594 lines
19 KiB
Plaintext
594 lines
19 KiB
Plaintext
_section: Interface @<Interface> @SRC<abi/interface:class.Interface>
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The **Interface** Class abstracts the encoding and decoding required
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to interact with contracts on the Ethereum network.
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Many of the standards organically evolved along side the [[link-solidity]]
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language, which other languages have adopted to remain compatible with
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existing deployed contracts.
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The EVM itself does not understand what the ABI is. It is simply an agreed
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upon set of formats to encode various types of data which each contract can
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expect so they can interoperate with each other.
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_subsection: Creating Instances @<Interface--creating>
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_property: new ethers.utils.Interface(abi) @SRC<abi/interface:constructor.Interface>
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Create a new **Interface** from a JSON string or object representing
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//abi//.
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The //abi// may be a JSON string or the parsed Object (using JSON.parse)
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which is emitted by the [Solidity compiler](link-solc-output) (or compatible languages).
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The //abi// may also be a [Human-Readable Abi](link-ricmoo-humanreadableabi),
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which is a format the Ethers created to simplify manually typing the ABI
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into the source and so that a Contract ABI can also be referenced easily
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within the same source file.
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_code: Creating an Interface instance @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const Interface = ethers.utils.Interface;
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// This interface is used for the below examples
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const iface = new Interface([
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// Constructor
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"constructor(string symbol, string name)",
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// State mutating method
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"function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint amount)",
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// State mutating method, which is payable
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"function mint(uint amount) payable",
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// Constant method (i.e. "view" or "pure")
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"function balanceOf(address owner) view returns (uint)",
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// An Event
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"event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount)",
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// A Custom Solidity Error
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"error AccountLocked(address owner, uint256 balance)",
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// Examples with structured types
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"function addUser(tuple(string name, address addr) user) returns (uint id)",
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"function addUsers(tuple(string name, address addr)[] user) returns (uint[] id)",
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"function getUser(uint id) view returns (tuple(string name, address addr) user)"
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]);
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//_hide: _page.iface = iface;
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_subsection: Properties @<Interface--properties>
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_property: interface.fragments => Array<[[Fragment]]>
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All the [Fragments](Fragment) in the interface.
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_property: interface.errors => Array<[[ErrorFragment]]>
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All the [Error Fragments](ErrorFragment) in the interface.
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_property: interface.events => Array<[[EventFragment]]>
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All the [Event Fragments](EventFragment) in the interface.
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_property: interface.functions => Array<[[FunctionFragment]]>
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All the [Function Fragments](FunctionFragment) in the interface.
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_property: interface.deploy => [[ConstructorFragment]]
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The [Constructor Fragments](ConstructorFragment) for the interface.
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_subsection: Formatting @<Interface--formatting>
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_property: interface.format( [ format ]) => string | Array<string> @SRC<abi/interface>
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Return the formatted **Interface**. If the format type is ``json`` a
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single string is returned, otherwise an Array of the human-readable
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strings is returned.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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const FormatTypes = ethers.utils.FormatTypes;
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//_result:
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iface.format(FormatTypes.json)
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//_log:
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//_result:
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iface.format(FormatTypes.full)
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//_log:
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//_result:
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iface.format(FormatTypes.minimal)
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//_log:
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_subsection: Fragment Access @<Interface--fragments>
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_property: interface.getFunction(fragment) => [[FunctionFragment]] @SRC<abi/interface>
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Returns the [[FunctionFragment]] for //fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]).
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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// By method signature, which is normalized so whitespace
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// and superfluous attributes are ignored
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iface.getFunction("transferFrom(address, address, uint256)");
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// By name; this ONLY works if the method is non-ambiguous
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iface.getFunction("transferFrom");
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// By method selector
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iface.getFunction("0x23b872dd");
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// Throws if the method does not exist
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//_throws:
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iface.getFunction("doesNotExist()");
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//_log:
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_property: interface.getError(fragment) => [[ErrorFragment]] @SRC<abi/interface>
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Returns the [[ErrorFragment]] for //fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]).
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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// By error signature, which is normalized so whitespace
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// and superfluous attributes are ignored
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iface.getError("AccountLocked(address, uint256)");
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// By name; this ONLY works if the error is non-ambiguous
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iface.getError("AccountLocked");
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// By error selector
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iface.getError("0xf7c3865a");
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// Throws if the error does not exist
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//_throws:
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iface.getError("DoesNotExist()");
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//_log:
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_property: interface.getEvent(fragment) => [[EventFragment]] @SRC<abi/interface>
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Returns the [[EventFragment]] for //fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]).
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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// By event signature, which is normalized so whitespace
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// and superfluous attributes are ignored
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iface.getEvent("Transfer(address, address, uint256)");
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// By name; this ONLY works if the event is non-ambiguous
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iface.getEvent("Transfer");
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// By event topic hash
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iface.getEvent("0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef");
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// Throws if the event does not exist
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//_throws:
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iface.getEvent("DoesNotExist()");
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//_log:
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_subsection: Signature and Topic Hashes @<Interface--selectors>
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_property: interface.getSighash(fragment) => string<[[DataHexString]]<4>> @SRC<abi/interface:method.Interface.getSighash>
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Return the sighash (or Function Selector) for //fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]).
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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//_result:
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iface.getSighash("balanceOf");
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//_log:
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//_result:
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iface.getSighash("balanceOf(address)");
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//_log:
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const fragment = iface.getFunction("balanceOf")
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//_result:
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iface.getSighash(fragment);
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//_log:
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_property: interface.getEventTopic(fragment) => string<[[DataHexString]]<32>> @SRC<abi/interface:method.Interface.getEventTopic>
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Return the topic hash for //fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]).
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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//_result:
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iface.getEventTopic("Transfer");
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//_log:
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//_result:
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iface.getEventTopic("Transfer(address, address, uint)");
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//_log:
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const fragment = iface.getEvent("Transfer")
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//_result:
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iface.getEventTopic(fragment);
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//_log:
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_subsection: Encoding Data @<Interface--encoding>
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_property: interface.encodeDeploy([ values ]) => string<[[DataHexString]]> @SRC<abi/interface>
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Return the encoded deployment data, which can be concatenated to the
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deployment bytecode of a contract to pass //values// into the contract
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constructor.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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//_hide: const parseEther = ethers.utils.parseEther;
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// The data that should be appended to the bytecode to pass
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// parameters to the constructor during deployment
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//_result:
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iface.encodeDeploy([ "SYM", "Some Name" ])
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//_log:
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_property: interface.encodeErrorResult(fragment [ , values ]) => string<[[DataHexString]]> @SRC<abi/interface>
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Returns the encoded error result, which would normally be the response from
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a reverted call for //fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]) for
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the given //values//.
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Most developers will not need this method, but may be useful for authors of
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a mock blockchain.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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//_hide: const parseEther = ethers.utils.parseEther;
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// Encoding result data (like is returned by eth_call during a revert)
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//_result:
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iface.encodeErrorResult("AccountLocked", [
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"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72",
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parseEther("1.0")
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]);
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//_log:
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_property: interface.encodeFilterTopics(fragment, values) => Array<topic | Array<topic>> @SRC<abi/interface>
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Returns the encoded topic filter, which can be passed to getLogs for //fragment//
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(see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]) for the given //values//.
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Each //topic// is a 32 byte (64 nibble) [[DataHexString]].
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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//_hide: const parseEther = ethers.utils.parseEther;
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// Filter that matches all Transfer events
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//_result:
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iface.encodeFilterTopics("Transfer", [])
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//_log:
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// Filter that matches the sender
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//_result:
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iface.encodeFilterTopics("Transfer", [
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"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72"
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])
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//_log:
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// Filter that matches the receiver
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//_result:
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iface.encodeFilterTopics("Transfer", [
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null,
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"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72"
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])
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//_log:
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_property: interface.encodeFunctionData(fragment [ , values ]) => string<[[DataHexString]]> @SRC<abi/interface>
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Returns the encoded data, which can be used as the data for a transaction for
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//fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]) for the given //values//.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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//_hide: const parseEther = ethers.utils.parseEther;
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// Encoding data for the tx.data of a call or transaction
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//_result:
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iface.encodeFunctionData("transferFrom", [
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"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72",
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"0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C",
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parseEther("1.0")
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])
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//_log:
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// Encoding structured data (using positional Array)
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user = [
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"Richard Moore",
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"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72"
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];
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//_result:
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iface.encodeFunctionData("addUser", [ user ]);
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//_log:
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// Encoding structured data, using objects. Only available
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// if paramters are named.
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user = {
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name: "Richard Moore",
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addr: "0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72"
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};
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//_result:
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iface.encodeFunctionData("addUser", [ user ]);
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//_log:
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_property: interface.encodeFunctionResult(fragment [ , values ]) => string<[[DataHexString]]> @SRC<abi/interface>
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Returns the encoded result, which would normally be the response from a call for
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//fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]) for the given //values//.
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Most developers will not need this method, but may be useful for authors of a mock blockchain.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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//_hide: const parseEther = ethers.utils.parseEther;
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// Encoding result data (like is returned by eth_call)
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//_result:
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iface.encodeFunctionResult("balanceOf", [
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"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72"
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])
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//_log:
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_subsection: Decoding Data @<Interface--decoding>
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_property: interface.decodeErrorResult(fragment, data) => [[Result]] @SRC<abi/interface>
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Returns the decoded values from the result of a call during a revert for
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//fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]) for the given //data//.
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Most developers won't need this, as the ``decodeFunctionResult`` will automatically
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decode errors if the //data// represents a revert.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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// Decoding result data (e.g. from an eth_call)
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errorData = "0xf7c3865a0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba720000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
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//_result:
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iface.decodeErrorResult("AccountLocked", errorData)
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//_log:
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_property: interface.decodeEventLog(fragment, data [ , topics ]) => [[Result]] @SRC<abi/interface>
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Returns the decoded event values from an event log for
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//fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]) for the given //data//
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with the optional //topics//.
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If //topics// is not specified, placeholders will be inserted into the result.
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Most develoeprs will find the [parsing methods](Interface--parsing) more
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convenient for decoding event data, as they will automatically detect the
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matching event.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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// Decoding log data and topics (the entries in a receipt)
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const data = "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
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const topics = [
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"0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef",
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"0x0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72",
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"0x000000000000000000000000ab7c8803962c0f2f5bbbe3fa8bf41cd82aa1923c"
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];
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//_result:
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iface.decodeEventLog("Transfer", data, topics);
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//_log:
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_property: interface.decodeFunctionData(fragment, data) => [[Result]] @SRC<abi/interface>
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Returns the decoded values from transaction data for
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//fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]) for the given //data//.
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Most developers will not need this method, but may be useful for debugging
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or inspecting transactions.
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Most develoeprs will also find the [parsing methods](Interface--parsing) more
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convenient for decoding transation data, as they will automatically detect the
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matching function.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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// Decoding function data (the value of tx.data)
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const txData = "0x23b872dd0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72000000000000000000000000ab7c8803962c0f2f5bbbe3fa8bf41cd82aa1923c0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
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//_result:
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iface.decodeFunctionData("transferFrom", txData);
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//_log:
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_property: interface.decodeFunctionResult(fragment, data) => [[Result]] @SRC<abi/interface>
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Returns the decoded values from the result of a call for
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//fragment// (see [[Interface--specifying-fragments]]) for the given //data//.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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// Decoding result data (e.g. from an eth_call)
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resultData = "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
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//_result:
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iface.decodeFunctionResult("balanceOf", resultData)
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//_log:
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// Decoding result data which was caused by a revert
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// Throws a CALL_EXCEPTION, with extra details
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errorData = "0xf7c3865a0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba720000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
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//_throws:
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iface.decodeFunctionResult("balanceOf", errorData)
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//_log:
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// Decoding structured data returns a Result object, which
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// will include all values positionally and if the ABI
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// included names, values will additionally be available
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// by their name.
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resultData = "0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000400000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000d52696368617264204d6f6f726500000000000000000000000000000000000000";
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//_result:
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result = iface.decodeFunctionResult("getUser", resultData);
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//_log:
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// Access positionally:
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// The 0th output parameter, the 0th proerty of the structure
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//_result:
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result[0][0];
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//_log:
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// Access by name: (only avilable because parameters were named)
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//_result:
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result.user.name
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//_log:
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_subsection: Parsing @<Interface--parsing>
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The functions are generally the most useful for most developers. They will
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automatically search the ABI for a matching Event or Function and decode
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the components as a fully specified description.
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_property: interface.parseError(data) => [[ErrorDescription]] @SRC<abi/interface>
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Search for the error that matches the error selector in //data// and parse out
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the details.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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const data = "0xf7c3865a0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba720000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
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//_result:
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iface.parseError(data);
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//_hide: _.errorFragment = createClass("ErrorFragment");
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//_log:
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_property: interface.parseLog(log) => [[LogDescription]] @SRC<abi/interface>
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Search the event that matches the //log// topic hash and parse the values
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the log represents.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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const data = "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
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const topics = [
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"0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef",
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"0x0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72",
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"0x000000000000000000000000ab7c8803962c0f2f5bbbe3fa8bf41cd82aa1923c"
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];
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//_result:
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iface.parseLog({ data, topics });
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//_hide: _.eventFragment = createClass("EventFragment");
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//_log:
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_property: interface.parseTransaction(transaction) => [[TransactionDescription]] @SRC<abi/interface>
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Search for the function that matches the //transaction// data sighash
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and parse the transaction properties.
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_code: @lang<javascript>
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//_hide: const iface = _page.iface;
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//_hide: const parseEther = ethers.utils.parseEther;
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const data = "0x23b872dd0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72000000000000000000000000ab7c8803962c0f2f5bbbe3fa8bf41cd82aa1923c0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
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const value = parseEther("1.0");
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//_result:
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iface.parseTransaction({ data, value });
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//_hide: _.functionFragment = createClass("FunctionFragment");
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//_log:
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_subsection: Types @<Interface--types>
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_heading: Result @<Result> @INHERIT<Array\<any\>>
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A **Result** is an array, so each value can be accessed as a positional
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argument.
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Additionally, if values are named, the identical object as its positional
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value can be accessed by its name.
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The name ``length`` is however reserved as it is part of the Array, so
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any named value for this key is renamed to ``_length``. If there is a
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name collision, only the first is available by its key.
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_heading: ErrorDescription @<ErrorDescription>
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_property: errorDescription.args => [[Result]]
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The values of the input parameters of the error.
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_property: errorDescription.errorFragment => [[ErrorFragment]]
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The [[ErrorFragment]] which matches the selector in the data.
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_property: errorDescription.name => string
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The error name. (e.g. ``AccountLocked``)
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_property: errorDescription.signature => string
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The error signature. (e.g. ``AccountLocked(address,uint256)``)
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_property: errorDescription.sighash => string
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The selector of the error.
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_heading: LogDescription @<LogDescription>
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_property: logDescription.args => [[Result]]
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The values of the input parameters of the event.
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_property: logDescription.eventFragment => [[EventFragment]]
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The [[EventFragment]] which matches the topic in the Log.
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_property: logDescription.name => string
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The event name. (e.g. ``Transfer``)
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_property: logDescription.signature => string
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The event signature. (e.g. ``Transfer(address,address,uint256)``)
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_property: logDescription.topic => string
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The topic hash.
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_heading: TransactionDescription @<TransactionDescription>
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_property: transactionDescription.args => [[Result]]
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The decoded values from the transaction data which were passed
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as the input parameters.
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_property: transactionDescription.functionFragment => [[FunctionFragment]]
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The [[FunctionFragment]] which matches the sighash in the transaction data.
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_property: transactionDescription.name => string
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The name of the function. (e.g. ``transfer``)
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_property: transactionDescription.sighash => string
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The sighash (or function selector) that matched the transaction data.
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_property: transactionDescription.signature => string
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The signature of the function. (e.g. ``transfer(address,uint256)``)
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_property: transactionDescription.value => [[BigNumber]]
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The value from the transaction.
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_subsection: Specifying Fragments @<Interface--specifying-fragments>
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When specifying a fragment to any of the functions in an **Interface**,
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any of the following may be used:
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- The **name** of the event or function, if it is unique and non-ambiguous
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within the ABI (e.g. ``transfer``)
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- The **signature** of the event or function. The signature is normalized,
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so, for example, ``uint`` and ``uint256`` are equivalent (e.g. ``transfer(address, uint)``)
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- The **sighash** or **topichash** of the function. The sighash is often referred
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to the function selector in Solidity (e.g. ``0xa9059cbb``)
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- A [[Fragment]]
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