/** * Explain HD Wallets.. * * @_subsection: api/wallet:HD Wallets [hd-wallets] */ import { computeHmac, randomBytes, ripemd160, SigningKey, sha256 } from "../crypto/index.js"; import { VoidSigner } from "../providers/index.js"; import { computeAddress } from "../transaction/index.js"; import { concat, dataSlice, decodeBase58, defineProperties, encodeBase58, getBytes, hexlify, isBytesLike, getNumber, toBeArray, toBigInt, toBeHex, assertPrivate, assert, assertArgument } from "../utils/index.js"; import { LangEn } from "../wordlists/lang-en.js"; import { BaseWallet } from "./base-wallet.js"; import { Mnemonic } from "./mnemonic.js"; import { encryptKeystoreJson, encryptKeystoreJsonSync, } from "./json-keystore.js"; /** * The default derivation path for Ethereum HD Nodes. (i.e. ``"m/44'/60'/0'/0/0"``) */ export const defaultPath = "m/44'/60'/0'/0/0"; // "Bitcoin seed" const MasterSecret = new Uint8Array([66, 105, 116, 99, 111, 105, 110, 32, 115, 101, 101, 100]); const HardenedBit = 0x80000000; const N = BigInt("0xfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffebaaedce6af48a03bbfd25e8cd0364141"); const Nibbles = "0123456789abcdef"; function zpad(value, length) { let result = ""; while (value) { result = Nibbles[value % 16] + result; value = Math.trunc(value / 16); } while (result.length < length * 2) { result = "0" + result; } return "0x" + result; } function encodeBase58Check(_value) { const value = getBytes(_value); const check = dataSlice(sha256(sha256(value)), 0, 4); const bytes = concat([value, check]); return encodeBase58(bytes); } const _guard = {}; function ser_I(index, chainCode, publicKey, privateKey) { const data = new Uint8Array(37); if (index & HardenedBit) { assert(privateKey != null, "cannot derive child of neutered node", "UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION", { operation: "deriveChild" }); // Data = 0x00 || ser_256(k_par) data.set(getBytes(privateKey), 1); } else { // Data = ser_p(point(k_par)) data.set(getBytes(publicKey)); } // Data += ser_32(i) for (let i = 24; i >= 0; i -= 8) { data[33 + (i >> 3)] = ((index >> (24 - i)) & 0xff); } const I = getBytes(computeHmac("sha512", chainCode, data)); return { IL: I.slice(0, 32), IR: I.slice(32) }; } function derivePath(node, path) { const components = path.split("/"); assertArgument(components.length > 0 && (components[0] === "m" || node.depth > 0), "invalid path", "path", path); if (components[0] === "m") { components.shift(); } let result = node; for (let i = 0; i < components.length; i++) { const component = components[i]; if (component.match(/^[0-9]+'$/)) { const index = parseInt(component.substring(0, component.length - 1)); assertArgument(index < HardenedBit, "invalid path index", `path[${i}]`, component); result = result.deriveChild(HardenedBit + index); } else if (component.match(/^[0-9]+$/)) { const index = parseInt(component); assertArgument(index < HardenedBit, "invalid path index", `path[${i}]`, component); result = result.deriveChild(index); } else { assertArgument(false, "invalid path component", `path[${i}]`, component); } } return result; } /** * An **HDNodeWallet** is a [[Signer]] backed by the private key derived * from an HD Node using the [[link-bip-32]] stantard. * * An HD Node forms a hierarchal structure with each HD Node having a * private key and the ability to derive child HD Nodes, defined by * a path indicating the index of each child. */ export class HDNodeWallet extends BaseWallet { /** * The compressed public key. */ publicKey; /** * The fingerprint. * * A fingerprint allows quick qay to detect parent and child nodes, * but developers should be prepared to deal with collisions as it * is only 4 bytes. */ fingerprint; /** * The parent fingerprint. */ parentFingerprint; /** * The mnemonic used to create this HD Node, if available. * * Sources such as extended keys do not encode the mnemonic, in * which case this will be ``null``. */ mnemonic; /** * The chaincode, which is effectively a public key used * to derive children. */ chainCode; /** * The derivation path of this wallet. * * Since extended keys do not provider full path details, this * may be ``null``, if instantiated from a source that does not * enocde it. */ path; /** * The child index of this wallet. Values over ``2 *\* 31`` indicate * the node is hardened. */ index; /** * The depth of this wallet, which is the number of components * in its path. */ depth; /** * @private */ constructor(guard, signingKey, parentFingerprint, chainCode, path, index, depth, mnemonic, provider) { super(signingKey, provider); assertPrivate(guard, _guard, "HDNodeWallet"); defineProperties(this, { publicKey: signingKey.compressedPublicKey }); const fingerprint = dataSlice(ripemd160(sha256(this.publicKey)), 0, 4); defineProperties(this, { parentFingerprint, fingerprint, chainCode, path, index, depth }); defineProperties(this, { mnemonic }); } connect(provider) { return new HDNodeWallet(_guard, this.signingKey, this.parentFingerprint, this.chainCode, this.path, this.index, this.depth, this.mnemonic, provider); } #account() { const account = { address: this.address, privateKey: this.privateKey }; const m = this.mnemonic; if (this.path && m && m.wordlist.locale === "en" && m.password === "") { account.mnemonic = { path: this.path, locale: "en", entropy: m.entropy }; } return account; } /** * Resolves to a [JSON Keystore Wallet](json-wallets) encrypted with * %%password%%. * * If %%progressCallback%% is specified, it will receive periodic * updates as the encryption process progreses. */ async encrypt(password, progressCallback) { return await encryptKeystoreJson(this.#account(), password, { progressCallback }); } /** * Returns a [JSON Keystore Wallet](json-wallets) encryped with * %%password%%. * * It is preferred to use the [async version](encrypt) instead, * which allows a [[ProgressCallback]] to keep the user informed. * * This method will block the event loop (freezing all UI) until * it is complete, which may be a non-trivial duration. */ encryptSync(password) { return encryptKeystoreJsonSync(this.#account(), password); } /** * The extended key. * * This key will begin with the prefix ``xpriv`` and can be used to * reconstruct this HD Node to derive its children. */ get extendedKey() { // We only support the mainnet values for now, but if anyone needs // testnet values, let me know. I believe current sentiment is that // we should always use mainnet, and use BIP-44 to derive the network // - Mainnet: public=0x0488B21E, private=0x0488ADE4 // - Testnet: public=0x043587CF, private=0x04358394 assert(this.depth < 256, "Depth too deep", "UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION", { operation: "extendedKey" }); return encodeBase58Check(concat([ "0x0488ADE4", zpad(this.depth, 1), this.parentFingerprint, zpad(this.index, 4), this.chainCode, concat(["0x00", this.privateKey]) ])); } /** * Returns true if this wallet has a path, providing a Type Guard * that the path is non-null. */ hasPath() { return (this.path != null); } /** * Returns a neutered HD Node, which removes the private details * of an HD Node. * * A neutered node has no private key, but can be used to derive * child addresses and other public data about the HD Node. */ neuter() { return new HDNodeVoidWallet(_guard, this.address, this.publicKey, this.parentFingerprint, this.chainCode, this.path, this.index, this.depth, this.provider); } /** * Return the child for %%index%%. */ deriveChild(_index) { const index = getNumber(_index, "index"); assertArgument(index <= 0xffffffff, "invalid index", "index", index); // Base path let path = this.path; if (path) { path += "/" + (index & ~HardenedBit); if (index & HardenedBit) { path += "'"; } } const { IR, IL } = ser_I(index, this.chainCode, this.publicKey, this.privateKey); const ki = new SigningKey(toBeHex((toBigInt(IL) + BigInt(this.privateKey)) % N, 32)); return new HDNodeWallet(_guard, ki, this.fingerprint, hexlify(IR), path, index, this.depth + 1, this.mnemonic, this.provider); } /** * Return the HDNode for %%path%% from this node. */ derivePath(path) { return derivePath(this, path); } static #fromSeed(_seed, mnemonic) { assertArgument(isBytesLike(_seed), "invalid seed", "seed", "[REDACTED]"); const seed = getBytes(_seed, "seed"); assertArgument(seed.length >= 16 && seed.length <= 64, "invalid seed", "seed", "[REDACTED]"); const I = getBytes(computeHmac("sha512", MasterSecret, seed)); const signingKey = new SigningKey(hexlify(I.slice(0, 32))); return new HDNodeWallet(_guard, signingKey, "0x00000000", hexlify(I.slice(32)), "m", 0, 0, mnemonic, null); } /** * Creates a new HD Node from %%extendedKey%%. * * If the %%extendedKey%% will either have a prefix or ``xpub`` or * ``xpriv``, returning a neutered HD Node ([[HDNodeVoidWallet]]) * or full HD Node ([[HDNodeWallet) respectively. */ static fromExtendedKey(extendedKey) { const bytes = toBeArray(decodeBase58(extendedKey)); // @TODO: redact assertArgument(bytes.length === 82 || encodeBase58Check(bytes.slice(0, 78)) === extendedKey, "invalid extended key", "extendedKey", "[ REDACTED ]"); const depth = bytes[4]; const parentFingerprint = hexlify(bytes.slice(5, 9)); const index = parseInt(hexlify(bytes.slice(9, 13)).substring(2), 16); const chainCode = hexlify(bytes.slice(13, 45)); const key = bytes.slice(45, 78); switch (hexlify(bytes.slice(0, 4))) { // Public Key case "0x0488b21e": case "0x043587cf": { const publicKey = hexlify(key); return new HDNodeVoidWallet(_guard, computeAddress(publicKey), publicKey, parentFingerprint, chainCode, null, index, depth, null); } // Private Key case "0x0488ade4": case "0x04358394 ": if (key[0] !== 0) { break; } return new HDNodeWallet(_guard, new SigningKey(key.slice(1)), parentFingerprint, chainCode, null, index, depth, null, null); } assertArgument(false, "invalid extended key prefix", "extendedKey", "[ REDACTED ]"); } /** * Creates a new random HDNode. */ static createRandom(password, path, wordlist) { if (password == null) { password = ""; } if (path == null) { path = defaultPath; } if (wordlist == null) { wordlist = LangEn.wordlist(); } const mnemonic = Mnemonic.fromEntropy(randomBytes(16), password, wordlist); return HDNodeWallet.#fromSeed(mnemonic.computeSeed(), mnemonic).derivePath(path); } /** * Create an HD Node from %%mnemonic%%. */ static fromMnemonic(mnemonic, path) { if (!path) { path = defaultPath; } return HDNodeWallet.#fromSeed(mnemonic.computeSeed(), mnemonic).derivePath(path); } /** * Creates an HD Node from a mnemonic %%phrase%%. */ static fromPhrase(phrase, password, path, wordlist) { if (password == null) { password = ""; } if (path == null) { path = defaultPath; } if (wordlist == null) { wordlist = LangEn.wordlist(); } const mnemonic = Mnemonic.fromPhrase(phrase, password, wordlist); return HDNodeWallet.#fromSeed(mnemonic.computeSeed(), mnemonic).derivePath(path); } /** * Creates an HD Node from a %%seed%%. */ static fromSeed(seed) { return HDNodeWallet.#fromSeed(seed, null); } } /** * A **HDNodeVoidWallet** cannot sign, but provides access to * the children nodes of a [[link-bip-32]] HD wallet addresses. * * The can be created by using an extended ``xpub`` key to * [[HDNodeWallet_fromExtendedKey]] or by * [nuetering](HDNodeWallet-neuter) a [[HDNodeWallet]]. */ export class HDNodeVoidWallet extends VoidSigner { /** * The compressed public key. */ publicKey; /** * The fingerprint. * * A fingerprint allows quick qay to detect parent and child nodes, * but developers should be prepared to deal with collisions as it * is only 4 bytes. */ fingerprint; /** * The parent node fingerprint. */ parentFingerprint; /** * The chaincode, which is effectively a public key used * to derive children. */ chainCode; /** * The derivation path of this wallet. * * Since extended keys do not provider full path details, this * may be ``null``, if instantiated from a source that does not * enocde it. */ path; /** * The child index of this wallet. Values over ``2 *\* 31`` indicate * the node is hardened. */ index; /** * The depth of this wallet, which is the number of components * in its path. */ depth; /** * @private */ constructor(guard, address, publicKey, parentFingerprint, chainCode, path, index, depth, provider) { super(address, provider); assertPrivate(guard, _guard, "HDNodeVoidWallet"); defineProperties(this, { publicKey }); const fingerprint = dataSlice(ripemd160(sha256(publicKey)), 0, 4); defineProperties(this, { publicKey, fingerprint, parentFingerprint, chainCode, path, index, depth }); } connect(provider) { return new HDNodeVoidWallet(_guard, this.address, this.publicKey, this.parentFingerprint, this.chainCode, this.path, this.index, this.depth, provider); } /** * The extended key. * * This key will begin with the prefix ``xpub`` and can be used to * reconstruct this neutered key to derive its children addresses. */ get extendedKey() { // We only support the mainnet values for now, but if anyone needs // testnet values, let me know. I believe current sentiment is that // we should always use mainnet, and use BIP-44 to derive the network // - Mainnet: public=0x0488B21E, private=0x0488ADE4 // - Testnet: public=0x043587CF, private=0x04358394 assert(this.depth < 256, "Depth too deep", "UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION", { operation: "extendedKey" }); return encodeBase58Check(concat([ "0x0488B21E", zpad(this.depth, 1), this.parentFingerprint, zpad(this.index, 4), this.chainCode, this.publicKey, ])); } /** * Returns true if this wallet has a path, providing a Type Guard * that the path is non-null. */ hasPath() { return (this.path != null); } /** * Return the child for %%index%%. */ deriveChild(_index) { const index = getNumber(_index, "index"); assertArgument(index <= 0xffffffff, "invalid index", "index", index); // Base path let path = this.path; if (path) { path += "/" + (index & ~HardenedBit); if (index & HardenedBit) { path += "'"; } } const { IR, IL } = ser_I(index, this.chainCode, this.publicKey, null); const Ki = SigningKey.addPoints(IL, this.publicKey, true); const address = computeAddress(Ki); return new HDNodeVoidWallet(_guard, address, Ki, this.fingerprint, hexlify(IR), path, index, this.depth + 1, this.provider); } /** * Return the signer for %%path%% from this node. */ derivePath(path) { return derivePath(this, path); } } /* export class HDNodeWalletManager { #root: HDNodeWallet; constructor(phrase: string, password?: null | string, path?: null | string, locale?: null | Wordlist) { if (password == null) { password = ""; } if (path == null) { path = "m/44'/60'/0'/0"; } if (locale == null) { locale = LangEn.wordlist(); } this.#root = HDNodeWallet.fromPhrase(phrase, password, path, locale); } getSigner(index?: number): HDNodeWallet { return this.#root.deriveChild((index == null) ? 0: index); } } */ /** * Returns the [[link-bip-32]] path for the account at %%index%%. * * This is the pattern used by wallets like Ledger. * * There is also an [alternate pattern](getIndexedAccountPath) used by * some software. */ export function getAccountPath(_index) { const index = getNumber(_index, "index"); assertArgument(index >= 0 && index < HardenedBit, "invalid account index", "index", index); return `m/44'/60'/${index}'/0/0`; } /** * Returns the path using an alternative pattern for deriving accounts, * at %%index%%. * * This derivation path uses the //index// component rather than the * //account// component to derive sequential accounts. * * This is the pattern used by wallets like MetaMask. */ export function getIndexedAccountPath(_index) { const index = getNumber(_index, "index"); assertArgument(index >= 0 && index < HardenedBit, "invalid account index", "index", index); return `m/44'/60'/0'/0/${index}`; } //# sourceMappingURL=hdwallet.js.map