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JsonRpcProvider
The JSON-RPC API is a very popular method for interacting with Ethereum and is available in all major Ethereum node implementations (e.g. Geth and Parity) as well as many third-party web services (e.g. INFURA)
new ethers . providers . JsonRpcProvider ( [ url [ , aNetworkish ] ] )
Connect to a JSON-RPC API located at url using the /aNetworkish// network.
If url is not specified, the default (i.e. http://localhost:8545) is used
and if no network is specified, it will be determined automatically by
querying the node.
Note: Connecting to a Local Node
Each node implementation is slightly different and may require specific command-line flags or changes in their Settings UI to enable JSON-RPC, unlock accounrs or expose specific APIs. Please consult theit documentation.
jsonRpcProvider . getSigner ( [ addressOrIndex ] ) => JsonRpcSigner
Returns a JsonRpcSigner which is managed by this Ethereum node, at addressOrIndex. If no addressOrIndex is provided, the first account (account #0) is used.
jsonRpcProvider . getUncheckedSigner ( [ addressOrIndex ] ) => JsonRpcUncheckedSigner
jsonRpcProvider . listAccounts ( ) => Array< string >
Returns a list of all account addresses managed by this provider.
jsonRpcProvider . send ( method , params ) => Promise< any >
Allows sending raw messages to the provider.
This can be used for backend-specific calls, such as for debugging or specific account management.
JsonRpcSigner
A JsonRpcSigner is a simple Signer which is backed by a connected JsonRpcProvider.
signer . provider => JsonRpcProvider
The provider this signer was established from.
signer . connectUnchecked ( ) => JsonRpcUncheckedSigner
Returns a new Signer object which does not perform addtional checks when sending a transaction. See JsonRpcUncheckedSigner for more details.
signer . sendUncheckedTransaction ( transaction ) => Promise< string< DataHexstring< 32 > > >
Sends the transaction and returns a Promise which resolves to the opacque transaction hash.
signer . unlock ( password ) => Promise< boolean >
Request the node unlock the account (if locked) using password.
JsonRpcUncheckedSigner
The JSON-RPC API only provides a transaction hash as the response when a transaction is sent, but the ethers Provider requires populating all details of a transaction before returning it. For example, the gas price and gas limit may be adjusted by the node or the nonce automatically included, in which case the opaque transaction hash has discarded this.
To remedy this, the JsonRpcSigner immeidately queries the provider for the details using the returned transaction hash to populate the TransactionResponse object.
Some backends do not respond immediately and instead defer releasing the details of a transaction it was responsible for signing until it is mined.
The UncheckedSigner does not populate any additional information and will immediately return the result as a mock TransactionResponse-like object, with most of the properties set to null, but allows access to the transaction hash quickly, if that is all that is required.
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