataHexstring](./) representation of a slice of *aBytesLike*, from Returns a [DataHexstring](./) representation of a slice of *aBytesLike*, from
*offset* (in bytes) to *endOffset* (in bytes). If *endOffset* is *offset* (in bytes) to *endOffset* (in bytes). If *endOffset* is
@ -194,7 +224,7 @@ omitted, the length of *aBytesLike* is used.
#### *utils* . **hexStripZeros** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *[Hexstring](./)* #### *utils* . **hexStripZeros** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *string< [Hexstring](./) >*
Returns a [Hexstring](./) representation of *aBytesLike* with all Returns a [Hexstring](./) representation of *aBytesLike* with all
leading zeros removed. leading zeros removed.
@ -202,7 +232,7 @@ leading zeros removed.
#### *utils* . **hexZeroPad** ( aBytesLike , length ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](./)* #### *utils* . **hexZeroPad** ( aBytesLike , length ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](./) >*
Returns a [DataHexstring](./) representation of *aBytesLike* padded to *length* bytes. Returns a [DataHexstring](./) representation of *aBytesLike* padded to *length* bytes.
@ -217,7 +247,7 @@ Signature Conversion
#### *utils* . **joinSignature** ( aSignatureLike ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](./)* #### *utils* . **joinSignature** ( aSignatureLike ) **=>** *string< [FlatSignature](./) >*
Return the flat-format of *aSignaturelike*, which is 65 bytes (130 nibbles) Return the flat-format of *aSignaturelike*, which is 65 bytes (130 nibbles)
long, concatenating the **r**, **s** and (normalized) **v** of a Signature. long, concatenating the **r**, **s** and (normalized) **v** of a Signature.
@ -235,4 +265,4 @@ Any missing properties will be computed.
----- -----
**Content Hash:** fce7a8c85402ef3d94ffe261157fa3e0644c5c5d0641d9de7820a9a798bcb6c7 **Content Hash:** ef5d3728657f7c650f7531071145048e55ee632bd0fe4ee01b6d11a1e9b1c39b

File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long

@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ The **ethers.contants** Object contains commonly used values.
```javascript ```javascript
Skipping JavaScript Evaluation. //const { constants } = require("ethers");
// const { constants } = require("@ethersproject/constants");
``` ```
@ -27,14 +28,14 @@ Bytes
#### *constants* . **AddressZero** **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *constants* . **AddressZero** **=>** *string< [Address](../address) >*
The Address Zero, which is 20 bytes (40 nibbles) of zero. The Address Zero, which is 20 bytes (40 nibbles) of zero.
#### *constants* . **HashZero** **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *constants* . **HashZero** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 32 > >*
The Hash Zero, which is 32 bytes (64 nibbles) of zero. The Hash Zero, which is 32 bytes (64 nibbles) of zero.
@ -103,4 +104,4 @@ The BigNumber value representing the maximum `uint256` value.
----- -----
**Content Hash:** 11a9a2e37a2a553b79931caf5374bcd894edf343a897c4253ddeaf4d2f8e1213 **Content Hash:** 622800454a6a66b0fc5bbd1aa149f58e00727d81f05a8d32f3eb7be9e1abbf8d

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@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
Encoding Utilities
==================
#### *utils* . *base58* . **decode** ( textData ) **=>** *Uin8Array*
Return a typed Uint8Array representation of *textData* decoded using
base-58 encoding.
#### *utils* . *base58* . **encode** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *string*
Return *aBytesLike* encoded as a string using the base-58 encoding.
#### *utils* . *base64* . **decode** ( textData ) **=>** *Uin8Array*
Return a typed Uint8Array representation of *textData* decoded using
base-64 encoding.
#### *utils* . *base64* . **encode** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *string*
Return *aBytesLike* encoded as a string using the base-64 encoding.
-----
**Content Hash:** a4f4ef6d28d4fde749cce30bb537f6ad3d6d0ae6070623757c75091441523f4e

File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long

@ -10,15 +10,83 @@ FixedNumber
Types FixedFormat
----- -----------
A **FixedFormat** is a simple object which represents a decimal
(base-10) Fixed-Point data representation. Usually using this
class directly is uneccessary, as passing in a [Format Strings](./)
directly into the [FixedNumber](./) will automatically create this.
### Format Strings
A format string is composed of three components, including signed-ness,
bit-width and number of decimals.
A signed format string begins with `fixed`, which an unsigned format
string begins with `ufixed`, followed by the width (in bits) and the
number of decimals.
The width must be conguent to 0 mod 8 (i.e. `(width % 8) == 0`) and no
larger than 256 bits and the number of decimals must be no larger than 80.
For example:
### FixedFormat * **fixed128x18** is signed, 128 bits wide and has 18 decimals; this is useful for most purposes
* **fixed32x0** is signed, 32 bits wide and has 0 decimals; this would be the same as a ``int32_t` in C
* **ufixed32x0** is unsigned, 32 bits wide and has 0 decimals; this would be the same as a ``uint32_t` in C
* **fixed** is shorthand for ``fixed128x18`
* **ufixed** is shorthand for ``ufixed128x18`
### Creating Instances
#### *FixedFormat* . **from** ( value="fixed128x18" ) **=>** *[FixedFormat](./)*
Returns a new instance of a **FixedFormat** defined by *value*. Any valid [Format Strings](./)
may be passed in as well as any object which has any of `signed`, `width` and `decimals`
defined, including a [FixedFormat](./) object.
### Properties
#### *fixedFormat* . **signed** **=>** *boolean*
#### *fixedFormat* . **width** **=>** *number*
#### *fixedFormat* . **decimals** **=>** *number*
#### *fixedFormat* . **name** **=>** *string*
TODO
#### ***"fixed"*** #### ***"fixed"***
@ -36,21 +104,21 @@ The FixedNumber constructor cannot be called directly. There are several
static methods for creating a FixedNumber. static methods for creating a FixedNumber.
#### *BigNumber* . **from** ( value [ , format="fixed" ] ) **=>** *[FixedNumber](./)* #### *FixedNumber* . **from** ( value [ , format="fixed" ] ) **=>** *[FixedNumber](./)*
Returns an instance of a **FixedNumber** for *value* as a *format*. Returns an instance of a **FixedNumber** for *value* as a *format*.
#### *BigNumber* . **fromBytes** ( aBytesLike [ , format="fixed" ] ) **=>** *[FixedNumber](./)* #### *FixedNumber* . **fromBytes** ( aBytesLike [ , format="fixed" ] ) **=>** *[FixedNumber](./)*
Returns an instance of a **FixedNumber** for *value* as a *format*. Returns an instance of a **FixedNumber** for *value* as a *format*.
#### *BigNumber* . **fromString** ( value [ , format="fixed" ] ) **=>** *[FixedNumber](./)* #### *FixedNumber* . **fromString** ( value [ , format="fixed" ] ) **=>** *[FixedNumber](./)*
Returns an instance of a **FixedNumber** for *value* as a *format*. The *value* must Returns an instance of a **FixedNumber** for *value* as a *format*. The *value* must
not contain more decimals than the *format* permits. not contain more decimals than the *format* permits.
@ -58,7 +126,7 @@ not contain more decimals than the *format* permits.
#### *BigNumber* . **fromValue** ( value [ , decimals=0 [ , format="fixed" ] ] ) **=>** *[FixedNumber](./)* #### *FixedNumber* . **fromValue** ( value [ , decimals=0 [ , format="fixed" ] ] ) **=>** *[FixedNumber](./)*
Returns an instance of a **FixedNumber** for *value* with *decimals* as a *format*. Returns an instance of a **FixedNumber** for *value* with *decimals* as a *format*.
@ -158,7 +226,7 @@ Due to rounding in JavaScript numbers, the value is only approximate.
#### *BigNumber* . **isFixedNumber** ( value ) **=>** *boolean* #### *FixedNumber* . **isFixedNumber** ( value ) **=>** *boolean*
Returns true if and only if *value* is a **FixedNumber**. Returns true if and only if *value* is a **FixedNumber**.
@ -167,4 +235,4 @@ Returns true if and only if *value* is a **FixedNumber**.
----- -----
**Content Hash:** e58731f51c5fe088aa89a78c7649ec914dce2d65dac9c1de3c4b3a89c911b46b **Content Hash:** bb1362f52031bfae2d988bdc25d31a560da087c2eba5988d70fa40e659766960

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@ -20,35 +20,35 @@ The [Cryptographic Hash Functions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_h
are a specific family of hash functions. are a specific family of hash functions.
#### *utils* . **keccak256** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **keccak256** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 32 > >*
Returns the [KECCAK256](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-3) digest *aBytesLike*. Returns the [KECCAK256](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-3) digest *aBytesLike*.
#### *utils* . **ripemd160** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **ripemd160** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 20 > >*
Returns the [RIPEMD-160](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/RIPEMD) digest of *aBytesLike*. Returns the [RIPEMD-160](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/RIPEMD) digest of *aBytesLike*.
#### *utils* . **sha256** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **sha256** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 32 > >*
Returns the [SHA2-256](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2) digest of *aBytesLike*. Returns the [SHA2-256](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2) digest of *aBytesLike*.
#### *utils* . **sha512** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **sha512** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 64 > >*
Returns the [SHA2-512](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2) digest of *aBytesLike*. Returns the [SHA2-512](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2) digest of *aBytesLike*.
#### *utils* . **computeHmac** ( algorithm , key , data ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **computeHmac** ( algorithm , key , data ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes) >*
Returns the [HMAC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC) of *data* with *key* Returns the [HMAC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC) of *data* with *key*
using the [Algorithm](./) *algorithm*. using the [Algorithm](./) *algorithm*.
@ -60,14 +60,14 @@ using the [Algorithm](./) *algorithm*.
#### *utils* . *SupportedAlgorithms* . **sha256** **=>** *string* #### *ethers* . *utils* . *SupportedAlgorithm* . **sha256** **=>** *string*
Use the [SHA2-256](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2) hash algorithm. Use the [SHA2-256](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2) hash algorithm.
#### *utils* . *SupportedAlgorithms* . **sha512** **=>** *string* #### *ethers* . *utils* . *SupportedAlgorithm* . **sha512** **=>** *string*
Use the [SHA2-512](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2) hash algorithm. Use the [SHA2-512](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2) hash algorithm.
@ -79,23 +79,23 @@ Common Hashing Helpers
#### *utils* . **hashMessage** ( message ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **hashMessage** ( message ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 32 > >*
Computes the Ethereum message digest of *message*. Ethereum messages are Computes the Ethereum message digest of *message*. Ethereum messages are
converted to UTF-8 bytes and prefixed with `x19Ethereum Signed Message:` converted to UTF-8 bytes and prefixed with `\x19Ethereum Signed Message:`
and the length of *message*. and the length of *message*.
#### *utils* . **id** ( text ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **id** ( text ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 32 > >*
The Ethereum Identity function computs the keccak256 hash of the *text* bytes. The Ethereum Identity function computs the keccak256 hash of the *text* bytes.
#### *utils* . **namehash** ( name ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **namehash** ( name ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 32 > >*
Returns the [ENS Namehash](https://docs.ens.domains/contract-api-reference/name-processing#hashing-names) of *name*. Returns the [ENS Namehash](https://docs.ens.domains/contract-api-reference/name-processing#hashing-names) of *name*.
@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ When using the Solidity `abi.packEncoded(...)` function, a non-standard
the tightly packing algorithm. the tightly packing algorithm.
#### *utils* . **solidityPack** ( arrayOfTypes , arrayOfValues ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **solidityPack** ( arrayOfTypes , arrayOfValues ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes) >*
Returns the non-standard encoded *arrayOfValues* packed according to Returns the non-standard encoded *arrayOfValues* packed according to
their respecive type in *arrayOfTypes*. their respecive type in *arrayOfTypes*.
@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ their respecive type in *arrayOfTypes*.
#### *utils* . **solidityKeccak256** ( arrayOfTypes , arrayOfValues ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **solidityKeccak256** ( arrayOfTypes , arrayOfValues ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 32 > >*
Returns the KECCAK256 of the non-standard encoded *arrayOfValues* packed Returns the KECCAK256 of the non-standard encoded *arrayOfValues* packed
according to their respective type in *arrayOfTypes*. according to their respective type in *arrayOfTypes*.
@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ according to their respective type in *arrayOfTypes*.
#### *utils* . **soliditySha256** ( arrayOfTypes , arrayOfValues ) **=>** *[DataHexstring](../bytes)* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **soliditySha256** ( arrayOfTypes , arrayOfValues ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 32 > >*
Returns the SHA2-256 of the non-standard encoded *arrayOfValues* packed Returns the SHA2-256 of the non-standard encoded *arrayOfValues* packed
according to their respective type in *arrayOfTypes*. according to their respective type in *arrayOfTypes*.
@ -137,4 +137,4 @@ according to their respective type in *arrayOfTypes*.
----- -----
**Content Hash:** 53b7b2b1fe243aebd3d5ff29c578538d0d068b0ff60b3426f7208cbf9f13d312 **Content Hash:** 2fd8814fdbe671ecc9c4aa5a9e248528f076bc34c0a1c26caef769d704d24b8b

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-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
Property Utilities
==================
#### *utils* . **resolveProperties** ( anObject ) **=>** *Promise< any >*
-----
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-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
Signing Key
===========
#### *ethers* . *utils* . **verifyMessage** ( message , signature ) **=>** *string< [Address](../address) >*
Returns the address that signed *message* producing *signature*. The
signature may have a non-canonical v (i.e. does not need to be 27 or 28),
in which case it will be normalized to compute the `recoveryParam` which
will then be used to compute the address; this allows systems which use
the v to encode additional data (such as [EIP-155](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-155))
to be used since the v parameter is still completely non-ambiguous.
-----
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@ -35,14 +35,14 @@ since UTF-8 requires multiple bytes to encode international characters.
#### *utils* . **parseBytes32String** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *string* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **parseBytes32String** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *string*
Returns the decoded string represented by the `Bytes32` encoded data. Returns the decoded string represented by the `Bytes32` encoded data.
#### *utils* . **formatBytes32String** ( text ) **=>** *string* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **formatBytes32String** ( text ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 32 > >*
Returns a `bytes32` string representation of *text*. If the Returns a `bytes32` string representation of *text*. If the
length of *text* exceeds 31 bytes, it will throw an error. length of *text* exceeds 31 bytes, it will throw an error.
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ UTF-8 Strings
#### *utils* . **toUtf8Bytes** ( text [ , form=current ] ) **=>** *Uint8Array* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **toUtf8Bytes** ( text [ , form=current ] ) **=>** *Uint8Array*
Returns the UTF-8 bytes of *text*, optionally normalizing it using the Returns the UTF-8 bytes of *text*, optionally normalizing it using the
[UnicodeNormalizationForm](./) *form*. [UnicodeNormalizationForm](./) *form*.
@ -63,12 +63,17 @@ Returns the UTF-8 bytes of *text*, optionally normalizing it using the
#### *utils* . **toUtf8CodePoints** ( aBytesLike [ , form=current ] ) **=>** *Array< number >* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **toUtf8CodePoints** ( text [ , form=current ] ) **=>** *Array< number >*
Returns the Array of codepoints of *aBytesLike*, optionally normalizing it using the Returns the Array of codepoints of *text*, optionally normalized using the
[UnicodeNormalizationForm](./) *form*. [UnicodeNormalizationForm](./) *form*.
**Note:** This function correctly splits each user-perceived character into
#### Note
This function correctly splits each **user-perceived character** into
its codepoint, accounting for surrogate pairs. This should not be confused with its codepoint, accounting for surrogate pairs. This should not be confused with
`string.split("")`, which destroys surrogate pairs, spliting between each UTF-16 `string.split("")`, which destroys surrogate pairs, spliting between each UTF-16
codeunit instead. codeunit instead.
@ -76,16 +81,19 @@ codeunit instead.
#### *utils* . **toUtf8String** ( aBytesLike [ , ignoreErrors=false ] ) **=>** *string* #### *ethers* . *utils* . **toUtf8String** ( aBytesLike [ , onError=error ] ) **=>** *string*
Returns the string represented by the UTF-8 bytes of *aBytesLike*. This will Returns the string represented by the UTF-8 bytes of *aBytesLike*.
throw an error for invalid surrogates, overlong sequences or other UTF-8 issues,
unless *ignoreErrors* is specified. The *onError* is a [Custom UTF-8 Error function](./) and if not specified
it defaults to the [error](./) function, which throws an error
on **any** UTF-8 error.
### UnicodeNormalizationForm UnicodeNormalizationForm
------------------------
There are several [commonly used forms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_equivalence) There are several [commonly used forms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_equivalence)
@ -93,14 +101,14 @@ when normalizing UTF-8 data, which allow strings to be compared or hashed in a s
way. way.
#### *utils* . *UnicodeNormalizationForm* . **current** #### *ethers* . *utils* . *UnicodeNormalizationForm* . **current**
Maintain the current normalization form. Maintain the current normalization form.
#### *utils* . *UnicodeNormalizationForm* . **NFC** #### *ethers* . *utils* . *UnicodeNormalizationForm* . **NFC**
The Composed Normalization Form. This form uses single codepoints The Composed Normalization Form. This form uses single codepoints
which represent the fully composed character. which represent the fully composed character.
@ -110,7 +118,7 @@ For example, the **&eacute;** is a single codepoint, `0x00e9`.
#### *utils* . *UnicodeNormalizationForm* . **NFD** #### *ethers* . *utils* . *UnicodeNormalizationForm* . **NFD**
The Decomposed Normalization Form. This form uses multiple codepoints The Decomposed Normalization Form. This form uses multiple codepoints
(when necessary) to compose a character. (when necessary) to compose a character.
@ -123,7 +131,7 @@ indicates the previous character should have an acute accent.
#### *utils* . *UnicodeNormalizationForm* . **NFKC** #### *ethers* . *utils* . *UnicodeNormalizationForm* . **NFKC**
The Composed Normalization Form with Canonical Equivalence. The Canonical The Composed Normalization Form with Canonical Equivalence. The Canonical
representation folds characters which have the same syntactic representation representation folds characters which have the same syntactic representation
@ -135,7 +143,7 @@ codepoint `"0x2160"`, is folded into the capital letter I, `"0x0049"`.
#### *utils* . *UnicodeNormalizationForm* . **NFKD** #### *ethers* . *utils* . *UnicodeNormalizationForm* . **NFKD**
The Decomposed Normalization Form with Canonical Equivalence. The Decomposed Normalization Form with Canonical Equivalence.
See NFKC for more an example. See NFKC for more an example.
@ -152,6 +160,145 @@ it should **not** be considered a method to acheive *any* level of security from
Custom UTF-8 Error Handling
---------------------------
When converting a string to its codepoints, there is the possibility
of invalid byte sequences. Since certain situations may need specific
ways to handle UTF-8 errors, a custom error handling function can be used,
which has the signature:
#### **errorFunction** ( reason , offset , bytes , output [ , badCodepoint ] ) **=>** *number*
The *reason* is one of the [UTF-8 Error Reasons](./), *offset* is the index
into *bytes* where the error was first encountered, output is the list
of codepoints already processed (and may be modified) and in certain Error
Reasons, the *badCodepoint* indicates the currently computed codepoint,
but which would be rejected because its value is invalid.
This function should return the number of bytes to skip past keeping in
mind the value at *offset* will already be consumed.
### UTF-8 Error Reasons
#### *ethers* . *utils* . *Utf8ErrorReason* . **BAD_PREFIX**
A byte was encountered which is invalid to begin a UTF-8 byte
sequence with.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . *Utf8ErrorReason* . **MISSING_CONTINUE**
A UTF-8 sequence was begun, but did not have enough continuation
bytes for the sequence. For this error the *ofset* is the index
at which a continuation byte was expected.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . *Utf8ErrorReason* . **OUT_OF_RANGE**
The computed codepoint is outside the range for valid UTF-8
codepoints (i.e. the codepoint is greater than 0x10ffff).
This reason will pass the computed *badCountpoint* into
the custom error function.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . *Utf8ErrorReason* . **OVERLONG**
Due to the way UTF-8 allows variable length byte sequences
to be used, it is possible to have multiple representations
of the same character, which means
[overlong sequences](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8#Overlong_encodings)
allow for a non-distinguished string to be formed, which can
impact security as multiple strings that are otherwise
equal can have different hashes.
Generally, overlong sequences are an attempt to circumvent
some part of security, but in rare cases may be produced by
lazy libraries or used to encode the null terminating
character in a way that is safe to include in a `char*`.
This reason will pass the computed *badCountpoint* into the
custom error function, which is actually a valid codepoint, just
one that was arrived at through unsafe methods.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . *Utf8ErrorReason* . **OVERRUN**
The string does not have enough characters remaining for the
length of this sequence.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . *Utf8ErrorReason* . **UNEXPECTED_CONTINUE**
This error is similar to BAD_PREFIX, since a continuation byte
cannot begin a valid sequence, but many may wish to process this
differently. However, most developers would want to trap this
and perform the same operation as a BAD_PREFIX.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . *Utf8ErrorReason* . **UTF16_SURROGATE**
The computed codepoint represents a value reserved for
UTF-16 surrogate pairs.
This reason will pass the computed surrogate half
*badCountpoint* into the custom error function.
### Provided UTF-8 Error Handling Functions
There are already several functions available for the most common
situations.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . *Utf8ErrorFuncs* . **error**
The will throw an error on **any** error with a UTF-8 sequence, including
invalid prefix bytes, overlong sequences, UTF-16 surrogate pairs.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . *Utf8ErrorFuncs* . **ignore**
This will drop all invalid sequences (by consuming invalid prefix bytes and
any following continuation bytes) from the final string as well as permit
overlong sequences to be converted to their equivalent string.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . *Utf8ErrorFuncs* . **replace**
This will replace all invalid sequences (by consuming invalid prefix bytes and
any following continuation bytes) with the
[UTF-8 Replacement Character](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specials_%28Unicode_block%29#Replacement_character),
(i.e. U+FFFD).
----- -----
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-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
Transactions
============
Types
-----
### UnsignedTransaction
An unsigned transaction represents a transaction that has not been signed.
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **to** **=>** *string< [Address](../address) >*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **nonce** **=>** *number*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **gasLimit** **=>** *[BigNumber](../bignumber)*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **gasPrice** **=>** *[BigNumber](../bignumber)*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **data** **=>** *[BytesLike](../bytes)*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **value** **=>** *[BigNumber](../bignumber)*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **chainId** **=>** *number*
### Transaction
A generic object to represent a transaction.
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **hash** **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes)< 32 > >*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **to** **=>** *string< [Address](../address) >*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **from** **=>** *string< [Address](../address) >*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **nonce** **=>** *number*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **gasLimit** **=>** *[BigNumber](../bignumber)*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **gasPrice** **=>** *[BigNumber](../bignumber)*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **data** **=>** *[BytesLike](../bytes)*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **value** **=>** *[BigNumber](../bignumber)*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **chainId** **=>** *number*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **r** **=>** *[BytesLike](../bytes)*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **s** **=>** *[BytesLike](../bytes)*
#### *unsignedTransaction* . **v** **=>** *number*
Functions
---------
#### *ethers* . *utils* . **computeAddress** ( publicOrPrivateKey ) **=>** *string< [Address](../address) >*
Compute the address of *publicOrPrivateKey*. If a public key is
provided, it may be either compressed or uncompressed.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . **parse** ( aBytesLike ) **=>** *[Transaction](./)*
Parses the transaction properties from a serialized transactions.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . **recoverAddress** ( digest , aSignatureLike ) **=>** *string< [Address](../address) >*
Computes the address that signed *digest* to get *aSignatureLike* using the
ecrecover algorithm.
#### *ethers* . *utils* . **serialize** ( transaction [ , signature ] ) **=>** *string< [DataHexstring](../bytes) >*
Computes the serialized *transaction/, optionally signed with *signature//. If
signature is not presented, the unsigned serialized transaction is returned, which can
be used to compute the hash necessary to sign.
This function uses EIP-155 if a chainId is provided, otherwise legacy serialization is
used. It is **highly** recommended to always specify a *chainId*.
-----
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-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
Command Line Interfaces
=======================
* [Sandbox Utility](ethers)
* [Help](ethers)
* [Examples](ethers)
* [Assembler](asm)
* [Help](asm)
* [Examples](asm)
* [ENS](ens)
* [Help](ens)
* [Examples](ens)
* [TypeScript](typescript)
* [Help](typescript)
* [Examples](typescript)
* [Making Your Own](plugin)
* [CLI](plugin)
* [Plugin](plugin)
* [ArgParser](plugin)
-----
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-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
Assembler
=========
The assembler Command-Line utility allows you to assemble EVM asm files
into deployable bytecode and disassemle EVM bytecode into human-readable
mnemonics.
Help
----
```
Usage:
ethers-asm [ FILENAME ] [ OPTIONS ]
OPTIONS
--disassemble Disassemble input bytecode
--define KEY=VALUE provide assembler defines
OTHER OPTIONS
--debug Show stack traces for errors
--help Show this usage and exit
--version Show this version and exit
```
Examples
--------
TODO examples
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-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
ENS
===
Help
----
```
Usage:
ethers-ens COMMAND [ ARGS ] [ OPTIONS ]
COMMANDS
lookup [ NAME | ADDRESS [ ... ] ]
Lookup a name or address
commit NAME Submit a pre-commitment
[ --duration DAYS ] Register duration (default: 365 days)
[ --salt SALT ] SALT to blind the commit with
[ --secret SECRET ] Use id(SECRET) as the salt
[ --owner OWNER ] The target owner (default: current account)
reveal NAME Reveal a previous pre-commitment
[ --duration DAYS ] Register duration (default: 365 days)
[ --salt SALT ] SALT to blind the commit with
[ --secret SECRET ] Use id(SECRET) as the salt
[ --owner OWNER ] The target owner (default: current account)
set-controller NAME Set the controller (default: current account)
[ --address ADDRESS ] Specify another address
set-subnode NAME Set a subnode owner (default: current account)
[ --address ADDRESS ] Specify another address
set-resolver NAME Set the resolver (default: resolver.eth)
[ --address ADDRESS ] Specify another address
set-addr NAME Set the addr record (default: current account)
[ --address ADDRESS ] Specify another address
set-text NAME KEY VALUE Set a text record
set-email NAME EMAIL Set the email text record
set-website NAME URL Set the website text record
set-content NAME HASH Set the IPFS Content Hash
migrate-registrar NAME Migrate from the Legacy to the Permanent Registrar
transfer NAME NEW_OWNER Transfer registrant ownership
reclaim NAME Reset the controller by the registrant
[ --address ADDRESS ] Specify another address
ACCOUNT OPTIONS
--account FILENAME Load from a file (JSON, RAW or mnemonic)
--account RAW_KEY Use a private key (insecure *)
--account 'MNEMONIC' Use a mnemonic (insecure *)
--account - Use secure entry for a raw key or mnemonic
--account-void ADDRESS Use an address as a void signer
--account-void ENS_NAME Add the resolved address as a void signer
--account-rpc ADDRESS Add the address from a JSON-RPC provider
--account-rpc INDEX Add the index from a JSON-RPC provider
--mnemonic-password Prompt for a password for mnemonics
--xxx-mnemonic-password Prompt for a (experimental) hard password
PROVIDER OPTIONS (default: all + homestead)
--alchemy Include Alchemy
--etherscan Include Etherscan
--infura Include INFURA
--nodesmith Include nodesmith
--rpc URL Include a custom JSON-RPC
--offline Dump signed transactions (no send)
--network NETWORK Network to connect to (default: homestead)
TRANSACTION OPTIONS (default: query network)
--gasPrice GWEI Default gas price for transactions(in wei)
--gasLimit GAS Default gas limit for transactions
--nonce NONCE Initial nonce for the first transaction
--yes Always accept Siging and Sending
OTHER OPTIONS
--wait Wait until transactions are mined
--debug Show stack traces for errors
--help Show this usage and exit
--version Show this version and exit
(*) By including mnemonics or private keys on the command line they are
possibly readable by other users on your system and may get stored in
your bash history file. This is NOT recommended.
```
Examples
--------
TODO examples
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-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
Sandbox Utility
===============
The sandbox utility provides a simple way to use the most common
ethers utilities required during learning, debuging and managing
interactions with the Ethereum network.
If no command is given, it will enter a REPL interface with many
of the ethers utilities already exposed.
Help
----
```
Usage:
ethers [ COMMAND ] [ ARGS ] [ OPTIONS ]
COMMANDS (default: sandbox)
sandbox Run a REPL VM environment with ethers
init FILENAME Create a new JSON wallet
[ --force ] Overwrite any existing files
fund TARGET Fund TARGET with testnet ether
info [ TARGET ... ] Dump info for accounts, addresses and ENS names
send TARGET ETHER Send ETHER ether to TARGET form accounts[0]
[ --allow-zero ] Allow sending to the address zero
[ --data DATA ] Include data in the transaction
sweep TARGET Send all ether from accounts[0] to TARGET
sign-message MESSAGE Sign a MESSAGE with accounts[0]
[ --hex ] The message content is hex encoded
eval CODE Run CODE in a VM with ethers
run FILENAME Run FILENAME in a VM with ethers
wait HASH Wait for a transaction HASH to be mined
wrap-ether VALUE Deposit VALUE into Wrapped Ether (WETH)
unwrap-ether VALUE Withdraw VALUE from Wrapped Ether (WETH)
send-token TOKEN ADDRESS VALUE
Send VALUE tokens (at TOKEN) to ADDRESS
compile FILENAME Compiles a Solidity contract
[ --no-optimize ] Do not optimize the compiled output
[ --warnings ] Error on any warning
deploy FILENAME Compile and deploy a Solidity contract
[ --no-optimize ] Do not optimize the compiled output
[ --contract NAME ] Specify the contract to deploy
ACCOUNT OPTIONS
--account FILENAME Load from a file (JSON, RAW or mnemonic)
--account RAW_KEY Use a private key (insecure *)
--account 'MNEMONIC' Use a mnemonic (insecure *)
--account - Use secure entry for a raw key or mnemonic
--account-void ADDRESS Use an address as a void signer
--account-void ENS_NAME Add the resolved address as a void signer
--account-rpc ADDRESS Add the address from a JSON-RPC provider
--account-rpc INDEX Add the index from a JSON-RPC provider
--mnemonic-password Prompt for a password for mnemonics
--xxx-mnemonic-password Prompt for a (experimental) hard password
PROVIDER OPTIONS (default: all + homestead)
--alchemy Include Alchemy
--etherscan Include Etherscan
--infura Include INFURA
--nodesmith Include nodesmith
--rpc URL Include a custom JSON-RPC
--offline Dump signed transactions (no send)
--network NETWORK Network to connect to (default: homestead)
TRANSACTION OPTIONS (default: query network)
--gasPrice GWEI Default gas price for transactions(in wei)
--gasLimit GAS Default gas limit for transactions
--nonce NONCE Initial nonce for the first transaction
--yes Always accept Siging and Sending
OTHER OPTIONS
--wait Wait until transactions are mined
--debug Show stack traces for errors
--help Show this usage and exit
--version Show this version and exit
(*) By including mnemonics or private keys on the command line they are
possibly readable by other users on your system and may get stored in
your bash history file. This is NOT recommended.
```
Examples
--------
### Creating Wallets
```
/home/ethers> ethers init wallet.json
Creating a new JSON Wallet - wallet.json
Keep this password and file SAFE!! If lost or forgotten
it CANNOT be recovered, by ANYone, EVER.
Choose a password: ******
Confirm password: ******
Encrypting... 100%
New account address: 0x485bcC23ae2E5038ec7ec9b8DCB2A6A6291cC003
Saved: wallet.json
# If you are planning to try out the Ropsten testnet...
/home/ethers> ethers --network ropsten fund 0x485bcC23ae2E5038ec7ec9b8DCB2A6A6291cC003
Transaction Hash: 0x8dc55b8f8dc8076acded97f9e3ed7d6162460c0221e2769806006b6d7d1156e0
```
### Sending Ether and Tokens
```
# Sending ether
/home/ricmoo> ethers --account wallet.json send ricmoo.firefly.eth 0.123
Password (wallet.json): ******
Decrypting... 100%
Transaction:
To: 0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72
From: 0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C
Value: 0.123 ether
Nonce: 96
Data: 0x
Gas Limit: 21000
Gas Price: 1.2 gwei
Chain ID: 1
Network: homestead
Send Transaction? (y/N/a) y
Response:
Hash: 0xc4adf8b379033d7ab679d199aa35e6ceee9a802ca5ab0656af067e911c4a589a
# Sending a token (SAI)
# NOTE: the contract address could be used instead but
# popular token contract addresses are also managed
# by ethers
/home/ricmoo> ethers --account wallet.json send-token sai.tokens.ethers.eth ricmoo.firefly.eth 1.0
Sending Tokens:
To: 0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72
Token Contract: 0x89d24A6b4CcB1B6fAA2625fE562bDD9a23260359
Value: 1.0
Password (wallet.json): ******
Decrypting... 100%
Transaction:
To: 0x89d24A6b4CcB1B6fAA2625fE562bDD9a23260359
From: 0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C
Value: 0.0 ether
Nonce: 95
Data: 0xa9059cbb0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba720000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000
Gas Limit: 37538
Gas Price: 1.0 gwei
Chain ID: 1
Network: homestead
Send Transaction? (y/N/a) y
Response:
Hash: 0xd609ecb7e3b5e8d36fd781dffceede3975ece6774b6322ea56cf1e4d0a17e3a1
```
### Signing Messages
```
/home/ethers> ethers --account wallet.json sign-message 'Hello World'
Password (wallet.json): ******
Decrypting... 100%
Message:
Message: "Hello World"
Message (hex): 0x48656c6c6f20576f726c64
Sign Message? (y/N/a) y
Signature
Flat: 0xca3f0b32a22a5ab97ca8be7e4a36b1e81d565c6822465d769f4faa4aa24539fb122ee5649c8a37c9f5fc8446593674159e3a7b039997cd6ee697a24b787b1a161b
r: 0xca3f0b32a22a5ab97ca8be7e4a36b1e81d565c6822465d769f4faa4aa24539fb
s: 0x122ee5649c8a37c9f5fc8446593674159e3a7b039997cd6ee697a24b787b1a16
vs: 0x122ee5649c8a37c9f5fc8446593674159e3a7b039997cd6ee697a24b787b1a16
v: 27
recid: 0
```
### Scripting
The `eval` command can be used to execute simple one-line scripts from
the command line to be passed into other commands or stored in script
environment variables.
```
# Get the formatted balance of an account
/home/ethers> ethers --network ropsten --account wallet.json eval 'accounts[0].getBalance().then(b => formatEther(b))'
3.141592653589793238
# Get the current block number
/home/ethers> ethers --network rinkeby eval "provider.getBlockNumber()"
5761009
# Convert a Solidity signature to JSON
/home/ethers> ethers eval 'utils.Fragment.from("function balanceOf(address owner) view returns (uint)").format("json")'
{"type":"function","name":"balanceOf","constant":true,"stateMutability":"view","payble":false,"inputs":[{"type":"address","name":"owner"}],"ouputs":[{"type":"uint256"}]}
# Compute a topic hash
/home/ricmoo> ethers eval 'id("Transfer(address,address,uint256")'
0xd99659a21de82e379975ce8df556f939a4ccb95e92144f38bb0dd35730ffcdd5
# Create a random mnemonic
/home/ricmoo> ethers eval 'Wallet.createRandom().mnemonic'
useful pond inch knock ritual matrix giggle attend dilemma convince coach amazing
```
### Using Mnemonics (with a password)
All mnemonic phrases have a password, but the default is to use the empty
string (i.e. `""`) as the password. If you have a password on your
mnemonic, the `--mnemonic-password` will prompt for the password to
use to decrypt the account.
```
/home/ricmoo> ethers --account public-mnemonic.txt --mnemonic-password
Password (mnemonic): ******
network: homestead (chainId: 1)
homestead> accounts[0].getAddress()
<Promise id=0 resolved>
'0x6d3F723EC1B73141AA4aC248c3ab34A5a1DAD776'
homestead>
```
### Using Mnemonics (with experimental memory-hard passwords)
The `--xxx-mnemonic-password` is similar to the `--mnemonic-password` options,
which uses a password to decrypt the account for a mnemonic, however it passes
the password through the [scrypt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrypt)
*password-based key derivation function* first, which is intentionally slow and makes
a brute-force attack far more difficult.
```
/home/ricmoo> ethers --account mnemonic.txt --xxx-mnemonic-password
Password (mnemonic; experimental - hard): ******
Decrypting... 100%
network: homestead (chainId: 1)
homestead> accounts[0].getAddress()
<Promise id=0 resolved>
'0x56FC8792cC17971C19bEC4Ced978beEA44711EeD'
homestead>
```
#### Note
This is still an experimental feature (hence the `xxx`).
-----
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@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
Making Your Own
===============
The *cli* library is meant to make it easy to create command
line utilities of your own.
CLI
---
A **CLI** handles parsing all the command-line flags, options and arguments
and instantiates a [Plugin](./) to process the command.
A **CLI** may support multiple [Plugin](./)'s in which case the first
argument is used to determine which to run (or if no arguments, the default
plugin will be selected) or may be designed to be standalone, in which case
exactly one [Plugin](./) will be used and no command argument is allowed.
#### **addPlugin** ( command , pluginClass ) **=>** *void*
Add a *plugin* class for the *command*. After all options and flags
have been consumed, the first argument will be consumed and the
associated plugin class will be instantiated and run.
#### **setPlugin** ( pluginClass ) **=>** *void*
Set a dedicated [Plugin](./) class which will handle all input. This
may not be used in conjuction with addPlugin and will not automatically
accept a command from the arguments.
#### **showUsage** ( [ message="" [ , status=0 ] ] ) **=>** *never*
Shows the usage help screen for the CLI and terminates.
#### **run** ( args ) **=>** *Promise< void >*
Usually the value of *args* passed in will be `process.argv.slice(2)`.
Plugin
------
Each **Plugin** manages each command of a CLI and is executed in phases.
If the usage (i.e. help) of a CLI is requested, the static methods `getHelp`
and `getOptionHelp` are used to geneate the help screen.
Otherwise, a plugin is instantiated and the `prepareOptions` is called. Each
plugin **must** call `super.prepareOptions`, otherwise the basic options are
not yet processed. During this time a Plugin should consume all the flags and
options it understands, since any left over flags or options will cause the
CLI to bail and issue an *unknown option* error. This should throw if a value
for a given option is invalid or some combination of options and flags is not
allowed.
Once the prepareOptions is complete (the returned promise is resolved), the `prepareArguments`
is called. This should validate the number of arguments is expected and throw
and error if there are too many or too few arguments or if any arguments do not
make sense.
Once the prepareArguments is complete (the returned promise is resolved), the `run`
is called.
#### *plugin* . **network** **=>** *[Network](../../api/providers/types)*
The network this plugin is running for.
#### *plugin* . **provider** **=>** *[Provider](../../api/providers/provider)*
The provider for this plugin is running for.
#### *plugin* . **accounts** **=>** *Array< [Signer](../../api/signer) >*
The accounts passed into the plugin using `--account`,
`--account-rpc` and `--account-void` which this plugin can use.
#### *plugin* . **gasLimit** **=>** *[BigNumber](../../api/utils/bignumber)*
The gas limit this plugin should use. This is null if unspecified.
#### *plugin* . **gasPrice** **=>** *[BigNumber](../../api/utils/bignumber)*
The gas price this plugin should use. This is null if unspecified.
#### *plugin* . **nonce** **=>** *number*
The initial nonce for the account this plugin should use.
### Methods
#### *plugin* . **prepareOptions** ( argParser [ , verifyOnly=false ] ) **=>** *Promise< void >*
#### *plugin* . **prepareArgs** ( args ) **=>** *Promise< void >*
#### *plugin* . **run** ( ) **=>** *Promise< void >*
#### *plugin* . **getAddress** ( addressOrName [ , message="" , [ allowZero=false ] ] ) **=>** *Promise< string >*
A plugin should use this method to resolve an address. If the resovled address is
the zero address and *allowZero* is not true, an error is raised.
#### *plugin* . **dump** ( header , info ) **=>** *void*
Dumps the contents of *info* to the console with a *header* in a nicely
formatted style. In the future, plugins may support a JSON output format
which will automatically work with this method.
#### *plugin* . **throwUsageError** ( [ message="" ] ) **=>** *never*
Stops exectuion of the plugin and shows the help screen of the plugin with
the optional *message*.
#### *plugin* . **throwError** ( message ) **=>** *never*
Stops execution of the plugin and shows *message*.
### Static Methods
#### *Plugin* . **getHelp** **=>** *Help*
Each subclass should implement this static method which is used to
generate the help screen.
#### *Plugin* . **getOptionHelp** **=>** *Array< Help >*
Each subclass should implement this static method if it supports
additional options which is used to generate the help screen.
ArgParser
---------
The **ArgParser** is used to parse a command line into flags, options
and arguments.
```
/home/ethers> ethers --account wallet.json --yes send ricmoo.eth 1.0
# An Option ----------^ ^ ^
# - name = "account" | |
# - value = "wallet.json" | |
# A Flag -----------------------------------+ |
# - name = "yes" |
# - value = true |
# Arguments ------------------------------------+
# - count = 3
# - [ "send", "ricmoo.eth", "1.0" ]
```
Flags are simple binary options (such as the `--yes`), which are true if present
otherwise false.
Options require a single parameter follow them on the command line
(such as `--account wallet.json`, which nhas the name `account` and the value
`wallet.json`)
Arguments are all other values on the command line, and are not accessed through
the **ArgParser** directly.
When a CLI is run, an **ArgParser** is used to validate the command line by using
prepareOptions, which consumes all flags and options leaving only the arguments
behind, which are then passed into prepareArgs.
#### *argParser* . **consumeFlag** ( name ) **=>** *boolean*
Remove the flag *name* and return true if it is present.
#### *argParser* . **consumeMultiOptions** ( names ) **=>** *Array< {name:string,value:string} >*
Remove all options which match any name in the Array of *names*
with their values returning the list (in order) of values.
#### *argParser* . **consumeOption** ( name ) **=>** *string*
Remove the option with its value for *name* and return the value. This
will throw a UsageError if the option is included multiple times.
#### *argParser* . **consumeOptions** ( name ) **=>** *Array< string >*
Remove all options with their values for *name* and return the list
(in order) of values.
-----
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-----
Documentation: [html](https://docs-beta.ethers.io/)
-----
TypeScript
==========
Help
----
```
Usage:
ethers-ts FILENAME [ ... ] [ OPTIONS ]
OPTIONS
--output FILENAME Write the output to FILENAME (default: stdout)
--force Overwrite files if they already exist
--no-optimize Do not run the solc optimizer
--no-bytecode Do not include bytecode and Factory methods
OTHER OPTIONS
--debug Show stack traces for errors
--help Show this usage and exit
--version Show this version and exit
(*) By including mnemonics or private keys on the command line they are
possibly readable by other users on your system and may get stored in
your bash history file. This is NOT recommended.
```
Examples
--------
TODO
-----
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@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ Concepts
This is a very breif overview of some aspects of *Ethereum* This is a very breif overview of some aspects of *Ethereum*
which developers can make use of or should be aware of. and blockchains which developers can make use of or should
be aware of.
* [Events](events) * [Events](events)
@ -22,4 +23,4 @@ which developers can make use of or should be aware of.
----- -----
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@ -32,12 +32,14 @@ itself have body.
``` ```
_DIRECTIVE: VALUE @<LINK> _DIRECTIVE: VALUE @<LINK> @META<PARAMETER>
BODY BODY
DIRECTIVE: The directive name DIRECTIVE: The directive name
VALUE: Optional; the value to pass to the directive VALUE: Optional; the value to pass to the directive
LINK: Optional; a name for internal linking LINK: Optional; a name for internal linking
META: Optional; extended directive functionality
PARAMETER: Optional; value to pass to extended directive functions
BODY: Optional; the directive body (certain directives only) BODY: Optional; the directive body (certain directives only)
``` ```
@ -91,6 +93,20 @@ markdown body is indented.
#### **_note:** *TITLE*
A *note* is placed in a blue bordered-box to draw attention to it.
#### **_warning:** *TITLE*
A *warning* is placed in an orange bordered-box to draw attention to it.
#### **_code:** *FILENAME* #### **_code:** *FILENAME*
A *code* reads the **FILENAME** and depending on the extension A *code* reads the **FILENAME** and depending on the extension
@ -147,10 +163,16 @@ _toc:
some-file some-file
some-directory some-directory
_definition and reset the indentation.
_note: Title
This is placed in a blue box.
_warning: Title
This is placed in an orange box.
_null: _null:
This breaks out of a directive. For example, to end a This breaks out of a directive. For example, to end a
_definition and reset the indentation.
``` ```
@ -193,6 +215,55 @@ This is a self-titled link [[https://ethereumorg]] and this
Configuration
-------------
Configuration is optional (but highly recommended) and may be either
a simple JSON file (config.json) or a JS file (config.js) placed in
the top of the source folder.
TODO: example JSON and example JS
Extended Directive Functions
----------------------------
### @INHERIT<markdown>
Adds an inherits description to a directive. The *markdown* may contain links.
This extended directive function is available for:
* _section
* _subsetion
* _heading
### @SRC<text>
Calls the configuration `getSourceUrl(text, VALUE)` to get a URL which
will be linked to by a link next to the *directive*.
This extended directive function requires an advanced `config.js` [Configuration](./)
file since it requires a JavaScript function.
This extended directive function is available for:
* _section
* _subsetion
* _heading
* _property
----- -----
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26
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@ -351,6 +351,8 @@ div.breadcrumbs span.current {
} }
.anchors a.source { .anchors a.source {
font-size: 14px;
font-weight: normal;
right: 0; right: 0;
opacity: 0.3; opacity: 0.3;
transform: translate(100%, -50%); transform: translate(100%, -50%);
@ -364,7 +366,14 @@ div.breadcrumbs span.current {
opacity: 1; opacity: 1;
} }
.inherits {
font-weight: normal;
font-size: 16px;
font-style: italic;
position: absolute;
letter-spacing: 0.1ex;
padding-left: 25px;
}
.definition { .definition {
margin: 10px 0 0 15px; margin: 10px 0 0 15px;
@ -381,12 +390,13 @@ div.breadcrumbs span.current {
.definition.container-box { .definition.container-box {
border-radius: 5px; border-radius: 5px;
left: 15px; left: 48px;
margin-bottom: 30px; margin-bottom: 30px;
margin-top: 30px; margin-top: 30px;
overflow: hidden;
padding: 0; padding: 0;
position: relative; position: relative;
width: 90%; width: 80%;
} }
.definition.container-box .term { .definition.container-box .term {
@ -398,7 +408,15 @@ div.breadcrumbs span.current {
.definition.container-box p { .definition.container-box p {
font-size: 16px; font-size: 16px;
padding: 10px 30px; padding: 0px 30px;
}
.definition.container-box p:first-child {
padding-top: 15px;
}
.definition.container-box p:last-child {
padding-bottom: 10px;
} }
.definition.container-box.note { .definition.container-box.note {

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