Build noble-curves for ES2015 for Tornado purposes

Fix montgomery sample code in README.md

.github/funding.yml

@@ -1,2 +1 @@
 github: paulmillr
-# custom: https://paulmillr.com/funding/

.github/workflows/nodejs.yml

@@ -1,17 +1,20 @@
-name: Node CI
-
-on: [push, pull_request]
+name: Run node.js tests
+on:
+  - push
+  - pull_request
 jobs:
   test:
     name: v${{ matrix.node }} @ ubuntu-latest
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        node: [18, 20]
+        node:
+          - 18
+          - 20
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1e31de5234b9f8995739874a8ce0492dc87873e2 # v4
       - name: Use Node.js ${{ matrix.node }}
-      uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        uses: actions/setup-node@8f152de45cc393bb48ce5d89d36b731f54556e65 # v4
         with:
           node-version: ${{ matrix.node }}
       - run: npm install

.github/workflows/publish-npm.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Publish Package to npm
+name: Publish package to npm
 on:
   release:
     types: [created]
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ jobs:
       contents: read
       id-token: write
     steps:
-     - uses: actions/checkout@8e5e7e5ab8b370d6c329ec480221332ada57f0ab # v3
-     - uses: actions/setup-node@64ed1c7eab4cce3362f8c340dee64e5eaeef8f7c # v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1e31de5234b9f8995739874a8ce0492dc87873e2 # v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@8f152de45cc393bb48ce5d89d36b731f54556e65 # v4
         with:
           node-version: 20
           registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org'

.github/workflows/upload-release.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+name: Upload standalone file to GitHub Releases
+on:
+  release:
+    types: [created]
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      id-token: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1e31de5234b9f8995739874a8ce0492dc87873e2 # v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@8f152de45cc393bb48ce5d89d36b731f54556e65 # v4
+        with:
+          node-version: 20
+          registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org'
+          cache: npm
+      - run: npm install -g npm
+      - run: npm ci
+      - run: npm run build
+      - run: |
+          cd build
+          npm ci
+          npm run build:release
+          cd ..
+      - run: gh release upload ${{ github.event.release.tag_name }} build/`npx jsbt outfile`
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}

.gitignore

@@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
-build/
-node_modules/
-coverage/
+node_modules
 /*.js
-/*.ts
-/*.js.map
-/*.d.ts.map
 /esm/*.js
-/esm/*.ts
-/esm/*.js.map
-/esm/*.d.ts.map
+*.d.ts
+*.d.ts.map
+*.js.map
+/build
+/abstract
 /esm/abstract
-/abstract/

.prettierrc.json

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 {
   "printWidth": 100,
-  "singleQuote": true
+  "singleQuote": true,
+  "trailingComma": "es5"
 }

README.md

@@ -2,30 +2,36 @@
 
 Audited & minimal JS implementation of elliptic curve cryptography.
 
-- 🔒 [**Audited**](#security) by an independent security firm
+- 🔒 [**Audited**](#security) by independent security firms
 - 🔻 Tree-shaking-friendly: use only what's necessary, other code won't be included
 - 🏎 Ultra-fast, hand-optimized for caveats of JS engines
 - 🔍 Unique tests ensure correctness: property-based, cross-library and Wycheproof vectors, fuzzing
 - ➰ Short Weierstrass, Edwards, Montgomery curves
-- ✍️ ECDSA, EdDSA, Schnorr, BLS signature schemes, ECDH key agreement
-- 🔖 SUF-CMA and SBS (non-repudiation) for ed25519, ed448 and others
-- #️⃣ hash-to-curve for encoding or hashing an arbitrary string to an elliptic curve point
+- ✍️ ECDSA, EdDSA, Schnorr, BLS signature schemes, ECDH key agreement, hashing to curves
+- 🔖 SUF-CMA, SBS (non-repudiation), ZIP215 (consensus friendliness) features for ed25519
 - 🧜‍♂️ Poseidon ZK-friendly hash
+- 🪶 178KB for everything, 25KB for single-curve build
 
-### This library belongs to _noble_ crypto
+For discussions, questions and support, visit
+[GitHub Discussions](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-curves/discussions)
+section of the repository.
 
-> **noble-crypto** — high-security, easily auditable set of contained cryptographic libraries and tools.
+### This library belongs to _noble_ cryptography
 
-- No dependencies, protection against supply chain attacks
-- Auditable TypeScript / JS code
-- Supported on all major platforms
-- Releases are signed with PGP keys and built transparently with NPM provenance
-- Check out [homepage](https://paulmillr.com/noble/) & all libraries:
+> **noble cryptography** — high-security, easily auditable set of contained cryptographic libraries and tools.
+
+- Zero or minimal dependencies
+- Highly readable TypeScript / JS code
+- PGP-signed releases and transparent NPM builds
+- All libraries:
   [ciphers](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-ciphers),
   [curves](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-curves),
   [hashes](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-hashes),
+  [post-quantum](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-post-quantum),
   4kb [secp256k1](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-secp256k1) /
   [ed25519](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-ed25519)
+- [Check out homepage](https://paulmillr.com/noble/)
+  for reading resources, documentation and apps built with noble
 
 ## Usage
 
@@ -33,13 +39,19 @@ Audited & minimal JS implementation of elliptic curve cryptography.
 
 We support all major platforms and runtimes.
 For [Deno](https://deno.land), ensure to use [npm specifier](https://deno.land/manual@v1.28.0/node/npm_specifiers).
-For React Native, you may need a [polyfill for crypto.getRandomValues](https://github.com/LinusU/react-native-get-random-values).
-If you don't like NPM, a standalone [noble-curves.js](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-curves/releases) is also available.
+For React Native, you may need a [polyfill for getRandomValues](https://github.com/LinusU/react-native-get-random-values).
+A standalone file [noble-curves.js](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-curves/releases) is also available.
+
+```js
+// import * from '@noble/curves'; // Error: use sub-imports, to ensure small app size
+import { secp256k1 } from '@noble/curves/secp256k1'; // ESM and Common.js
+// import { secp256k1 } from 'npm:@noble/curves@1.4.0/secp256k1'; // Deno
+```
 
 - [Implementations](#implementations)
   - [ECDSA signature scheme](#ecdsa-signature-scheme)
   - [ECDSA public key recovery & extra entropy](#ecdsa-public-key-recovery--extra-entropy)
-  - [ECDH (Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman)](#ecdh-elliptic-curve-diffie-hellman)
+  - [ECDH: Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman](#ecdh-elliptic-curve-diffie-hellman)
   - [Schnorr signatures over secp256k1, BIP340](#schnorr-signatures-over-secp256k1-bip340)
   - [ed25519, X25519, ristretto255](#ed25519-x25519-ristretto255)
   - [ed448, X448, decaf448](#ed448-x448-decaf448)
@@ -47,37 +59,32 @@ If you don't like NPM, a standalone [noble-curves.js](https://github.com/paulmil
   - [All available imports](#all-available-imports)
   - [Accessing a curve's variables](#accessing-a-curves-variables)
 - [Abstract API](#abstract-api)
-  - [abstract/weierstrass: Short Weierstrass curve](#abstractweierstrass-short-weierstrass-curve)
-  - [abstract/edwards: Twisted Edwards curve](#abstractedwards-twisted-edwards-curve)
-  - [abstract/montgomery: Montgomery curve](#abstractmontgomery-montgomery-curve)
-  - [abstract/bls: Barreto-Lynn-Scott curves](#abstractbls-barreto-lynn-scott-curves)
-  - [abstract/hash-to-curve: Hashing strings to curve points](#abstracthash-to-curve-hashing-strings-to-curve-points)
-  - [abstract/poseidon: Poseidon hash](#abstractposeidon-poseidon-hash)
-  - [abstract/modular: Modular arithmetics utilities](#abstractmodular-modular-arithmetics-utilities)
+  - [weierstrass: Short Weierstrass curve](#weierstrass-short-weierstrass-curve)
+  - [edwards: Twisted Edwards curve](#edwards-twisted-edwards-curve)
+  - [montgomery: Montgomery curve](#montgomery-montgomery-curve)
+  - [bls: Barreto-Lynn-Scott curves](#bls-barreto-lynn-scott-curves)
+  - [hash-to-curve: Hashing strings to curve points](#hash-to-curve-hashing-strings-to-curve-points)
+  - [poseidon: Poseidon hash](#poseidon-poseidon-hash)
+  - [modular: Modular arithmetics utilities](#modular-modular-arithmetics-utilities)
     - [Creating private keys from hashes](#creating-private-keys-from-hashes)
-  - [abstract/utils: Useful utilities](#abstractutils-useful-utilities)
+  - [utils: Useful utilities](#utils-useful-utilities)
 - [Security](#security)
 - [Speed](#speed)
-- [Contributing & testing](#contributing--testing)
 - [Upgrading](#upgrading)
+- [Contributing & testing](#contributing--testing)
 - [Resources](#resources)
-  - [Demos](#demos)
-  - [Projects using curves](#projects-using-curves)
-- [License](#license)
 
 ### Implementations
 
-Implementations are utilizing [noble-hashes](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-hashes).
-[Abstract API](#abstract-api) doesn't depend on them: you can use a different hashing library.
+Implementations use [noble-hashes](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-hashes).
+If you want to use a different hashing library, [abstract API](#abstract-api) doesn't depend on them.
 
 #### ECDSA signature scheme
 
 Generic example that works for all curves, shown for secp256k1:
 
 ```ts
-// import * from '@noble/curves'; // Error: use sub-imports, to ensure small app size
-import { secp256k1 } from '@noble/curves/secp256k1'; // ESM and Common.js
-// import { secp256k1 } from 'npm:@noble/curves@1.2.0/secp256k1'; // Deno
+import { secp256k1 } from '@noble/curves/secp256k1';
 const priv = secp256k1.utils.randomPrivateKey();
 const pub = secp256k1.getPublicKey(priv);
 const msg = new Uint8Array(32).fill(1); // message hash (not message) in ecdsa
@@ -89,16 +96,20 @@ const privHex = '46c930bc7bb4db7f55da20798697421b98c4175a52c630294d75a84b9c12623
 const pub2 = secp256k1.getPublicKey(privHex);
 ```
 
+We support P256 (secp256r1), P384 (secp384r1), P521 (secp521r1).
+
 #### ECDSA public key recovery & extra entropy
 
 ```ts
+// let sig = secp256k1.Signature.fromCompact(sigHex); // or .fromDER(sigDERHex)
+// sig = sig.addRecoveryBit(bit); // bit is not serialized into compact / der format
 sig.recoverPublicKey(msg).toRawBytes(); // === pub; // public key recovery
 
 // extraEntropy https://moderncrypto.org/mail-archive/curves/2017/000925.html
 const sigImprovedSecurity = secp256k1.sign(msg, priv, { extraEntropy: true });
 ```
 
-#### ECDH (Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman)
+#### ECDH: Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman
 
 ```ts
 // 1. The output includes parity byte. Strip it using shared.slice(1)
@@ -235,7 +246,7 @@ Same RFC7748 / RFC8032 / IRTF draft are followed.
 
 #### bls12-381
 
-See [abstract/bls](#abstractbls-barreto-lynn-scott-curves).
+See [abstract/bls](#bls-barreto-lynn-scott-curves).
 
 #### All available imports
 
@@ -274,7 +285,7 @@ Precomputes are enabled for weierstrass and edwards BASE points of a curve. You
 could precompute any other point (e.g. for ECDH) using `utils.precompute()`
 method: check out examples.
 
-### abstract/weierstrass: Short Weierstrass curve
+### weierstrass: Short Weierstrass curve
 
 ```ts
 import { weierstrass } from '@noble/curves/abstract/weierstrass';
@@ -316,6 +327,10 @@ type CHash = {
   outputLen: number;
   create(): any;
 };
+
+// example
+function sha256(message: Uint8Array) { return _internal_lowlvl(message) }
+sha256.outputLen = 32; // 32 bytes of output for sha2-256
 ```
 
 **Message hash** is expected instead of message itself:
@@ -441,7 +456,7 @@ const fast = secq256k1.utils.precompute(8, Point.fromHex(someonesPubKey));
 fast.multiply(privKey); // much faster ECDH now
 ```
 
-### abstract/edwards: Twisted Edwards curve
+### edwards: Twisted Edwards curve
 
 ```ts
 import { twistedEdwards } from '@noble/curves/abstract/edwards';
@@ -531,7 +546,7 @@ interface ExtPointConstructor extends GroupConstructor<ExtPointType> {
 }
 ```
 
-### abstract/montgomery: Montgomery curve
+### montgomery: Montgomery curve
 
 ```typescript
 import { montgomery } from '@noble/curves/abstract/montgomery';
@@ -540,7 +555,7 @@ import { Field } from '@noble/curves/abstract/modular';
 const x25519 = montgomery({
   a: 486662n,
   Gu: 9n,
-  Fp: Field(2n ** 255n - 19n),
+  P: 2n ** 255n - 19n,
   montgomeryBits: 255,
   nByteLength: 32,
   // Optional param
@@ -558,7 +573,7 @@ Proper Elliptic Curve Points are not implemented yet.
 
 You must specify curve params `Fp`, `a`, `Gu` coordinate of u, `montgomeryBits` and `nByteLength`.
 
-### abstract/bls: Barreto-Lynn-Scott curves
+### bls: Barreto-Lynn-Scott curves
 
 The module abstracts BLS (Barreto-Lynn-Scott) pairing-friendly elliptic curve construction.
 They allow to construct [zk-SNARKs](https://z.cash/technology/zksnarks/) and
@@ -567,6 +582,8 @@ use aggregated, batch-verifiable
 using Boneh-Lynn-Shacham signature scheme.
 
 The module doesn't expose `CURVE` property: use `G1.CURVE`, `G2.CURVE` instead.
+Only BLS12-381 is implemented currently.
+Defining BLS12-377 and BLS24 should be straightforward.
 
 Main methods and properties are:
 
@@ -579,8 +596,13 @@ Main methods and properties are:
 - `Signature` property with `fromHex`, `toHex` methods
 - `fields` containing `Fp`, `Fp2`, `Fp6`, `Fp12`, `Fr`
 
-Right now we only implement BLS12-381 (compatible with ETH and others),
-but in theory defining BLS12-377, BLS24 should be straightforward. An example:
+The default BLS uses short public keys (with public keys in G1 and signatures in G2).
+Short signatures (public keys in G2 and signatures in G1) is also supported, using:
+
+- `getPublicKeyForShortSignatures(privateKey)`
+- `signShortSignature(message, privateKey)`
+- `verifyShortSignature(signature, message, publicKey)`
+- `aggregateShortSignatures(signatures)`
 
 ```ts
 import { bls12_381 as bls } from '@noble/curves/bls12-381';
@@ -591,6 +613,12 @@ const signature = bls.sign(message, privateKey);
 const isValid = bls.verify(signature, message, publicKey);
 console.log({ publicKey, signature, isValid });
 
+// Use custom DST, e.g. for Ethereum consensus layer
+const htfEthereum = {DST: 'BLS_SIG_BLS12381G2_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_RO_POP_'};
+const signatureEth = bls.sign(message, privateKey, htfEthereum);
+const isValidEth = bls.verify(signature, message, publicKey, htfEthereum);
+console.log({ signatureEth, isValidEth });
+
 // Sign 1 msg with 3 keys
 const privateKeys = [
   '18f020b98eb798752a50ed0563b079c125b0db5dd0b1060d1c1b47d4a193e1e4',
@@ -612,68 +640,19 @@ const isValid3 = bls.verifyBatch(aggSignature3, messages, publicKeys);
 console.log({ publicKeys, signatures3, aggSignature3, isValid3 });
 
 // Pairings, with and without final exponentiation
-// bls.pairing(PointG1, PointG2);
-// bls.pairing(PointG1, PointG2, false);
-// bls.fields.Fp12.finalExponentiate(bls.fields.Fp12.mul(eGS, ePHm));
+bls.pairing(PointG1, PointG2);
+bls.pairing(PointG1, PointG2, false);
+bls.fields.Fp12.finalExponentiate(bls.fields.Fp12.mul(PointG1, PointG2));
 
 // Others
-// bls.G1.ProjectivePoint.BASE, bls.G2.ProjectivePoint.BASE
-// bls.fields.Fp, bls.fields.Fp2, bls.fields.Fp12, bls.fields.Fr
+bls.G1.ProjectivePoint.BASE, bls.G2.ProjectivePoint.BASE
+bls.fields.Fp, bls.fields.Fp2, bls.fields.Fp12, bls.fields.Fr
+bls.params.x, bls.params.r, bls.params.G1b, bls.params.G2b
 
 // hash-to-curve examples can be seen below
 ```
 
-Full types:
-
-```ts
-getPublicKey: (privateKey: PrivKey) => Uint8Array;
-sign: {
-  (message: Hex, privateKey: PrivKey): Uint8Array;
-  (message: ProjPointType<Fp2>, privateKey: PrivKey): ProjPointType<Fp2>;
-};
-verify: (
-  signature: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp2>,
-  message: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp2>,
-  publicKey: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp>
-) => boolean;
-verifyBatch: (
-  signature: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp2>,
-  messages: (Hex | ProjPointType<Fp2>)[],
-  publicKeys: (Hex | ProjPointType<Fp>)[]
-) => boolean;
-aggregatePublicKeys: {
-  (publicKeys: Hex[]): Uint8Array;
-  (publicKeys: ProjPointType<Fp>[]): ProjPointType<Fp>;
-};
-aggregateSignatures: {
-  (signatures: Hex[]): Uint8Array;
-  (signatures: ProjPointType<Fp2>[]): ProjPointType<Fp2>;
-};
-millerLoop: (ell: [Fp2, Fp2, Fp2][], g1: [Fp, Fp]) => Fp12;
-pairing: (P: ProjPointType<Fp>, Q: ProjPointType<Fp2>, withFinalExponent?: boolean) => Fp12;
-G1: CurvePointsRes<Fp> & ReturnType<typeof htf.createHasher<Fp>>;
-G2: CurvePointsRes<Fp2> & ReturnType<typeof htf.createHasher<Fp2>>;
-Signature: SignatureCoder<Fp2>;
-params: {
-  x: bigint;
-  r: bigint;
-  G1b: bigint;
-  G2b: Fp2;
-};
-fields: {
-  Fp: IField<Fp>;
-  Fp2: IField<Fp2>;
-  Fp6: IField<Fp6>;
-  Fp12: IField<Fp12>;
-  Fr: IField<bigint>;
-};
-utils: {
-  randomPrivateKey: () => Uint8Array;
-  calcPairingPrecomputes: (p: AffinePoint<Fp2>) => [Fp2, Fp2, Fp2][];
-};
-```
-
-### abstract/hash-to-curve: Hashing strings to curve points
+### hash-to-curve: Hashing strings to curve points
 
 The module allows to hash arbitrary strings to elliptic curve points. Implements [RFC 9380](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9380).
 
@@ -731,7 +710,7 @@ type Opts = {
 };
 ```
 
-### abstract/poseidon: Poseidon hash
+### poseidon: Poseidon hash
 
 Implements [Poseidon](https://www.poseidon-hash.info) ZK-friendly hash.
 
@@ -755,7 +734,7 @@ type PoseidonOpts = {
 const instance = poseidon(opts: PoseidonOpts);
 ```
 
-### abstract/modular: Modular arithmetics utilities
+### modular: Modular arithmetics utilities
 
 ```ts
 import * as mod from '@noble/curves/abstract/modular';
@@ -792,19 +771,20 @@ and [RFC 9380](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9380#section-5.2).
 This means, for 32-byte key, we would need 48-byte hash to get 2^-128 bias, which matches curve security level.
 
 `hashToPrivateScalar()` that hashes to **private key** was created for this purpose.
-Use [abstract/hash-to-curve](#abstracthash-to-curve-hashing-strings-to-curve-points)
+Use [abstract/hash-to-curve](#hash-to-curve-hashing-strings-to-curve-points)
 if you need to hash to **public key**.
 
 ```ts
 import { p256 } from '@noble/curves/p256';
 import { sha256 } from '@noble/hashes/sha256';
 import { hkdf } from '@noble/hashes/hkdf';
+import * as mod from '@noble/curves/abstract/modular';
 const someKey = new Uint8Array(32).fill(2); // Needs to actually be random, not .fill(2)
 const derived = hkdf(sha256, someKey, undefined, 'application', 48); // 48 bytes for 32-byte priv
 const validPrivateKey = mod.hashToPrivateScalar(derived, p256.CURVE.n);
 ```
 
-### abstract/utils: Useful utilities
+### utils: Useful utilities
 
 ```ts
 import * as utils from '@noble/curves/abstract/utils';
@@ -826,43 +806,61 @@ utils.equalBytes(Uint8Array.from([0xde]), Uint8Array.from([0xde]));
 
 ## Security
 
-1. The library has been independently audited:
+The library has been independently audited:
 
-- in Feb 2023 by [Trail of Bits](https://www.trailofbits.com):
-  [PDF](https://github.com/trailofbits/publications/blob/master/reviews/2023-01-ryanshea-noblecurveslibrary-securityreview.pdf).
-  The audit has been funded by [Ryan Shea](https://www.shea.io).
-  Audit scope was abstract modules `curve`, `hash-to-curve`, `modular`, `poseidon`, `utils`, `weierstrass`,
-  and top-level modules `_shortw_utils` and `secp256k1`.
-  See [changes since v0.7.3 audit](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-curves/compare/0.7.3..main).
+- at version 1.2.0, in Sep 2023, by [Kudelski Security](https://kudelskisecurity.com)
+  - PDFs: [offline](./audit/2023-09-kudelski-audit-starknet.pdf)
+  - [Changes since audit](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-curves/compare/1.2.0..main)
+  - Scope: [scure-starknet](https://github.com/paulmillr/scure-starknet) and its related
+    abstract modules of noble-curves: `curve`, `modular`, `poseidon`, `weierstrass`
+  - The audit has been funded by [Starkware](https://starkware.co)
+- at version 0.7.3, in Feb 2023, by [Trail of Bits](https://www.trailofbits.com)
+  - PDFs: [online](https://github.com/trailofbits/publications/blob/master/reviews/2023-01-ryanshea-noblecurveslibrary-securityreview.pdf),
+    [offline](./audit/2023-01-trailofbits-audit-curves.pdf)
+  - [Changes since audit](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-curves/compare/0.7.3..main)
+  - Scope: abstract modules `curve`, `hash-to-curve`, `modular`, `poseidon`, `utils`, `weierstrass` and
+    top-level modules `_shortw_utils` and `secp256k1`
+  - The audit has been funded by [Ryan Shea](https://www.shea.io)
+
+It is tested against property-based, cross-library and Wycheproof vectors,
+and has fuzzing by [Guido Vranken's cryptofuzz](https://github.com/guidovranken/cryptofuzz).
+
+If you see anything unusual: investigate and report.
+
+### Constant-timeness
 
-2. The library has been fuzzed by [Guido Vranken's cryptofuzz](https://github.com/guidovranken/cryptofuzz).
-   You can run the fuzzer by yourself to check it.
-3. [Timing attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timing_attack) considerations:
 _JIT-compiler_ and _Garbage Collector_ make "constant time" extremely hard to
-   achieve in a scripting language. Which means _any other JS library can't have
+achieve [timing attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timing_attack) resistance
+in a scripting language. Which means _any other JS library can't have
 constant-timeness_. Even statically typed Rust, a language without GC,
 [makes it harder to achieve constant-time](https://www.chosenplaintext.ca/open-source/rust-timing-shield/security)
 for some cases. If your goal is absolute security, don't use any JS lib — including bindings to native ones.
 Use low-level libraries & languages. Nonetheless we're targetting algorithmic constant time.
 
-We consider infrastructure attacks like rogue NPM modules very important;
-that's why it's crucial to minimize the amount of 3rd-party dependencies & native bindings.
-If your app uses 500 dependencies, any dep could get hacked and you'll be
-downloading malware with every `npm install`. Our goal is to minimize this attack vector.
-As for devDependencies used by the library:
+### Supply chain security
 
-- `@scure` base, bip32, bip39 (used in tests), micro-bmark (benchmark), micro-should (testing)
-  are developed by us and follow the same practices such as: minimal library size, auditability,
-  signed releases
-- prettier (linter), fast-check (property-based testing), typescript versions
-  are locked and rarely updated. Every update is checked with `npm-diff`.
-  The packages are big, which makes it hard to audit their source code thoroughly and fully.
-- They are only used if you clone the git repo and want to add some feature to it. End-users won't use them.
+* **Commits** are signed with PGP keys, to prevent forgery. Make sure to verify commit signatures.
+* **Releases** are transparent and built on GitHub CI. Make sure to verify [provenance](https://docs.npmjs.com/generating-provenance-statements) logs
+* **Rare releasing** is followed to ensure less re-audit need for end-users
+* **Dependencies** are minimized and locked-down:
+   - If your app has 500 dependencies, any dep could get hacked and you'll be downloading
+     malware with every install. We make sure to use as few dependencies as possible
+   - We prevent automatic dependency updates by locking-down version ranges. Every update is checked with `npm-diff`
+   - One dependency [noble-hashes](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-hashes) is used, by the same author, to provide hashing functionality
+* **Dev Dependencies** are only used if you want to contribute to the repo. They are disabled for end-users:
+   - scure-base, scure-bip32, scure-bip39, micro-bmark and micro-should are developed by the same author and follow identical security practices
+   - prettier (linter), fast-check (property-based testing) and typescript are used for code quality, vector generation and ts compilation. The packages are big, which makes it hard to audit their source code thoroughly and fully
 
-As for key generation, we're deferring to built-in
+### Randomness
+
+We're deferring to built-in
 [crypto.getRandomValues](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Crypto/getRandomValues)
 which is considered cryptographically secure (CSPRNG).
 
+In the past, browsers had bugs that made it weak: it may happen again.
+Implementing a userspace CSPRNG to get resilient to the weakness
+is even worse: there is no reliable userspace source of quality entropy.
+
 ## Speed
 
 Benchmark results on Apple M2 with node v20:
@@ -944,13 +942,6 @@ ed25519 x 3,088 ops/sec @ 323μs/op
 ed448 x 1,247 ops/sec @ 801μs/op
 ```
 
-## Contributing & testing
-
-1. Clone the repository
-2. `npm install` to install build dependencies like TypeScript
-3. `npm run build` to compile TypeScript code
-4. `npm run test` will execute all main tests
-
 ## Upgrading
 
 Previously, the library was split into single-feature packages
@@ -971,7 +962,7 @@ Upgrading from noble-secp256k1 1.7:
   - to use old behavior, which produced 65-byte uncompressed keys, set
     argument `isCompressed` to `false`: `getPublicKey(priv, false)`
 - `sign`
-  - is now sync; use `signAsync` for async version
+  - is now sync
   - now returns `Signature` instance with `{ r, s, recovery }` properties
   - `canonical` option was renamed to `lowS`
   - `recovered` option has been removed because recovery bit is always returned now
@@ -980,6 +971,7 @@ Upgrading from noble-secp256k1 1.7:
        Compact encoding is simply a concatenation of 32-byte r and 32-byte s.
     2. If you must use DER encoding, switch to noble-curves (see above).
 - `verify`
+  - is now sync
   - `strict` option was renamed to `lowS`
 - `getSharedSecret`
   - now produce 33-byte compressed signatures by default
@@ -1009,61 +1001,18 @@ Upgrading from [@noble/bls12-381](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-bls12-381):
   - PointG2.fromSignature -> Signature.decode, PointG2.toSignature -> Signature.encode
 - Fp2 ORDER was corrected
 
+## Contributing & testing
+
+1. Clone the repository
+2. `npm install` to install build dependencies like TypeScript
+3. `npm run build` to compile TypeScript code
+4. `npm run test` will execute all main tests
+
 ## Resources
 
-- [Learning fast elliptic-curve cryptography](https://paulmillr.com/posts/noble-secp256k1-fast-ecc/)
-- EdDSA
-  - [A Deep dive into Ed25519 Signatures](https://cendyne.dev/posts/2022-03-06-ed25519-signatures.html)
-  - [Ed25519 Deep Dive Addendum](https://cendyne.dev/posts/2022-09-11-ed25519-deep-dive-addendum.html)
-  - [It’s 255:19AM. Do you know what your validation criteria are?](https://hdevalence.ca/blog/2020-10-04-its-25519am)
-  - [Taming the many EdDSAs](https://csrc.nist.gov/csrc/media/Presentations/2023/crclub-2023-03-08/images-media/20230308-crypto-club-slides--taming-the-many-EdDSAs.pdf)
-    that describes concepts of Strong UnForgeability under Chosen Message Attacks and Strongly Binding Signatures
-  - [Cofactor Explained: Clearing Elliptic Curves’ dirty little secret](https://loup-vaillant.fr/tutorials/cofactor)
-  - [Surrounded by Elligators](https://loup-vaillant.fr/articles/implementing-elligator)
-- Pairings and BLS
-  - [BLS signatures for busy people](https://gist.github.com/paulmillr/18b802ad219b1aee34d773d08ec26ca2)
-  - [BLS12-381 for the rest of us](https://hackmd.io/@benjaminion/bls12-381)
-  - [Key concepts of pairings](https://medium.com/@alonmuroch_65570/bls-signatures-part-2-key-concepts-of-pairings-27a8a9533d0c)
-  - Pairing over bls12-381:
-    [fields](https://research.nccgroup.com/2020/07/06/pairing-over-bls12-381-part-1-fields/),
-    [curves](https://research.nccgroup.com/2020/07/13/pairing-over-bls12-381-part-2-curves/),
-    [pairings](https://research.nccgroup.com/2020/08/13/pairing-over-bls12-381-part-3-pairing/)
-  - [Estimating the bit security of pairing-friendly curves](https://research.nccgroup.com/2022/02/03/estimating-the-bit-security-of-pairing-friendly-curves/)
-
-### Demos
-
-- [Elliptic Curve Calculator](https://paulmillr.com/noble): add / multiply points, sign messages
-- [BLS threshold signatures](https://genthresh.com)
-
-### Projects using curves
-
-- HDkey libraries: [scure-bip32](https://github.com/paulmillr/scure-bip32), [bip32](https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bip32)
-- Social networks: [nostr](https://github.com/nbd-wtf/nostr-tools), [bluesky](https://github.com/bluesky-social/atproto)
-- Ethereum libraries:
-  - [ethereum-cryptography](https://github.com/ethereum/js-ethereum-cryptography)
-  - [micro-eth-signer](https://github.com/paulmillr/micro-eth-signer),
-    [ethers](https://github.com/ethers-io/ethers.js) (old noble),
-    [viem.sh](https://viem.sh),
-    [@ethereumjs](https://github.com/ethereumjs/ethereumjs-monorepo)
-  - [metamask's eth-sig-util](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-sig-util)
-  - [gridplus lattice sdk](https://github.com/GridPlus/lattice-eth2-utils)
-- Bitcoin libraries:
-  - [scure-btc-signer](https://github.com/paulmillr/scure-btc-signer)
-  - [tapscript](https://github.com/cmdruid/tapscript)
-- Solana libraries: [micro-sol-signer](https://github.com/paulmillr/micro-sol-signer), [solana-web3.js](https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-web3.js)
-- Other web3 stuff:
-  - [scure-starknet](https://github.com/paulmillr/scure-starknet)
-  - [aztec](https://github.com/AztecProtocol/aztec-packages)
-  - [polkadot.js](https://github.com/polkadot-js/common), [drand-client](https://github.com/drand/drand-client), [moneroj](https://github.com/beritani/moneroj), [tronlib](https://github.com/CoinSpace/tronlib)
-- [protonmail](https://github.com/ProtonMail/WebClients) (old noble for now)
-- [did-jwt](https://github.com/decentralized-identity/did-jwt), [hpke-js](https://github.com/dajiaji/hpke-js),
-  [js-libp2p-noise](https://github.com/ChainSafe/js-libp2p-noise)
-- [ed25519-keygen](https://github.com/paulmillr/ed25519-keygen) SSH, PGP, TOR key generation
-- [secp256k1 compatibility layer](https://github.com/ethereum/js-ethereum-cryptography/blob/2.0.0/src/secp256k1-compat.ts)
-  for users who want to switch from secp256k1-node or tiny-secp256k1. Allows to see which methods map to corresponding noble code.
-- [BLS BBS signatures](https://github.com/Wind4Greg/BBS-Draft-Checks) following [draft-irtf-cfrg-bbs-signatures-latest](https://identity.foundation/bbs-signature/draft-irtf-cfrg-bbs-signatures.html)
-- [KZG trusted setup ceremony](https://github.com/dsrvlabs/czg-keremony)
-- See [full list of projects on GitHub](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-curves/network/dependents).
+Check out [paulmillr.com/noble](https://paulmillr.com/noble/)
+for useful resources, articles, documentation and demos
+related to the library.
 
 ## License
 

SECURITY.md

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # Security Policy
 
+See [README's Security section](./README.md#security) for detailed description of internal security practices.
+
 ## Supported Versions
 
 | Version | Supported          |

audit/README.md

@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 # Audit
 
-The library has been audited during Jan-Feb 2023 by an independent security firm [Trail of Bits](https://www.trailofbits.com):
-[PDF](https://github.com/trailofbits/publications/blob/master/reviews/2023-01-ryanshea-noblecurveslibrary-securityreview.pdf).
-The audit has been funded by Ryan Shea. Audit scope was abstract modules `curve`, `hash-to-curve`, `modular`, `poseidon`, `utils`, `weierstrass`, and top-level modules `_shortw_utils` and `secp256k1`. See [changes since audit](https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-curves/compare/0.7.3..main).
+All audits of the library are described in [README's Security section](../README.md#security)
 
-File in the directory was saved from
+`2023-01-trailofbits-audit-curves.pdf` file in the directory was saved from
 [github.com/trailofbits/publications](https://github.com/trailofbits/publications).
 Check out their repo and verify checksums to ensure the PDF in this directory has not been altered.
-
-See information about fuzzing in root [README](../README.md).

benchmark/utils.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { hexToBytes } from '../abstract/utils.js';
+import { run, mark } from 'micro-bmark';
+
+run(async () => {
+  const hex32 = '0123456789abcdef'.repeat(4);
+  const hex256 = hex32.repeat(8);
+  await mark('hexToBytes 32b', 5000000, () => hexToBytes(hex32));
+  await mark('hexToBytes 256b', 500000, () => hexToBytes(hex256));
+});

build/README.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # build
 
-The directory is used to build a single file `noble-curves.js` which contains everything.
+The directory is used to build a single file which contains everything.
 
-The output file uses iife wrapper and can be used in browsers as-is.
+The single file uses iife wrapper and can be used in browsers as-is.
 
 Don't use it unless you can't use NPM/ESM, which support tree shaking.

build/input.js

@@ -1,11 +1,20 @@
-import { bytesToHex, concatBytes, hexToBytes } from '@noble/curves/abstract/utils';
+import { bytesToHex, concatBytes, hexToBytes, utf8ToBytes } from '@noble/curves/abstract/utils';
 
-export { secp256k1 } from '@noble/curves/secp256k1';
-export { ed25519, x25519 } from '@noble/curves/ed25519';
-export { ed448, x448 } from '@noble/curves/ed448';
+export { secp256k1, schnorr as secp256k1_schnorr } from '@noble/curves/secp256k1';
+export {
+  ed25519,
+  x25519,
+  edwardsToMontgomeryPub as ed25519_edwardsToMontgomeryPub,
+  edwardsToMontgomeryPriv as ed25519_edwardsToMontgomeryPriv,
+} from '@noble/curves/ed25519';
+export {
+  ed448,
+  x448,
+  edwardsToMontgomeryPub as ed448_edwardsToMontgomeryPub,
+} from '@noble/curves/ed448';
 export { p256 } from '@noble/curves/p256';
 export { p384 } from '@noble/curves/p384';
 export { p521 } from '@noble/curves/p521';
 export { bls12_381 } from '@noble/curves/bls12-381';
 
-export const utils = { bytesToHex, concatBytes, hexToBytes };
+export const utils = { bytesToHex, concatBytes, hexToBytes, utf8ToBytes };

build/package-lock.json

@@ -0,0 +1,445 @@
+{
+  "name": "build",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "lockfileVersion": 3,
+  "requires": true,
+  "packages": {
+    "": {
+      "name": "build",
+      "version": "1.0.0",
+      "devDependencies": {
+        "@noble/curves": "file:..",
+        "esbuild": "0.20.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "..": {
+      "version": "1.4.0",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@noble/hashes": "1.4.0"
+      },
+      "devDependencies": {
+        "@paulmillr/jsbt": "0.1.0",
+        "fast-check": "3.0.0",
+        "micro-bmark": "0.3.1",
+        "micro-should": "0.4.0",
+        "prettier": "3.1.1",
+        "typescript": "5.3.2"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://paulmillr.com/funding/"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@esbuild/aix-ppc64": {
+      "version": "0.20.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/aix-ppc64/-/aix-ppc64-0.20.1.tgz",
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+      ],
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+      "optional": true,
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+        "linux"
+      ],
+      "engines": {
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+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@esbuild/linux-s390x": {
+      "version": "0.20.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/linux-s390x/-/linux-s390x-0.20.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-5BepC2Au80EohQ2dBpyTquqGCES7++p7G+7lXe1bAIvMdXm4YYcEfZtQrP4gaoZ96Wv1Ute61CEHFU7h4FMueQ==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "s390x"
+      ],
+      "dev": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "linux"
+      ],
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@esbuild/linux-x64": {
+      "version": "0.20.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/linux-x64/-/linux-x64-0.20.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-5gRPk7pKuaIB+tmH+yKd2aQTRpqlf1E4f/mC+tawIm/CGJemZcHZpp2ic8oD83nKgUPMEd0fNanrnFljiruuyA==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "x64"
+      ],
+      "dev": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "linux"
+      ],
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@esbuild/netbsd-x64": {
+      "version": "0.20.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/netbsd-x64/-/netbsd-x64-0.20.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-4fL68JdrLV2nVW2AaWZBv3XEm3Ae3NZn/7qy2KGAt3dexAgSVT+Hc97JKSZnqezgMlv9x6KV0ZkZY7UO5cNLCg==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "x64"
+      ],
+      "dev": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "netbsd"
+      ],
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@esbuild/openbsd-x64": {
+      "version": "0.20.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/openbsd-x64/-/openbsd-x64-0.20.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-GhRuXlvRE+twf2ES+8REbeCb/zeikNqwD3+6S5y5/x+DYbAQUNl0HNBs4RQJqrechS4v4MruEr8ZtAin/hK5iw==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "x64"
+      ],
+      "dev": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "openbsd"
+      ],
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@esbuild/sunos-x64": {
+      "version": "0.20.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/sunos-x64/-/sunos-x64-0.20.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-ZnWEyCM0G1Ex6JtsygvC3KUUrlDXqOihw8RicRuQAzw+c4f1D66YlPNNV3rkjVW90zXVsHwZYWbJh3v+oQFM9Q==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "x64"
+      ],
+      "dev": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "sunos"
+      ],
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@esbuild/win32-arm64": {
+      "version": "0.20.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/win32-arm64/-/win32-arm64-0.20.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-QZ6gXue0vVQY2Oon9WyLFCdSuYbXSoxaZrPuJ4c20j6ICedfsDilNPYfHLlMH7vGfU5DQR0czHLmJvH4Nzis/A==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "arm64"
+      ],
+      "dev": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "win32"
+      ],
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@esbuild/win32-ia32": {
+      "version": "0.20.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/win32-ia32/-/win32-ia32-0.20.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-HzcJa1NcSWTAU0MJIxOho8JftNp9YALui3o+Ny7hCh0v5f90nprly1U3Sj1Ldj/CvKKdvvFsCRvDkpsEMp4DNw==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "ia32"
+      ],
+      "dev": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "win32"
+      ],
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@esbuild/win32-x64": {
+      "version": "0.20.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/win32-x64/-/win32-x64-0.20.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-0MBh53o6XtI6ctDnRMeQ+xoCN8kD2qI1rY1KgF/xdWQwoFeKou7puvDfV8/Wv4Ctx2rRpET/gGdz3YlNtNACSA==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "x64"
+      ],
+      "dev": true,
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "win32"
+      ],
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@noble/curves": {
+      "resolved": "..",
+      "link": true
+    },
+    "node_modules/esbuild": {
+      "version": "0.20.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/esbuild/-/esbuild-0.20.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-OJwEgrpWm/PCMsLVWXKqvcjme3bHNpOgN7Tb6cQnR5n0TPbQx1/Xrn7rqM+wn17bYeT6MGB5sn1Bh5YiGi70nA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "hasInstallScript": true,
+      "bin": {
+        "esbuild": "bin/esbuild"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      },
+      "optionalDependencies": {
+        "@esbuild/aix-ppc64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/android-arm": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/android-arm64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/android-x64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/darwin-arm64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/darwin-x64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/freebsd-arm64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/freebsd-x64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/linux-arm": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/linux-arm64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/linux-ia32": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/linux-loong64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/linux-mips64el": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/linux-ppc64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/linux-riscv64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/linux-s390x": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/linux-x64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/netbsd-x64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/openbsd-x64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/sunos-x64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/win32-arm64": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/win32-ia32": "0.20.1",
+        "@esbuild/win32-x64": "0.20.1"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

build/package.json

@@ -2,17 +2,13 @@
   "name": "build",
   "private": true,
   "version": "1.0.0",
-  "description": "Used to build a single file",
   "main": "input.js",
-  "keywords": [],
   "type": "module",
-  "author": "",
-  "license": "MIT",
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@noble/curves": "..",
-    "esbuild": "0.18.11"
+    "@noble/curves": "file:..",
+    "esbuild": "0.20.1"
   },
   "scripts": {
-    "build": "npx esbuild --bundle input.js --outfile=noble-curves.js --global-name=nobleCurves"
+    "build:release": "npx esbuild --bundle input.js --outfile=`npx jsbt outfile` --global-name=`npx jsbt global`"
   }
 }

package-lock.json

@@ -1,31 +1,32 @@
 {
-  "name": "@noble/curves",
-  "version": "1.2.0",
+  "name": "@tornado/noble-curves",
+  "version": "1.4.0",
   "lockfileVersion": 3,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
-      "name": "@noble/curves",
-      "version": "1.2.0",
+      "name": "@tornado/noble-curves",
+      "version": "1.4.0",
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
-        "@noble/hashes": "1.3.2"
+        "@noble/hashes": "1.4.0"
       },
       "devDependencies": {
+        "@paulmillr/jsbt": "0.1.0",
         "fast-check": "3.0.0",
         "micro-bmark": "0.3.1",
         "micro-should": "0.4.0",
-        "prettier": "2.8.4",
-        "typescript": "5.0.2"
+        "prettier": "3.1.1",
+        "typescript": "5.3.2"
       },
       "funding": {
         "url": "https://paulmillr.com/funding/"
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@noble/hashes": {
-      "version": "1.3.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@noble/hashes/-/hashes-1.3.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-MVC8EAQp7MvEcm30KWENFjgR+Mkmf+D189XJTkFIlwohU5hcBbn1ZkKq7KVTi2Hme3PMGF390DaL52beVrIihQ==",
+      "version": "1.4.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@noble/hashes/-/hashes-1.4.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-V1JJ1WTRUqHHrOSh597hURcMqVKVGL/ea3kv0gSnEdsEZ0/+VyPghM1lMNGc00z7CIQorSvbKpuJkxvuHbvdbg==",
       "engines": {
         "node": ">= 16"
       },
@@ -33,6 +34,15 @@
         "url": "https://paulmillr.com/funding/"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@paulmillr/jsbt": {
+      "version": "0.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@paulmillr/jsbt/-/jsbt-0.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-TdowoHD36hkZARv6LW4jenkVTdK2vP0sy4ZM8E9MxaqAAIRdwmn3RlB+zWkEHi4hKTgLqMGkURfNkFtt0STX2Q==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "bin": {
+        "jsbt": "jsbt.js"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/fast-check": {
       "version": "3.0.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fast-check/-/fast-check-3.0.0.tgz",
@@ -62,15 +72,15 @@
       "dev": true
     },
     "node_modules/prettier": {
-      "version": "2.8.4",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/prettier/-/prettier-2.8.4.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-vIS4Rlc2FNh0BySk3Wkd6xmwxB0FpOndW5fisM5H8hsZSxU2VWVB5CWIkIjWvrHjIhxk2g3bfMKM87zNTrZddw==",
+      "version": "3.1.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/prettier/-/prettier-3.1.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-22UbSzg8luF4UuZtzgiUOfcGM8s4tjBv6dJRT7j275NXsy2jb4aJa4NNveul5x4eqlF1wuhuR2RElK71RvmVaw==",
       "dev": true,
       "bin": {
-        "prettier": "bin-prettier.js"
+        "prettier": "bin/prettier.cjs"
       },
       "engines": {
-        "node": ">=10.13.0"
+        "node": ">=14"
       },
       "funding": {
         "url": "https://github.com/prettier/prettier?sponsor=1"
@@ -93,16 +103,16 @@
       ]
     },
     "node_modules/typescript": {
-      "version": "5.0.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/typescript/-/typescript-5.0.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-wVORMBGO/FAs/++blGNeAVdbNKtIh1rbBL2EyQ1+J9lClJ93KiiKe8PmFIVdXhHcyv44SL9oglmfeSsndo0jRw==",
+      "version": "5.3.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/typescript/-/typescript-5.3.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-6l+RyNy7oAHDfxC4FzSJcz9vnjTKxrLpDG5M2Vu4SHRVNg6xzqZp6LYSR9zjqQTu8DU/f5xwxUdADOkbrIX2gQ==",
       "dev": true,
       "bin": {
         "tsc": "bin/tsc",
         "tsserver": "bin/tsserver"
       },
       "engines": {
-        "node": ">=12.20"
+        "node": ">=14.17"
       }
     }
   }

package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
-  "name": "@noble/curves",
-  "version": "1.2.0",
+  "name": "@tornado/noble-curves",
+  "version": "1.4.0",
   "description": "Audited & minimal JS implementation of elliptic curve cryptography",
   "files": [
     "abstract",
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
   "scripts": {
     "bench": "cd benchmark; node secp256k1.js; node curves.js; node ecdh.js; node hash-to-curve.js; node modular.js; node bls.js; node ristretto255.js; node decaf448.js",
     "build": "tsc && tsc -p tsconfig.esm.json",
-    "build:release": "rollup -c rollup.config.js",
+    "build:release": "cd build && npm i && npm run build",
     "build:clean": "rm *.{js,d.ts,d.ts.map,js.map} esm/*.{js,d.ts,d.ts.map,js.map} 2> /dev/null",
     "lint": "prettier --check 'src/**/*.{js,ts}' 'test/*.js'",
     "format": "prettier --write 'src/**/*.{js,ts}' 'test/*.js'",
@@ -24,18 +24,19 @@
   "homepage": "https://paulmillr.com/noble/",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
-    "url": "https://github.com/paulmillr/noble-curves.git"
+    "url": "https://git.tornado.ws/tornado-packages/noble-curvest"
   },
   "license": "MIT",
   "dependencies": {
-    "@noble/hashes": "1.3.2"
+    "@noble/hashes": "1.4.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@paulmillr/jsbt": "0.1.0",
     "fast-check": "3.0.0",
     "micro-bmark": "0.3.1",
     "micro-should": "0.4.0",
-    "prettier": "2.8.4",
-    "typescript": "5.0.2"
+    "prettier": "3.1.1",
+    "typescript": "5.3.2"
   },
   "sideEffects": false,
   "main": "index.js",

src/abstract/bls.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,11 @@
 import { AffinePoint } from './curve.js';
 import { IField, getMinHashLength, mapHashToField } from './modular.js';
 import { Hex, PrivKey, CHash, bitLen, bitGet, ensureBytes } from './utils.js';
-import * as htf from './hash-to-curve.js';
+// prettier-ignore
+import {
+  MapToCurve, Opts as HTFOpts, H2CPointConstructor, htfBasicOpts,
+  createHasher
+} from './hash-to-curve.js';
 import {
   CurvePointsType,
   ProjPointType as ProjPointType,
@@ -27,6 +31,12 @@ type Fp = bigint; // Can be different field?
 // prettier-ignore
 const _2n = BigInt(2), _3n = BigInt(3);
 
+export type ShortSignatureCoder<Fp> = {
+  fromHex(hex: Hex): ProjPointType<Fp>;
+  toRawBytes(point: ProjPointType<Fp>): Uint8Array;
+  toHex(point: ProjPointType<Fp>): string;
+};
+
 export type SignatureCoder<Fp2> = {
   fromHex(hex: Hex): ProjPointType<Fp2>;
   toRawBytes(point: ProjPointType<Fp2>): Uint8Array;
@@ -35,13 +45,14 @@ export type SignatureCoder<Fp2> = {
 
 export type CurveType<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = {
   G1: Omit<CurvePointsType<Fp>, 'n'> & {
-    mapToCurve: htf.MapToCurve<Fp>;
-    htfDefaults: htf.Opts;
+    ShortSignature: SignatureCoder<Fp>;
+    mapToCurve: MapToCurve<Fp>;
+    htfDefaults: HTFOpts;
   };
   G2: Omit<CurvePointsType<Fp2>, 'n'> & {
     Signature: SignatureCoder<Fp2>;
-    mapToCurve: htf.MapToCurve<Fp2>;
-    htfDefaults: htf.Opts;
+    mapToCurve: MapToCurve<Fp2>;
+    htfDefaults: HTFOpts;
   };
   fields: {
     Fp: IField<Fp>;
@@ -63,26 +74,39 @@ export type CurveType<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = {
     x: bigint;
     r: bigint;
   };
-  htfDefaults: htf.Opts;
+  htfDefaults: HTFOpts;
   hash: CHash; // Because we need outputLen for DRBG
   randomBytes: (bytesLength?: number) => Uint8Array;
 };
 
 export type CurveFn<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = {
   getPublicKey: (privateKey: PrivKey) => Uint8Array;
+  getPublicKeyForShortSignatures: (privateKey: PrivKey) => Uint8Array;
   sign: {
-    (message: Hex, privateKey: PrivKey): Uint8Array;
-    (message: ProjPointType<Fp2>, privateKey: PrivKey): ProjPointType<Fp2>;
+    (message: Hex, privateKey: PrivKey, htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts): Uint8Array;
+    (message: ProjPointType<Fp2>, privateKey: PrivKey, htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts): ProjPointType<Fp2>;
+  };
+  signShortSignature: {
+    (message: Hex, privateKey: PrivKey, htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts): Uint8Array;
+    (message: ProjPointType<Fp>, privateKey: PrivKey, htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts): ProjPointType<Fp>;
   };
   verify: (
     signature: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp2>,
     message: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp2>,
-    publicKey: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp>
+    publicKey: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp>,
+    htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts
+  ) => boolean;
+  verifyShortSignature: (
+    signature: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp>,
+    message: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp>,
+    publicKey: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp2>,
+    htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts
   ) => boolean;
   verifyBatch: (
     signature: Hex | ProjPointType<Fp2>,
     messages: (Hex | ProjPointType<Fp2>)[],
-    publicKeys: (Hex | ProjPointType<Fp>)[]
+    publicKeys: (Hex | ProjPointType<Fp>)[],
+    htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts
   ) => boolean;
   aggregatePublicKeys: {
     (publicKeys: Hex[]): Uint8Array;
@@ -92,11 +116,16 @@ export type CurveFn<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = {
     (signatures: Hex[]): Uint8Array;
     (signatures: ProjPointType<Fp2>[]): ProjPointType<Fp2>;
   };
+  aggregateShortSignatures: {
+    (signatures: Hex[]): Uint8Array;
+    (signatures: ProjPointType<Fp>[]): ProjPointType<Fp>;
+  };
   millerLoop: (ell: [Fp2, Fp2, Fp2][], g1: [Fp, Fp]) => Fp12;
   pairing: (P: ProjPointType<Fp>, Q: ProjPointType<Fp2>, withFinalExponent?: boolean) => Fp12;
-  G1: CurvePointsRes<Fp> & ReturnType<typeof htf.createHasher<Fp>>;
-  G2: CurvePointsRes<Fp2> & ReturnType<typeof htf.createHasher<Fp2>>;
+  G1: CurvePointsRes<Fp> & ReturnType<typeof createHasher<Fp>>;
+  G2: CurvePointsRes<Fp2> & ReturnType<typeof createHasher<Fp2>>;
   Signature: SignatureCoder<Fp2>;
+  ShortSignature: ShortSignatureCoder<Fp>;
   params: {
     x: bigint;
     r: bigint;
@@ -198,7 +227,7 @@ export function bls<Fp2, Fp6, Fp12>(
   const G1_ = weierstrassPoints({ n: Fr.ORDER, ...CURVE.G1 });
   const G1 = Object.assign(
     G1_,
-    htf.createHasher(G1_.ProjectivePoint, CURVE.G1.mapToCurve, {
+    createHasher(G1_.ProjectivePoint, CURVE.G1.mapToCurve, {
       ...CURVE.htfDefaults,
       ...CURVE.G1.htfDefaults,
     })
@@ -224,12 +253,13 @@ export function bls<Fp2, Fp6, Fp12>(
   const G2_ = weierstrassPoints({ n: Fr.ORDER, ...CURVE.G2 });
   const G2 = Object.assign(
     G2_,
-    htf.createHasher(G2_.ProjectivePoint as htf.H2CPointConstructor<Fp2>, CURVE.G2.mapToCurve, {
+    createHasher(G2_.ProjectivePoint as H2CPointConstructor<Fp2>, CURVE.G2.mapToCurve, {
       ...CURVE.htfDefaults,
       ...CURVE.G2.htfDefaults,
     })
   );
 
+  const { ShortSignature } = CURVE.G1;
   const { Signature } = CURVE.G2;
 
   // Calculates bilinear pairing
@@ -251,26 +281,37 @@ export function bls<Fp2, Fp6, Fp12>(
   function normP1(point: G1Hex): G1 {
     return point instanceof G1.ProjectivePoint ? (point as G1) : G1.ProjectivePoint.fromHex(point);
   }
+  function normP1Hash(point: G1Hex, htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts): G1 {
+    return point instanceof G1.ProjectivePoint
+      ? point
+      : (G1.hashToCurve(ensureBytes('point', point), htfOpts) as G1);
+  }
   function normP2(point: G2Hex): G2 {
     return point instanceof G2.ProjectivePoint ? point : Signature.fromHex(point);
   }
-  function normP2Hash(point: G2Hex, htfOpts?: htf.htfBasicOpts): G2 {
+  function normP2Hash(point: G2Hex, htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts): G2 {
     return point instanceof G2.ProjectivePoint
       ? point
       : (G2.hashToCurve(ensureBytes('point', point), htfOpts) as G2);
   }
 
-  // Multiplies generator by private key.
+  // Multiplies generator (G1) by private key.
   // P = pk x G
   function getPublicKey(privateKey: PrivKey): Uint8Array {
     return G1.ProjectivePoint.fromPrivateKey(privateKey).toRawBytes(true);
   }
 
+  // Multiplies generator (G2) by private key.
+  // P = pk x G
+  function getPublicKeyForShortSignatures(privateKey: PrivKey): Uint8Array {
+    return G2.ProjectivePoint.fromPrivateKey(privateKey).toRawBytes(true);
+  }
+
   // Executes `hashToCurve` on the message and then multiplies the result by private key.
   // S = pk x H(m)
-  function sign(message: Hex, privateKey: PrivKey, htfOpts?: htf.htfBasicOpts): Uint8Array;
-  function sign(message: G2, privateKey: PrivKey, htfOpts?: htf.htfBasicOpts): G2;
-  function sign(message: G2Hex, privateKey: PrivKey, htfOpts?: htf.htfBasicOpts): Uint8Array | G2 {
+  function sign(message: Hex, privateKey: PrivKey, htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts): Uint8Array;
+  function sign(message: G2, privateKey: PrivKey, htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts): G2;
+  function sign(message: G2Hex, privateKey: PrivKey, htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts): Uint8Array | G2 {
     const msgPoint = normP2Hash(message, htfOpts);
     msgPoint.assertValidity();
     const sigPoint = msgPoint.multiply(G1.normPrivateKeyToScalar(privateKey));
@@ -278,13 +319,31 @@ export function bls<Fp2, Fp6, Fp12>(
     return Signature.toRawBytes(sigPoint);
   }
 
+  function signShortSignature(
+    message: Hex,
+    privateKey: PrivKey,
+    htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts
+  ): Uint8Array;
+  function signShortSignature(message: G1, privateKey: PrivKey, htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts): G1;
+  function signShortSignature(
+    message: G1Hex,
+    privateKey: PrivKey,
+    htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts
+  ): Uint8Array | G1 {
+    const msgPoint = normP1Hash(message, htfOpts);
+    msgPoint.assertValidity();
+    const sigPoint = msgPoint.multiply(G1.normPrivateKeyToScalar(privateKey));
+    if (message instanceof G1.ProjectivePoint) return sigPoint;
+    return ShortSignature.toRawBytes(sigPoint);
+  }
+
   // Checks if pairing of public key & hash is equal to pairing of generator & signature.
   // e(P, H(m)) == e(G, S)
   function verify(
     signature: G2Hex,
     message: G2Hex,
     publicKey: G1Hex,
-    htfOpts?: htf.htfBasicOpts
+    htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts
   ): boolean {
     const P = normP1(publicKey);
     const Hm = normP2Hash(message, htfOpts);
@@ -298,6 +357,26 @@ export function bls<Fp2, Fp6, Fp12>(
     return Fp12.eql(exp, Fp12.ONE);
   }
 
+  // Checks if pairing of public key & hash is equal to pairing of generator & signature.
+  // e(S, G) == e(H(m), P)
+  function verifyShortSignature(
+    signature: G1Hex,
+    message: G1Hex,
+    publicKey: G2Hex,
+    htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts
+  ): boolean {
+    const P = normP2(publicKey);
+    const Hm = normP1Hash(message, htfOpts);
+    const G = G2.ProjectivePoint.BASE;
+    const S = normP1(signature);
+    // Instead of doing 2 exponentiations, we use property of billinear maps
+    // and do one exp after multiplying 2 points.
+    const eHmP = pairing(Hm, P, false);
+    const eSG = pairing(S, G.negate(), false);
+    const exp = Fp12.finalExponentiate(Fp12.mul(eSG, eHmP));
+    return Fp12.eql(exp, Fp12.ONE);
+  }
+
   // Adds a bunch of public key points together.
   // pk1 + pk2 + pk3 = pkA
   function aggregatePublicKeys(publicKeys: Hex[]): Uint8Array;
@@ -328,13 +407,27 @@ export function bls<Fp2, Fp6, Fp12>(
     return Signature.toRawBytes(aggAffine);
   }
 
+  // Adds a bunch of signature points together.
+  function aggregateShortSignatures(signatures: Hex[]): Uint8Array;
+  function aggregateShortSignatures(signatures: G1[]): G1;
+  function aggregateShortSignatures(signatures: G1Hex[]): Uint8Array | G1 {
+    if (!signatures.length) throw new Error('Expected non-empty array');
+    const agg = signatures.map(normP1).reduce((sum, s) => sum.add(s), G1.ProjectivePoint.ZERO);
+    const aggAffine = agg; //.toAffine();
+    if (signatures[0] instanceof G1.ProjectivePoint) {
+      aggAffine.assertValidity();
+      return aggAffine;
+    }
+    return ShortSignature.toRawBytes(aggAffine);
+  }
+
   // https://ethresear.ch/t/fast-verification-of-multiple-bls-signatures/5407
   // e(G, S) = e(G, SUM(n)(Si)) = MUL(n)(e(G, Si))
   function verifyBatch(
     signature: G2Hex,
     messages: G2Hex[],
     publicKeys: G1Hex[],
-    htfOpts?: htf.htfBasicOpts
+    htfOpts?: htfBasicOpts
   ): boolean {
     // @ts-ignore
     // console.log('verifyBatch', bytesToHex(signature as any), messages, publicKeys.map(bytesToHex));
@@ -370,16 +463,21 @@ export function bls<Fp2, Fp6, Fp12>(
 
   return {
     getPublicKey,
+    getPublicKeyForShortSignatures,
     sign,
+    signShortSignature,
     verify,
     verifyBatch,
+    verifyShortSignature,
     aggregatePublicKeys,
     aggregateSignatures,
+    aggregateShortSignatures,
     millerLoop,
     pairing,
     G1,
     G2,
     Signature,
+    ShortSignature,
     fields: {
       Fr,
       Fp,

src/abstract/hash-to-curve.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 /*! noble-curves - MIT License (c) 2022 Paul Miller (paulmillr.com) */
 import type { Group, GroupConstructor, AffinePoint } from './curve.js';
 import { mod, IField } from './modular.js';
-import { bytesToNumberBE, CHash, concatBytes, utf8ToBytes, validateObject } from './utils.js';
+import type { CHash } from './utils.js';
+import { bytesToNumberBE, abytes, concatBytes, utf8ToBytes, validateObject } from './utils.js';
 
 /**
  * * `DST` is a domain separation tag, defined in section 2.2.5
@@ -21,12 +22,6 @@ export type Opts = {
   hash: CHash;
 };
 
-function validateDST(dst: UnicodeOrBytes): Uint8Array {
-  if (dst instanceof Uint8Array) return dst;
-  if (typeof dst === 'string') return utf8ToBytes(dst);
-  throw new Error('DST must be Uint8Array or string');
-}
-
 // Octet Stream to Integer. "spec" implementation of os2ip is 2.5x slower vs bytesToNumberBE.
 const os2ip = bytesToNumberBE;
 
@@ -51,10 +46,7 @@ function strxor(a: Uint8Array, b: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
   return arr;
 }
 
-function isBytes(item: unknown): void {
-  if (!(item instanceof Uint8Array)) throw new Error('Uint8Array expected');
-}
-function isNum(item: unknown): void {
+function anum(item: unknown): void {
   if (!Number.isSafeInteger(item)) throw new Error('number expected');
 }
 
@@ -66,9 +58,9 @@ export function expand_message_xmd(
   lenInBytes: number,
   H: CHash
 ): Uint8Array {
-  isBytes(msg);
-  isBytes(DST);
-  isNum(lenInBytes);
+  abytes(msg);
+  abytes(DST);
+  anum(lenInBytes);
   // https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9380#section-5.3.3
   if (DST.length > 255) DST = H(concatBytes(utf8ToBytes('H2C-OVERSIZE-DST-'), DST));
   const { outputLen: b_in_bytes, blockLen: r_in_bytes } = H;
@@ -100,9 +92,9 @@ export function expand_message_xof(
   k: number,
   H: CHash
 ): Uint8Array {
-  isBytes(msg);
-  isBytes(DST);
-  isNum(lenInBytes);
+  abytes(msg);
+  abytes(DST);
+  anum(lenInBytes);
   // https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9380#section-5.3.3
   // DST = H('H2C-OVERSIZE-DST-' || a_very_long_DST, Math.ceil((lenInBytes * k) / 8));
   if (DST.length > 255) {
@@ -139,9 +131,9 @@ export function hash_to_field(msg: Uint8Array, count: number, options: Opts): bi
     hash: 'hash',
   });
   const { p, k, m, hash, expand, DST: _DST } = options;
-  isBytes(msg);
-  isNum(count);
-  const DST = validateDST(_DST);
+  abytes(msg);
+  anum(count);
+  const DST = typeof _DST === 'string' ? utf8ToBytes(_DST) : _DST;
   const log2p = p.toString(2).length;
   const L = Math.ceil((log2p + k) / 8); // section 5.1 of ietf draft link above
   const len_in_bytes = count * m * L;

src/abstract/montgomery.ts

@@ -150,17 +150,15 @@ export function montgomery(curveDef: CurveType): CurveFn {
   function decodeUCoordinate(uEnc: Hex): bigint {
     // Section 5: When receiving such an array, implementations of X25519
     // MUST mask the most significant bit in the final byte.
-    // This is very ugly way, but it works because fieldLen-1 is outside of bounds for X448, so this becomes NOOP
-    // fieldLen - scalaryBytes = 1 for X448 and = 0 for X25519
     const u = ensureBytes('u coordinate', uEnc, montgomeryBytes);
-    // u[fieldLen-1] crashes QuickJS (TypeError: out-of-bound numeric index)
-    if (fieldLen === montgomeryBytes) u[fieldLen - 1] &= 127; // 0b0111_1111
+    if (fieldLen === 32) u[31] &= 127; // 0b0111_1111
     return bytesToNumberLE(u);
   }
   function decodeScalar(n: Hex): bigint {
     const bytes = ensureBytes('scalar', n);
-    if (bytes.length !== montgomeryBytes && bytes.length !== fieldLen)
-      throw new Error(`Expected ${montgomeryBytes} or ${fieldLen} bytes, got ${bytes.length}`);
+    const len = bytes.length;
+    if (len !== montgomeryBytes && len !== fieldLen)
+      throw new Error(`Expected ${montgomeryBytes} or ${fieldLen} bytes, got ${len}`);
     return bytesToNumberLE(adjustScalarBytes(bytes));
   }
   function scalarMult(scalar: Hex, u: Hex): Uint8Array {

src/abstract/utils.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 const _0n = BigInt(0);
 const _1n = BigInt(1);
 const _2n = BigInt(2);
-const u8a = (a: any): a is Uint8Array => a instanceof Uint8Array;
 export type Hex = Uint8Array | string; // hex strings are accepted for simplicity
 export type PrivKey = Hex | bigint; // bigints are accepted to ease learning curve
 export type CHash = {
@@ -17,6 +16,18 @@ export type CHash = {
 };
 export type FHash = (message: Uint8Array | string) => Uint8Array;
 
+export function isBytes(a: unknown): a is Uint8Array {
+  return (
+    a instanceof Uint8Array ||
+    (a != null && typeof a === 'object' && a.constructor.name === 'Uint8Array')
+  );
+}
+
+export function abytes(item: unknown): void {
+  if (!isBytes(item)) throw new Error('Uint8Array expected');
+}
+
+// Array where index 0xf0 (240) is mapped to string 'f0'
 const hexes = /* @__PURE__ */ Array.from({ length: 256 }, (_, i) =>
   i.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')
 );
@@ -24,7 +35,7 @@ const hexes = /* @__PURE__ */ Array.from({ length: 256 }, (_, i) =>
  * @example bytesToHex(Uint8Array.from([0xca, 0xfe, 0x01, 0x23])) // 'cafe0123'
  */
 export function bytesToHex(bytes: Uint8Array): string {
-  if (!u8a(bytes)) throw new Error('Uint8Array expected');
+  abytes(bytes);
   // pre-caching improves the speed 6x
   let hex = '';
   for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
@@ -44,20 +55,32 @@ export function hexToNumber(hex: string): bigint {
   return BigInt(hex === '' ? '0' : `0x${hex}`);
 }
 
+// We use optimized technique to convert hex string to byte array
+const asciis = { _0: 48, _9: 57, _A: 65, _F: 70, _a: 97, _f: 102 } as const;
+function asciiToBase16(char: number): number | undefined {
+  if (char >= asciis._0 && char <= asciis._9) return char - asciis._0;
+  if (char >= asciis._A && char <= asciis._F) return char - (asciis._A - 10);
+  if (char >= asciis._a && char <= asciis._f) return char - (asciis._a - 10);
+  return;
+}
+
 /**
  * @example hexToBytes('cafe0123') // Uint8Array.from([0xca, 0xfe, 0x01, 0x23])
  */
 export function hexToBytes(hex: string): Uint8Array {
   if (typeof hex !== 'string') throw new Error('hex string expected, got ' + typeof hex);
-  const len = hex.length;
-  if (len % 2) throw new Error('padded hex string expected, got unpadded hex of length ' + len);
-  const array = new Uint8Array(len / 2);
-  for (let i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
-    const j = i * 2;
-    const hexByte = hex.slice(j, j + 2);
-    const byte = Number.parseInt(hexByte, 16);
-    if (Number.isNaN(byte) || byte < 0) throw new Error('Invalid byte sequence');
-    array[i] = byte;
+  const hl = hex.length;
+  const al = hl / 2;
+  if (hl % 2) throw new Error('padded hex string expected, got unpadded hex of length ' + hl);
+  const array = new Uint8Array(al);
+  for (let ai = 0, hi = 0; ai < al; ai++, hi += 2) {
+    const n1 = asciiToBase16(hex.charCodeAt(hi));
+    const n2 = asciiToBase16(hex.charCodeAt(hi + 1));
+    if (n1 === undefined || n2 === undefined) {
+      const char = hex[hi] + hex[hi + 1];
+      throw new Error('hex string expected, got non-hex character "' + char + '" at index ' + hi);
+    }
+    array[ai] = n1 * 16 + n2;
   }
   return array;
 }
@@ -67,7 +90,7 @@ export function bytesToNumberBE(bytes: Uint8Array): bigint {
   return hexToNumber(bytesToHex(bytes));
 }
 export function bytesToNumberLE(bytes: Uint8Array): bigint {
-  if (!u8a(bytes)) throw new Error('Uint8Array expected');
+  abytes(bytes);
   return hexToNumber(bytesToHex(Uint8Array.from(bytes).reverse()));
 }
 
@@ -99,7 +122,7 @@ export function ensureBytes(title: string, hex: Hex, expectedLength?: number): U
     } catch (e) {
       throw new Error(`${title} must be valid hex string, got "${hex}". Cause: ${e}`);
     }
-  } else if (u8a(hex)) {
+  } else if (isBytes(hex)) {
     // Uint8Array.from() instead of hash.slice() because node.js Buffer
     // is instance of Uint8Array, and its slice() creates **mutable** copy
     res = Uint8Array.from(hex);
@@ -116,21 +139,27 @@ export function ensureBytes(title: string, hex: Hex, expectedLength?: number): U
  * Copies several Uint8Arrays into one.
  */
 export function concatBytes(...arrays: Uint8Array[]): Uint8Array {
-  const r = new Uint8Array(arrays.reduce((sum, a) => sum + a.length, 0));
-  let pad = 0; // walk through each item, ensure they have proper type
-  arrays.forEach((a) => {
-    if (!u8a(a)) throw new Error('Uint8Array expected');
-    r.set(a, pad);
+  let sum = 0;
+  for (let i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {
+    const a = arrays[i];
+    abytes(a);
+    sum += a.length;
+  }
+  const res = new Uint8Array(sum);
+  for (let i = 0, pad = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {
+    const a = arrays[i];
+    res.set(a, pad);
     pad += a.length;
-  });
-  return r;
+  }
+  return res;
 }
 
-export function equalBytes(b1: Uint8Array, b2: Uint8Array) {
-  // We don't care about timing attacks here
-  if (b1.length !== b2.length) return false;
-  for (let i = 0; i < b1.length; i++) if (b1[i] !== b2[i]) return false;
-  return true;
+// Compares 2 u8a-s in kinda constant time
+export function equalBytes(a: Uint8Array, b: Uint8Array) {
+  if (a.length !== b.length) return false;
+  let diff = 0;
+  for (let i = 0; i < a.length; i++) diff |= a[i] ^ b[i];
+  return diff === 0;
 }
 
 // Global symbols in both browsers and Node.js since v11
@@ -169,9 +198,9 @@ export function bitGet(n: bigint, pos: number) {
 /**
  * Sets single bit at position.
  */
-export const bitSet = (n: bigint, pos: number, value: boolean) => {
+export function bitSet(n: bigint, pos: number, value: boolean) {
   return n | ((value ? _1n : _0n) << BigInt(pos));
-};
+}
 
 /**
  * Calculate mask for N bits. Not using ** operator with bigints because of old engines.
@@ -248,7 +277,7 @@ const validatorFns = {
   function: (val: any) => typeof val === 'function',
   boolean: (val: any) => typeof val === 'boolean',
   string: (val: any) => typeof val === 'string',
-  stringOrUint8Array: (val: any) => typeof val === 'string' || val instanceof Uint8Array,
+  stringOrUint8Array: (val: any) => typeof val === 'string' || isBytes(val),
   isSafeInteger: (val: any) => Number.isSafeInteger(val),
   array: (val: any) => Array.isArray(val),
   field: (val: any, object: any) => (object as any).Fp.isValid(val),

src/abstract/weierstrass.ts

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export type BasicWCurve<T> = BasicCurve<T> & {
   clearCofactor?: (c: ProjConstructor<T>, point: ProjPointType<T>) => ProjPointType<T>;
 };
 
-type Entropy = Hex | true;
+type Entropy = Hex | boolean;
 export type SignOpts = { lowS?: boolean; extraEntropy?: Entropy; prehash?: boolean };
 export type VerOpts = { lowS?: boolean; prehash?: boolean };
 
@@ -123,6 +123,7 @@ function validatePointOpts<T>(curve: CurvePointsType<T>) {
 }
 
 export type CurvePointsRes<T> = {
+  CURVE: ReturnType<typeof validatePointOpts<T>>;
   ProjectivePoint: ProjConstructor<T>;
   normPrivateKeyToScalar: (key: PrivKey) => bigint;
   weierstrassEquation: (x: T) => T;
@@ -157,7 +158,7 @@ export const DER = {
     // parse DER signature
     const { Err: E } = DER;
     const data = typeof hex === 'string' ? h2b(hex) : hex;
-    if (!(data instanceof Uint8Array)) throw new Error('ui8a expected');
+    ut.abytes(data);
     let l = data.length;
     if (l < 2 || data[0] != 0x30) throw new E('Invalid signature tag');
     if (data[1] !== l - 2) throw new E('Invalid signature: incorrect length');
@@ -187,7 +188,7 @@ export const DER = {
 // prettier-ignore
 const _0n = BigInt(0), _1n = BigInt(1), _2n = BigInt(2), _3n = BigInt(3), _4n = BigInt(4);
 
-export function weierstrassPoints<T>(opts: CurvePointsType<T>) {
+export function weierstrassPoints<T>(opts: CurvePointsType<T>): CurvePointsRes<T> {
   const CURVE = validatePointOpts(opts);
   const { Fp } = CURVE; // All curves has same field / group length as for now, but they can differ
 
@@ -237,7 +238,7 @@ export function weierstrassPoints<T>(opts: CurvePointsType<T>) {
   function normPrivateKeyToScalar(key: PrivKey): bigint {
     const { allowedPrivateKeyLengths: lengths, nByteLength, wrapPrivateKey, n } = CURVE;
     if (lengths && typeof key !== 'bigint') {
-      if (key instanceof Uint8Array) key = ut.bytesToHex(key);
+      if (ut.isBytes(key)) key = ut.bytesToHex(key);
       // Normalize to hex string, pad. E.g. P521 would norm 130-132 char hex to 132-char bytes
       if (typeof key !== 'string' || !lengths.includes(key.length)) throw new Error('Invalid key');
       key = key.padStart(nByteLength * 2, '0');
@@ -269,7 +270,11 @@ export function weierstrassPoints<T>(opts: CurvePointsType<T>) {
     static readonly BASE = new Point(CURVE.Gx, CURVE.Gy, Fp.ONE);
     static readonly ZERO = new Point(Fp.ZERO, Fp.ONE, Fp.ZERO);
 
-    constructor(readonly px: T, readonly py: T, readonly pz: T) {
+    constructor(
+      readonly px: T,
+      readonly py: T,
+      readonly pz: T
+    ) {
       if (px == null || !Fp.isValid(px)) throw new Error('x required');
       if (py == null || !Fp.isValid(py)) throw new Error('y required');
       if (pz == null || !Fp.isValid(pz)) throw new Error('z required');
@@ -728,7 +733,13 @@ export function weierstrass(curveDef: CurveType): CurveFn {
         const x = ut.bytesToNumberBE(tail);
         if (!isValidFieldElement(x)) throw new Error('Point is not on curve');
         const y2 = weierstrassEquation(x); // y² = x³ + ax + b
-        let y = Fp.sqrt(y2); // y = y² ^ (p+1)/4
+        let y: bigint;
+        try {
+          y = Fp.sqrt(y2); // y = y² ^ (p+1)/4
+        } catch (sqrtError) {
+          const suffix = sqrtError instanceof Error ? ': ' + sqrtError.message : '';
+          throw new Error('Point is not on curve' + suffix);
+        }
         const isYOdd = (y & _1n) === _1n;
         // ECDSA
         const isHeadOdd = (head & 1) === 1;
@@ -763,7 +774,11 @@ export function weierstrass(curveDef: CurveType): CurveFn {
    * ECDSA signature with its (r, s) properties. Supports DER & compact representations.
    */
   class Signature implements SignatureType {
-    constructor(readonly r: bigint, readonly s: bigint, readonly recovery?: number) {
+    constructor(
+      readonly r: bigint,
+      readonly s: bigint,
+      readonly recovery?: number
+    ) {
       this.assertValidity();
     }
 
@@ -884,7 +899,7 @@ export function weierstrass(curveDef: CurveType): CurveFn {
    * Quick and dirty check for item being public key. Does not validate hex, or being on-curve.
    */
   function isProbPub(item: PrivKey | PubKey): boolean {
-    const arr = item instanceof Uint8Array;
+    const arr = ut.isBytes(item);
     const str = typeof item === 'string';
     const len = (arr || str) && (item as Hex).length;
     if (arr) return len === compressedLen || len === uncompressedLen;
@@ -962,7 +977,7 @@ export function weierstrass(curveDef: CurveType): CurveFn {
     const d = normPrivateKeyToScalar(privateKey); // validate private key, convert to bigint
     const seedArgs = [int2octets(d), int2octets(h1int)];
     // extraEntropy. RFC6979 3.6: additional k' (optional).
-    if (ent != null) {
+    if (ent != null && ent !== false) {
       // K = HMAC_K(V || 0x00 || int2octets(x) || bits2octets(h1) || k')
       const e = ent === true ? randomBytes(Fp.BYTES) : ent; // generate random bytes OR pass as-is
       seedArgs.push(ensureBytes('extraEntropy', e)); // check for being bytes
@@ -1048,7 +1063,7 @@ export function weierstrass(curveDef: CurveType): CurveFn {
     let _sig: Signature | undefined = undefined;
     let P: ProjPointType<bigint>;
     try {
-      if (typeof sg === 'string' || sg instanceof Uint8Array) {
+      if (typeof sg === 'string' || ut.isBytes(sg)) {
         // Signature can be represented in 2 ways: compact (2*nByteLength) & DER (variable-length).
         // Since DER can also be 2*nByteLength bytes, we check for it first.
         try {

src/bls12-381.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,9 @@
 /*! noble-curves - MIT License (c) 2022 Paul Miller (paulmillr.com) */
 
-// bls12-381 pairing-friendly Barreto-Lynn-Scott elliptic curve construction allows to:
-// - Construct zk-SNARKs at the 128-bit security
-// - Use threshold signatures, which allows a user to sign lots of messages with one signature and
-//   verify them swiftly in a batch, using Boneh-Lynn-Shacham signature scheme.
-//
-// The library uses G1 for public keys and G2 for signatures. Support for G1 signatures is planned.
-// Compatible with Algorand, Chia, Dfinity, Ethereum, FIL, Zcash. Matches specs
-// [pairing-curves-11](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-irtf-cfrg-pairing-friendly-curves-11),
-// [bls-sigs-04](https:/cfrg-hash-to/tools.ietf.org/html/draft-irtf-cfrg-bls-signature-04),
-// [hash-to-curve-12](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-irtf--curve-12).
+// bls12-381 is pairing-friendly Barreto-Lynn-Scott elliptic curve construction allowing to:
+// - Construct zk-SNARKs at the 120-bit security
+// - Efficiently verify N aggregate signatures with 1 pairing and N ec additions:
+//   the Boneh-Lynn-Shacham signature scheme is orders of magnitude more efficient than Schnorr
 //
 // ### Summary
 // 1. BLS Relies on Bilinear Pairing (expensive)
@@ -25,8 +19,17 @@
 // - `S = pk x H(m)` - signing
 // - `e(P, H(m)) == e(G, S)` - verification using pairings
 // - `e(G, S) = e(G, SUM(n)(Si)) = MUL(n)(e(G, Si))` - signature aggregation
-// Filecoin uses little endian byte arrays for private keys -
-// so ensure to reverse byte order if you'll use it with FIL.
+//
+// ### Compatibility and notes
+// 1. It is compatible with Algorand, Chia, Dfinity, Ethereum, Filecoin, ZEC
+//    Filecoin uses little endian byte arrays for private keys - make sure to reverse byte order.
+// 2. Some projects use G2 for public keys and G1 for signatures. It's called "short signature"
+// 3. Curve security level is about 120 bits as per Barbulescu-Duquesne 2017
+//    https://hal.science/hal-01534101/file/main.pdf
+// 4. Compatible with specs:
+// [cfrg-pairing-friendly-curves-11](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-irtf-cfrg-pairing-friendly-curves-11),
+// [cfrg-bls-signature-05](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-irtf-cfrg-bls-signature-05),
+// [RFC 9380](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9380).
 import { sha256 } from '@noble/hashes/sha256';
 import { randomBytes } from '@noble/hashes/utils';
 import { bls, CurveFn } from './abstract/bls.js';
@@ -37,7 +40,6 @@ import {
   numberToBytesBE,
   bytesToNumberBE,
   bitLen,
-  bitSet,
   bitGet,
   Hex,
   bitMask,
@@ -1016,11 +1018,41 @@ const htfDefaults = Object.freeze({
 
 // Encoding utils
 // Point on G1 curve: (x, y)
-const C_BIT_POS = Fp.BITS; // C_bit, compression bit for serialization flag
-const I_BIT_POS = Fp.BITS + 1; // I_bit, point-at-infinity bit for serialization flag
-const S_BIT_POS = Fp.BITS + 2; // S_bit, sign bit for serialization flag
+
 // Compressed point of infinity
-const COMPRESSED_ZERO = Fp.toBytes(bitSet(bitSet(_0n, I_BIT_POS, true), S_BIT_POS, true)); // set compressed & point-at-infinity bits
+const COMPRESSED_ZERO = setMask(Fp.toBytes(_0n), { infinity: true, compressed: true }); // set compressed & point-at-infinity bits
+
+function parseMask(bytes: Uint8Array) {
+  // Copy, so we can remove mask data. It will be removed also later, when Fp.create will call modulo.
+  bytes = bytes.slice();
+  const mask = bytes[0] & 0b1110_0000;
+  const compressed = !!((mask >> 7) & 1); // compression bit (0b1000_0000)
+  const infinity = !!((mask >> 6) & 1); // point at infinity bit (0b0100_0000)
+  const sort = !!((mask >> 5) & 1); // sort bit (0b0010_0000)
+  bytes[0] &= 0b0001_1111; // clear mask (zero first 3 bits)
+  return { compressed, infinity, sort, value: bytes };
+}
+
+function setMask(
+  bytes: Uint8Array,
+  mask: { compressed?: boolean; infinity?: boolean; sort?: boolean }
+) {
+  if (bytes[0] & 0b1110_0000) throw new Error('setMask: non-empty mask');
+  if (mask.compressed) bytes[0] |= 0b1000_0000;
+  if (mask.infinity) bytes[0] |= 0b0100_0000;
+  if (mask.sort) bytes[0] |= 0b0010_0000;
+  return bytes;
+}
+
+function signatureG1ToRawBytes(point: ProjPointType<Fp>) {
+  point.assertValidity();
+  const isZero = point.equals(bls12_381.G1.ProjectivePoint.ZERO);
+  const { x, y } = point.toAffine();
+  if (isZero) return COMPRESSED_ZERO.slice();
+  const P = Fp.ORDER;
+  const sort = Boolean((y * _2n) / P);
+  return setMask(numberToBytesBE(x, Fp.BYTES), { compressed: true, sort });
+}
 
 function signatureG2ToRawBytes(point: ProjPointType<Fp2>) {
   // NOTE: by some reasons it was missed in bls12-381, looks like bug
@@ -1032,10 +1064,12 @@ function signatureG2ToRawBytes(point: ProjPointType<Fp2>) {
   const { re: x0, im: x1 } = Fp2.reim(x);
   const { re: y0, im: y1 } = Fp2.reim(y);
   const tmp = y1 > _0n ? y1 * _2n : y0 * _2n;
-  const aflag1 = Boolean((tmp / Fp.ORDER) & _1n);
-  const z1 = bitSet(bitSet(x1, 381, aflag1), S_BIT_POS, true);
+  const sort = Boolean((tmp / Fp.ORDER) & _1n);
   const z2 = x0;
-  return concatB(numberToBytesBE(z1, len), numberToBytesBE(z2, len));
+  return concatB(
+    setMask(numberToBytesBE(x1, len), { sort, compressed: true }),
+    numberToBytesBE(z2, len)
+  );
 }
 
 // To verify curve parameters, see pairing-friendly-curves spec:
@@ -1074,7 +1108,7 @@ export const bls12_381: CurveFn<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = bls({
     ),
     a: Fp.ZERO,
     b: _4n,
-    htfDefaults: { ...htfDefaults, m: 1 },
+    htfDefaults: { ...htfDefaults, m: 1, DST: 'BLS_SIG_BLS12381G1_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_RO_NUL_' },
     wrapPrivateKey: true,
     allowInfinityPoint: true,
     // Checks is the point resides in prime-order subgroup.
@@ -1116,26 +1150,30 @@ export const bls12_381: CurveFn<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = bls({
       return isogenyMapG1(x, y);
     },
     fromBytes: (bytes: Uint8Array): AffinePoint<Fp> => {
-      bytes = bytes.slice();
-      if (bytes.length === 48) {
+      const { compressed, infinity, sort, value } = parseMask(bytes);
+      if (value.length === 48 && compressed) {
         // TODO: Fp.bytes
         const P = Fp.ORDER;
-        const compressedValue = bytesToNumberBE(bytes);
-        const bflag = bitGet(compressedValue, I_BIT_POS);
+        const compressedValue = bytesToNumberBE(value);
         // Zero
-        if (bflag === _1n) return { x: _0n, y: _0n };
         const x = Fp.create(compressedValue & Fp.MASK);
+        if (infinity) {
+          if (x !== _0n) throw new Error('G1: non-empty compressed point at infinity');
+          return { x: _0n, y: _0n };
+        }
         const right = Fp.add(Fp.pow(x, _3n), Fp.create(bls12_381.params.G1b)); // y² = x³ + b
         let y = Fp.sqrt(right);
         if (!y) throw new Error('Invalid compressed G1 point');
-        const aflag = bitGet(compressedValue, C_BIT_POS);
-        if ((y * _2n) / P !== aflag) y = Fp.neg(y);
+        if ((y * _2n) / P !== BigInt(sort)) y = Fp.neg(y);
         return { x: Fp.create(x), y: Fp.create(y) };
-      } else if (bytes.length === 96) {
+      } else if (value.length === 96 && !compressed) {
         // Check if the infinity flag is set
-        if ((bytes[0] & (1 << 6)) !== 0) return bls12_381.G1.ProjectivePoint.ZERO.toAffine();
-        const x = bytesToNumberBE(bytes.subarray(0, Fp.BYTES));
-        const y = bytesToNumberBE(bytes.subarray(Fp.BYTES));
+        const x = bytesToNumberBE(value.subarray(0, Fp.BYTES));
+        const y = bytesToNumberBE(value.subarray(Fp.BYTES));
+        if (infinity) {
+          if (x !== _0n || y !== _0n) throw new Error('G1: non-empty point at infinity');
+          return bls12_381.G1.ProjectivePoint.ZERO.toAffine();
+        }
         return { x: Fp.create(x), y: Fp.create(y) };
       } else {
         throw new Error('Invalid point G1, expected 48/96 bytes');
@@ -1147,10 +1185,8 @@ export const bls12_381: CurveFn<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = bls({
       if (isCompressed) {
         if (isZero) return COMPRESSED_ZERO.slice();
         const P = Fp.ORDER;
-        let num;
-        num = bitSet(x, C_BIT_POS, Boolean((y * _2n) / P)); // set aflag
-        num = bitSet(num, S_BIT_POS, true);
-        return numberToBytesBE(num, Fp.BYTES);
+        const sort = Boolean((y * _2n) / P);
+        return setMask(numberToBytesBE(x, Fp.BYTES), { compressed: true, sort });
       } else {
         if (isZero) {
           // 2x PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH
@@ -1161,6 +1197,30 @@ export const bls12_381: CurveFn<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = bls({
         }
       }
     },
+    ShortSignature: {
+      fromHex(hex: Hex): ProjPointType<Fp> {
+        const { infinity, sort, value } = parseMask(ensureBytes('signatureHex', hex, 48));
+        const P = Fp.ORDER;
+        const compressedValue = bytesToNumberBE(value);
+        // Zero
+        if (infinity) return bls12_381.G1.ProjectivePoint.ZERO;
+        const x = Fp.create(compressedValue & Fp.MASK);
+        const right = Fp.add(Fp.pow(x, _3n), Fp.create(bls12_381.params.G1b)); // y² = x³ + b
+        let y = Fp.sqrt(right);
+        if (!y) throw new Error('Invalid compressed G1 point');
+        const aflag = BigInt(sort);
+        if ((y * _2n) / P !== aflag) y = Fp.neg(y);
+        const point = bls12_381.G1.ProjectivePoint.fromAffine({ x, y });
+        point.assertValidity();
+        return point;
+      },
+      toRawBytes(point: ProjPointType<Fp>) {
+        return signatureG1ToRawBytes(point);
+      },
+      toHex(point: ProjPointType<Fp>) {
+        return bytesToHex(signatureG1ToRawBytes(point));
+      },
+    },
   },
   // G2 is the order-q subgroup of E2(Fp²) : y² = x³+4(1+√−1),
   // where Fp2 is Fp[√−1]/(x2+1). #E2(Fp2 ) = h2q, where
@@ -1232,45 +1292,45 @@ export const bls12_381: CurveFn<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = bls({
       return Q;                               // [x²-x-1]P + [x-1]Ψ(P) + Ψ²(2P)
     },
     fromBytes: (bytes: Uint8Array): AffinePoint<Fp2> => {
-      bytes = bytes.slice();
-      const m_byte = bytes[0] & 0xe0;
-      if (m_byte === 0x20 || m_byte === 0x60 || m_byte === 0xe0) {
-        throw new Error('Invalid encoding flag: ' + m_byte);
+      const { compressed, infinity, sort, value } = parseMask(bytes);
+      if (
+        (!compressed && !infinity && sort) || // 00100000
+        (!compressed && infinity && sort) || // 01100000
+        (sort && infinity && compressed) // 11100000
+      ) {
+        throw new Error('Invalid encoding flag: ' + (bytes[0] & 0b1110_0000));
       }
-      const bitC = m_byte & 0x80; // compression bit
-      const bitI = m_byte & 0x40; // point at infinity bit
-      const bitS = m_byte & 0x20; // sign bit
       const L = Fp.BYTES;
       const slc = (b: Uint8Array, from: number, to?: number) => bytesToNumberBE(b.slice(from, to));
-      if (bytes.length === 96 && bitC) {
+      if (value.length === 96 && compressed) {
         const b = bls12_381.params.G2b;
         const P = Fp.ORDER;
-
-        bytes[0] = bytes[0] & 0x1f; // clear flags
-        if (bitI) {
+        if (infinity) {
           // check that all bytes are 0
-          if (bytes.reduce((p, c) => (p !== 0 ? c + 1 : c), 0) > 0) {
+          if (value.reduce((p, c) => (p !== 0 ? c + 1 : c), 0) > 0) {
             throw new Error('Invalid compressed G2 point');
           }
           return { x: Fp2.ZERO, y: Fp2.ZERO };
         }
-        const x_1 = slc(bytes, 0, L);
-        const x_0 = slc(bytes, L, 2 * L);
+        const x_1 = slc(value, 0, L);
+        const x_0 = slc(value, L, 2 * L);
         const x = Fp2.create({ c0: Fp.create(x_0), c1: Fp.create(x_1) });
         const right = Fp2.add(Fp2.pow(x, _3n), b); // y² = x³ + 4 * (u+1) = x³ + b
         let y = Fp2.sqrt(right);
         const Y_bit = y.c1 === _0n ? (y.c0 * _2n) / P : (y.c1 * _2n) / P ? _1n : _0n;
-        y = bitS > 0 && Y_bit > 0 ? y : Fp2.neg(y);
+        y = sort && Y_bit > 0 ? y : Fp2.neg(y);
         return { x, y };
-      } else if (bytes.length === 192 && !bitC) {
-        // Check if the infinity flag is set
-        if ((bytes[0] & (1 << 6)) !== 0) {
+      } else if (value.length === 192 && !compressed) {
+        if (infinity) {
+          if (value.reduce((p, c) => (p !== 0 ? c + 1 : c), 0) > 0) {
+            throw new Error('Invalid uncompressed G2 point');
+          }
           return { x: Fp2.ZERO, y: Fp2.ZERO };
         }
-        const x1 = slc(bytes, 0, L);
-        const x0 = slc(bytes, L, 2 * L);
-        const y1 = slc(bytes, 2 * L, 3 * L);
-        const y0 = slc(bytes, 3 * L, 4 * L);
+        const x1 = slc(value, 0, L);
+        const x0 = slc(value, L, 2 * L);
+        const y1 = slc(value, 2 * L, 3 * L);
+        const y0 = slc(value, 3 * L, 4 * L);
         return { x: Fp2.fromBigTuple([x0, x1]), y: Fp2.fromBigTuple([y0, y1]) };
       } else {
         throw new Error('Invalid point G2, expected 96/192 bytes');
@@ -1283,10 +1343,10 @@ export const bls12_381: CurveFn<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = bls({
       if (isCompressed) {
         if (isZero) return concatB(COMPRESSED_ZERO, numberToBytesBE(_0n, len));
         const flag = Boolean(y.c1 === _0n ? (y.c0 * _2n) / P : (y.c1 * _2n) / P);
-        // set compressed & sign bits (looks like different offsets than for G1/Fp?)
-        let x_1 = bitSet(x.c1, C_BIT_POS, flag);
-        x_1 = bitSet(x_1, S_BIT_POS, true);
-        return concatB(numberToBytesBE(x_1, len), numberToBytesBE(x.c0, len));
+        return concatB(
+          setMask(numberToBytesBE(x.c1, len), { compressed: true, sort: flag }),
+          numberToBytesBE(x.c0, len)
+        );
       } else {
         if (isZero) return concatB(new Uint8Array([0x40]), new Uint8Array(4 * len - 1)); // bytes[0] |= 1 << 6;
         const { re: x0, im: x1 } = Fp2.reim(x);
@@ -1302,17 +1362,15 @@ export const bls12_381: CurveFn<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = bls({
     Signature: {
       // TODO: Optimize, it's very slow because of sqrt.
       fromHex(hex: Hex): ProjPointType<Fp2> {
-        hex = ensureBytes('signatureHex', hex);
+        const { infinity, sort, value } = parseMask(ensureBytes('signatureHex', hex));
         const P = Fp.ORDER;
-        const half = hex.length / 2;
+        const half = value.length / 2;
         if (half !== 48 && half !== 96)
           throw new Error('Invalid compressed signature length, must be 96 or 192');
-        const z1 = bytesToNumberBE(hex.slice(0, half));
-        const z2 = bytesToNumberBE(hex.slice(half));
+        const z1 = bytesToNumberBE(value.slice(0, half));
+        const z2 = bytesToNumberBE(value.slice(half));
         // Indicates the infinity point
-        const bflag1 = bitGet(z1, I_BIT_POS);
-        if (bflag1 === _1n) return bls12_381.G2.ProjectivePoint.ZERO;
-
+        if (infinity) return bls12_381.G2.ProjectivePoint.ZERO;
         const x1 = Fp.create(z1 & Fp.MASK);
         const x2 = Fp.create(z2);
         const x = Fp2.create({ c0: x2, c1: x1 });
@@ -1324,7 +1382,7 @@ export const bls12_381: CurveFn<Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12> = bls({
         // Choose the y whose leftmost bit of the imaginary part is equal to the a_flag1
         // If y1 happens to be zero, then use the bit of y0
         const { re: y0, im: y1 } = Fp2.reim(y);
-        const aflag1 = bitGet(z1, 381);
+        const aflag1 = BigInt(sort);
         const isGreater = y1 > _0n && (y1 * _2n) / P !== aflag1;
         const isZero = y1 === _0n && (y0 * _2n) / P !== aflag1;
         if (isGreater || isZero) y = Fp2.neg(y);

src/bn254.ts

@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ import { Field } from './abstract/modular.js';
 /**
  * bn254 pairing-friendly curve.
  * Previously known as alt_bn_128, when it had 128-bit security.
- * Recent research shown it's weaker, the naming has been adjusted to its prime bit count.
- * https://github.com/zcash/zcash/issues/2502
+ * Barbulescu-Duquesne 2017 shown it's weaker: just about 100 bits,
+ * so the naming has been adjusted to its prime bit count
+ * https://hal.science/hal-01534101/file/main.pdf
  */
 export const bn254 = weierstrass({
   a: BigInt(0),

src/ed25519.ts

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import {
   numberToBytesLE,
 } from './abstract/utils.js';
 import { createHasher, htfBasicOpts, expand_message_xmd } from './abstract/hash-to-curve.js';
-import { AffinePoint } from './abstract/curve.js';
+import { AffinePoint, Group } from './abstract/curve.js';
 
 /**
  * ed25519 Twisted Edwards curve with following addons:
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ function calcElligatorRistrettoMap(r0: bigint): ExtendedPoint {
  * but it should work in its own namespace: do not combine those two.
  * https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-irtf-cfrg-ristretto255-decaf448
  */
-class RistPoint {
+class RistPoint implements Group<RistPoint> {
   static BASE: RistPoint;
   static ZERO: RistPoint;
   // Private property to discourage combining ExtendedPoint + RistrettoPoint
@@ -471,6 +471,14 @@ class RistPoint {
   multiplyUnsafe(scalar: bigint): RistPoint {
     return new RistPoint(this.ep.multiplyUnsafe(scalar));
   }
+
+  double(): RistPoint {
+    return new RistPoint(this.ep.double());
+  }
+
+  negate(): RistPoint {
+    return new RistPoint(this.ep.negate());
+  }
 }
 export const RistrettoPoint = /* @__PURE__ */ (() => {
   if (!RistPoint.BASE) RistPoint.BASE = new RistPoint(ed25519.ExtendedPoint.BASE);

src/ed448.ts

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import {
   Hex,
   numberToBytesLE,
 } from './abstract/utils.js';
-import { AffinePoint } from './abstract/curve.js';
+import { AffinePoint, Group } from './abstract/curve.js';
 
 /**
  * Edwards448 (not Ed448-Goldilocks) curve with following addons:
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ const ED448_DEF = {
   n: BigInt(
     '181709681073901722637330951972001133588410340171829515070372549795146003961539585716195755291692375963310293709091662304773755859649779'
   ),
+  // RFC 7748 has 56-byte keys, RFC 8032 has 57-byte keys
   nBitLength: 456,
   // Cofactor
   h: BigInt(4),
@@ -137,8 +138,9 @@ export const ed448ph = /* @__PURE__ */ twistedEdwards({ ...ED448_DEF, prehash: s
 export const x448 = /* @__PURE__ */ (() =>
   montgomery({
     a: BigInt(156326),
+    // RFC 7748 has 56-byte keys, RFC 8032 has 57-byte keys
     montgomeryBits: 448,
-    nByteLength: 57,
+    nByteLength: 56,
     P: ed448P,
     Gu: BigInt(5),
     powPminus2: (x: bigint): bigint => {
@@ -164,11 +166,14 @@ export function edwardsToMontgomeryPub(edwardsPub: string | Uint8Array): Uint8Ar
   const _1n = BigInt(1);
   return Fp.toBytes(Fp.create((y - _1n) * Fp.inv(y + _1n)));
 }
+
 export const edwardsToMontgomery = edwardsToMontgomeryPub; // deprecated
+// TODO: add edwardsToMontgomeryPriv, similar to ed25519 version
 
 // Hash To Curve Elligator2 Map
 const ELL2_C1 = (Fp.ORDER - BigInt(3)) / BigInt(4); // 1. c1 = (q - 3) / 4         # Integer arithmetic
 const ELL2_J = BigInt(156326);
+
 function map_to_curve_elligator2_curve448(u: bigint) {
   let tv1 = Fp.sqr(u); // 1.  tv1 = u^2
   let e1 = Fp.eql(tv1, Fp.ONE); // 2.   e1 = tv1 == 1
@@ -198,6 +203,7 @@ function map_to_curve_elligator2_curve448(u: bigint) {
   y = Fp.cmov(y, Fp.neg(y), e2 !== e3); // 26.   y = CMOV(y, -y, e2 XOR e3)
   return { xn, xd, yn: y, yd: Fp.ONE }; // 27. return (xn, xd, y, 1)
 }
+
 function map_to_curve_elligator2_edwards448(u: bigint) {
   let { xn, xd, yn, yd } = map_to_curve_elligator2_curve448(u); // 1. (xn, xd, yn, yd) = map_to_curve_elligator2_curve448(u)
   let xn2 = Fp.sqr(xn); // 2.  xn2 = xn^2
@@ -323,7 +329,7 @@ function calcElligatorDecafMap(r0: bigint): ExtendedPoint {
  * but it should work in its own namespace: do not combine those two.
  * https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-irtf-cfrg-ristretto255-decaf448
  */
-class DcfPoint {
+class DcfPoint implements Group<DcfPoint> {
   static BASE: DcfPoint;
   static ZERO: DcfPoint;
   // Private property to discourage combining ExtendedPoint + DecafPoint
@@ -445,7 +451,16 @@ class DcfPoint {
   multiplyUnsafe(scalar: bigint): DcfPoint {
     return new DcfPoint(this.ep.multiplyUnsafe(scalar));
   }
+
+  double(): DcfPoint {
+    return new DcfPoint(this.ep.double());
   }
+
+  negate(): DcfPoint {
+    return new DcfPoint(this.ep.negate());
+  }
+}
+
 export const DecafPoint = /* @__PURE__ */ (() => {
   // decaf448 base point is ed448 base x 2
   // https://github.com/dalek-cryptography/curve25519-dalek/blob/59837c6ecff02b77b9d5ff84dbc239d0cf33ef90/vendor/ristretto.sage#L699

src/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "type": "module"
+}

test/basic.test.js

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { deepStrictEqual, throws } from 'assert';
 import { should, describe } from 'micro-should';
 import * as fc from 'fast-check';
 import * as mod from '../esm/abstract/modular.js';
-import { bytesToHex as toHex } from '../esm/abstract/utils.js';
+import { bytesToHex, isBytes, bytesToHex as toHex } from '../esm/abstract/utils.js';
 // Generic tests for all curves in package
 import { secp192r1, secp224r1 } from './_more-curves.helpers.js';
 import { secp256r1 } from '../esm/p256.js';
@@ -595,6 +595,18 @@ for (const name in CURVES) {
         { numRuns: NUM_RUNS }
       )
     );
+    should('.verify() should verify random signatures in hex', () =>
+      fc.assert(
+        fc.property(fc.hexaString({ minLength: 64, maxLength: 64 }), (msg) => {
+          const priv = toHex(C.utils.randomPrivateKey());
+          const pub = toHex(C.getPublicKey(priv));
+          const sig = C.sign(msg, priv);
+          let sighex = isBytes(sig) ? toHex(sig) : sig.toCompactHex();
+          deepStrictEqual(C.verify(sighex, msg, pub), true, `priv=${priv},pub=${pub},msg=${msg}`);
+        }),
+        { numRuns: NUM_RUNS }
+      )
+    );
     should('.verify() should verify empty signatures', () => {
       const msg = new Uint8Array([]);
       const priv = C.utils.randomPrivateKey();

test/bls12-381.test.js

@@ -5,10 +5,16 @@ import { describe, should } from 'micro-should';
 import { wNAF } from '../esm/abstract/curve.js';
 import { bytesToHex, utf8ToBytes } from '../esm/abstract/utils.js';
 import { hash_to_field } from '../esm/abstract/hash-to-curve.js';
-import { bls12_381 as bls } from '../esm/bls12-381.js';
+import { bls12_381 as bls, bls12_381 } from '../esm/bls12-381.js';
+
+import * as utils from '../esm/abstract/utils.js';
 
 import zkVectors from './bls12-381/zkcrypto/converted.json' assert { type: 'json' };
 import pairingVectors from './bls12-381/go_pairing_vectors/pairing.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+const G1_VECTORS = readFileSync('./test/bls12-381/bls12-381-g1-test-vectors.txt', 'utf-8')
+  .trim()
+  .split('\n')
+  .map((l) => l.split(':'));
 const G2_VECTORS = readFileSync('./test/bls12-381/bls12-381-g2-test-vectors.txt', 'utf-8')
   .trim()
   .split('\n')
@@ -852,6 +858,13 @@ describe('bls12-381/basic', () => {
   });
   // should aggregate signatures
 
+  should(`produce correct short signatures (${G1_VECTORS.length} vectors)`, () => {
+    for (let vector of G1_VECTORS) {
+      const [priv, msg, expected] = vector;
+      const sig = bls.signShortSignature(msg, priv);
+      deepStrictEqual(bytesToHex(sig), expected);
+    }
+  });
   should(`produce correct signatures (${G2_VECTORS.length} vectors)`, () => {
     for (let vector of G2_VECTORS) {
       const [priv, msg, expected] = vector;
@@ -1160,6 +1173,8 @@ describe('verify()', () => {
       const pub = bls.getPublicKey(priv);
       const res = bls.verify(sig, msg, pub);
       deepStrictEqual(res, true, `${priv}-${msg}`);
+      const resHex = bls.verify(bytesToHex(sig), msg, pub);
+      deepStrictEqual(resHex, true, `${priv}-${msg}-hex`);
     }
   });
   should('not verify signature with wrong message', () => {
@@ -1180,6 +1195,43 @@ describe('verify()', () => {
       const invPub = bls.getPublicKey(invPriv);
       const res = bls.verify(sig, msg, invPub);
       deepStrictEqual(res, false);
+      const resHex = bls.verify(bytesToHex(sig), msg, invPub);
+      deepStrictEqual(resHex, false);
+    }
+  });
+  should('verify signed message (short signatures)', () => {
+    for (let i = 0; i < NUM_RUNS; i++) {
+      const [priv, msg] = G1_VECTORS[i];
+      const sig = bls.signShortSignature(msg, priv);
+      const pub = bls.getPublicKeyForShortSignatures(priv);
+      const res = bls.verifyShortSignature(sig, msg, pub);
+      deepStrictEqual(res, true, `${priv}-${msg}`);
+      const resHex = bls.verifyShortSignature(bytesToHex(sig), msg, pub);
+      deepStrictEqual(resHex, true, `${priv}-${msg}`);
+    }
+  });
+  should('not verify signature with wrong message (short signatures)', () => {
+    for (let i = 0; i < NUM_RUNS; i++) {
+      const [priv, msg] = G1_VECTORS[i];
+      const invMsg = G1_VECTORS[i + 1][1];
+      const sig = bls.signShortSignature(msg, priv);
+      const pub = bls.getPublicKeyForShortSignatures(priv);
+      const res = bls.verifyShortSignature(sig, invMsg, pub);
+      deepStrictEqual(res, false);
+      const resHex = bls.verifyShortSignature(bytesToHex(sig), invMsg, pub);
+      deepStrictEqual(resHex, false);
+    }
+  });
+  should('not verify signature with wrong key', () => {
+    for (let i = 0; i < NUM_RUNS; i++) {
+      const [priv, msg] = G1_VECTORS[i];
+      const sig = bls.signShortSignature(msg, priv);
+      const invPriv = G1_VECTORS[i + 1][1].padStart(64, '0');
+      const invPub = bls.getPublicKeyForShortSignatures(invPriv);
+      const res = bls.verifyShortSignature(sig, msg, invPub);
+      deepStrictEqual(res, false);
+      const resHex = bls.verifyShortSignature(bytesToHex(sig), msg, invPub);
+      deepStrictEqual(resHex, false);
     }
   });
   describe('batch', () => {
@@ -1192,6 +1244,10 @@ describe('verify()', () => {
           const signatures = messages.map((message, i) => bls.sign(message, privateKeys[i]));
           const aggregatedSignature = bls.aggregateSignatures(signatures);
           deepStrictEqual(bls.verifyBatch(aggregatedSignature, messages, publicKey), true);
+          deepStrictEqual(
+            bls.verifyBatch(bytesToHex(aggregatedSignature), messages, publicKey),
+            true
+          );
         })
       );
     });
@@ -1210,6 +1266,10 @@ describe('verify()', () => {
             bls.verifyBatch(aggregatedSignature, wrongMessages, publicKey),
             messages.every((m, i) => m === wrongMessages[i])
           );
+          deepStrictEqual(
+            bls.verifyBatch(bytesToHex(aggregatedSignature), wrongMessages, publicKey),
+            messages.every((m, i) => m === wrongMessages[i])
+          );
         })
       );
     });
@@ -1232,6 +1292,10 @@ describe('verify()', () => {
               bls.verifyBatch(aggregatedSignature, messages, wrongPublicKeys),
               wrongPrivateKeys.every((p, i) => p === privateKeys[i])
             );
+            deepStrictEqual(
+              bls.verifyBatch(bytesToHex(aggregatedSignature), messages, wrongPublicKeys),
+              wrongPrivateKeys.every((p, i) => p === privateKeys[i])
+            );
           }
         )
       );
@@ -1245,6 +1309,10 @@ describe('verify()', () => {
           const aggregatedSignature = bls.aggregateSignatures(signatures);
           const aggregatedPublicKey = bls.aggregatePublicKeys(publicKey);
           deepStrictEqual(bls.verify(aggregatedSignature, message, aggregatedPublicKey), true);
+          deepStrictEqual(
+            bls.verify(bytesToHex(aggregatedSignature), message, aggregatedPublicKey),
+            true
+          );
         })
       );
     });
@@ -1260,6 +1328,10 @@ describe('verify()', () => {
             bls.verify(aggregatedSignature, wrongMessage, aggregatedPublicKey),
             message === wrongMessage
           );
+          deepStrictEqual(
+            bls.verify(bytesToHex(aggregatedSignature), wrongMessage, aggregatedPublicKey),
+            message === wrongMessage
+          );
         })
       );
     });
@@ -1375,6 +1447,37 @@ describe('bls12-381 deterministic', () => {
       }
     }
   });
+  should(`zkcrypt/G1 & G2 encoding edge cases`, () => {
+    const Fp = bls12_381.fields.Fp;
+    const S_BIT_POS = Fp.BITS; // C_bit, compression bit for serialization flag
+    const I_BIT_POS = Fp.BITS + 1; // I_bit, point-at-infinity bit for serialization flag
+    const C_BIT_POS = Fp.BITS + 2; // S_bit, sort bit for serialization flag
+    const VECTORS = [
+      { pos: C_BIT_POS, shift: 7 }, // compression_flag_set = Choice::from((bytes[0] >> 7) & 1);
+      { pos: I_BIT_POS, shift: 6 }, // infinity_flag_set = Choice::from((bytes[0] >> 6) & 1)
+      { pos: S_BIT_POS, shift: 5 }, // sort_flag_set = Choice::from((bytes[0] >> 5) & 1)
+    ];
+    for (const { pos, shift } of VECTORS) {
+      const d = utils.numberToBytesBE(utils.bitSet(0n, pos, Boolean(true)), Fp.BYTES);
+      deepStrictEqual((d[0] >> shift) & 1, 1, `${pos}`);
+    }
+    const baseC = G1Point.BASE.toRawBytes();
+    deepStrictEqual(baseC.length, 48);
+    const baseU = G1Point.BASE.toRawBytes(false);
+    deepStrictEqual(baseU.length, 96);
+    const compressedBit = baseU.slice();
+    compressedBit[0] |= 0b1000_0000; // add compression bit
+    throws(() => G1Point.fromHex(compressedBit), 'compressed bit'); // uncompressed point with compressed length
+    const uncompressedBit = baseC.slice();
+    uncompressedBit[0] &= 0b0111_1111; // remove compression bit
+    throws(() => G1Point.fromHex(uncompressedBit), 'uncompressed bit');
+    const infinityUncompressed = baseU.slice();
+    infinityUncompressed[0] |= 0b0100_0000;
+    throws(() => G1Point.fromHex(compressedBit), 'infinity uncompressed');
+    const infinityCompressed = baseC.slice();
+    infinityCompressed[0] |= 0b0100_0000;
+    throws(() => G1Point.fromHex(compressedBit), 'infinity compressed');
+  });
 });
 
 // ESM is broken.

test/bls12-381/bls12-381-g1-test-vectors.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
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test/hash-to-curve.test.js

@@ -23,29 +23,29 @@ import { default as xof_shake128_36 } from './hash-to-curve/expand_message_xof_S
 import { default as xof_shake128_256 } from './hash-to-curve/expand_message_xof_SHAKE128_256.json' assert { type: 'json' };
 import { default as xof_shake256_36 } from './hash-to-curve/expand_message_xof_SHAKE256_36.json' assert { type: 'json' };
 // P256
-import { default as p256_ro } from './hash-to-curve/P256_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
-import { default as p256_nu } from './hash-to-curve/P256_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as p256_ro } from './hash-to-curve/P256_XMD_SHA-256_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as p256_nu } from './hash-to-curve/P256_XMD_SHA-256_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
 // P384
-import { default as p384_ro } from './hash-to-curve/P384_XMD:SHA-384_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
-import { default as p384_nu } from './hash-to-curve/P384_XMD:SHA-384_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as p384_ro } from './hash-to-curve/P384_XMD_SHA-384_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as p384_nu } from './hash-to-curve/P384_XMD_SHA-384_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
 // P521
-import { default as p521_ro } from './hash-to-curve/P521_XMD:SHA-512_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
-import { default as p521_nu } from './hash-to-curve/P521_XMD:SHA-512_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as p521_ro } from './hash-to-curve/P521_XMD_SHA-512_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as p521_nu } from './hash-to-curve/P521_XMD_SHA-512_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
 // secp256k1
-import { default as secp256k1_ro } from './hash-to-curve/secp256k1_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
-import { default as secp256k1_nu } from './hash-to-curve/secp256k1_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as secp256k1_ro } from './hash-to-curve/secp256k1_XMD_SHA-256_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as secp256k1_nu } from './hash-to-curve/secp256k1_XMD_SHA-256_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
 // bls-G1
-import { default as g1_ro } from './hash-to-curve/BLS12381G1_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
-import { default as g1_nu } from './hash-to-curve/BLS12381G1_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as g1_ro } from './hash-to-curve/BLS12381G1_XMD_SHA-256_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as g1_nu } from './hash-to-curve/BLS12381G1_XMD_SHA-256_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
 // bls-G2
-import { default as g2_ro } from './hash-to-curve/BLS12381G2_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
-import { default as g2_nu } from './hash-to-curve/BLS12381G2_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as g2_ro } from './hash-to-curve/BLS12381G2_XMD_SHA-256_SSWU_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as g2_nu } from './hash-to-curve/BLS12381G2_XMD_SHA-256_SSWU_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
 // ed25519
-import { default as ed25519_ro } from './hash-to-curve/edwards25519_XMD:SHA-512_ELL2_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
-import { default as ed25519_nu } from './hash-to-curve/edwards25519_XMD:SHA-512_ELL2_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as ed25519_ro } from './hash-to-curve/edwards25519_XMD_SHA-512_ELL2_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as ed25519_nu } from './hash-to-curve/edwards25519_XMD_SHA-512_ELL2_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
 // ed448
-import { default as ed448_ro } from './hash-to-curve/edwards448_XOF:SHAKE256_ELL2_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
-import { default as ed448_nu } from './hash-to-curve/edwards448_XOF:SHAKE256_ELL2_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as ed448_ro } from './hash-to-curve/edwards448_XOF_SHAKE256_ELL2_RO_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+import { default as ed448_nu } from './hash-to-curve/edwards448_XOF_SHAKE256_ELL2_NU_.json' assert { type: 'json' };
 
 function testExpandXMD(hash, vectors) {
   describe(`${vectors.hash}/${vectors.DST.length}`, () => {

test/nist.test.js

@@ -95,32 +95,52 @@ should('fields', () => {
   for (const n in vectors) deepStrictEqual(NIST[n].CURVE.Fp.ORDER, vectors[n]);
 });
 
-describe('wycheproof ECDH', () => {
-  for (const group of ecdh.testGroups) {
-    const CURVE = NIST[group.curve];
-    if (!CURVE) continue;
-    should(group.curve, () => {
-      for (const test of group.tests) {
+// We don't support ASN.1 encoding of points. For tests we've implemented quick
+// and dirty parser: take X last bytes of ASN.1 encoded sequence.
+// If that doesn't work, we ignore such vector.
+function verifyECDHVector(test, curve) {
+  if (test.flags.includes('InvalidAsn')) return; // Ignore invalid ASN
   if (test.result === 'valid' || test.result === 'acceptable') {
+    const fnLen = curve.CURVE.nByteLength; // 32 for P256
+    const fpLen = curve.CURVE.Fp.BYTES; // 32 for P256
+    const encodedHexLen = fpLen * 2 * 2 + 2; // 130 (65 * 2) for P256
+    const pubB = test.public.slice(-encodedHexLen); // slice(-130) for P256
+    let privA = test.private;
+
+    // Some wycheproof vectors are padded with 00:
+    // 00c6cafb74e2a50c83b3d232c4585237f44d4c5433c4b3f50ce978e6aeda3a4f5d
+    // instead of
+    // c6cafb74e2a50c83b3d232c4585237f44d4c5433c4b3f50ce978e6aeda3a4f5d
+    if (privA.length / 2 === fnLen + 1 && privA.startsWith('00')) privA = privA.slice(2);
+
+    if (!curve.utils.isValidPrivateKey(privA)) return; // Ignore invalid private key size
     try {
-            const pub = CURVE.ProjectivePoint.fromHex(test.public);
+      curve.ProjectivePoint.fromHex(pubB);
     } catch (e) {
-            // Our strict validation filter doesn't let weird-length DER vectors
-            if (e.message.startsWith('Point of length')) continue;
+      if (e.message.startsWith('Point of length')) return; // Ignore
       throw e;
     }
-          const shared = CURVE.getSharedSecret(test.private, test.public);
-          deepStrictEqual(shared, test.shared, 'valid');
+    const shared = curve.getSharedSecret(privA, pubB).subarray(1);
+    deepStrictEqual(hex(shared), test.shared, 'valid');
   } else if (test.result === 'invalid') {
     let failed = false;
     try {
-            CURVE.getSharedSecret(test.private, test.public);
+      curve.getSharedSecret(test.private, test.public);
     } catch (error) {
       failed = true;
     }
     deepStrictEqual(failed, true, 'invalid');
   } else throw new Error('unknown test result');
 }
+
+describe('wycheproof ECDH', () => {
+  for (const group of ecdh.testGroups) {
+    const curve = NIST[group.curve];
+    if (!curve) continue;
+    should(group.curve, () => {
+      for (const test of group.tests) {
+        verifyECDHVector(test, curve);
+      }
     });
   }
 
@@ -151,30 +171,12 @@ describe('wycheproof ECDH', () => {
   for (const name in WYCHEPROOF_ECDH) {
     const { curve, tests } = WYCHEPROOF_ECDH[name];
     for (let i = 0; i < tests.length; i++) {
-      const test = tests[i];
-      for (let j = 0; j < test.testGroups.length; j++) {
-        const group = test.testGroups[j];
-        should(`additional ${name} (${i}/${j})`, () => {
+      const curveTests = tests[i];
+      for (let j = 0; j < curveTests.testGroups.length; j++) {
+        const group = curveTests.testGroups[j];
+        should(`additional ${name} (${group.tests.length})`, () => {
           for (const test of group.tests) {
-            if (test.result === 'valid' || test.result === 'acceptable') {
-              try {
-                const pub = curve.ProjectivePoint.fromHex(test.public);
-              } catch (e) {
-                // Our strict validation filter doesn't let weird-length DER vectors
-                if (e.message.includes('Point of length')) continue;
-                throw e;
-              }
-              const shared = curve.getSharedSecret(test.private, test.public);
-              deepStrictEqual(hex(shared), test.shared, 'valid');
-            } else if (test.result === 'invalid') {
-              let failed = false;
-              try {
-                curve.getSharedSecret(test.private, test.public);
-              } catch (error) {
-                failed = true;
-              }
-              deepStrictEqual(failed, true, 'invalid');
-            } else throw new Error('unknown test result');
+            verifyECDHVector(test, curve);
           }
         });
       }

tsconfig.esm.json

@@ -1,24 +1,9 @@
 {
+  "extends": "@paulmillr/jsbt/tsconfigs/esm.json",
   "compilerOptions": {
     "outDir": "esm",
-    "target": "es2020",
-    "module": "es6",
-    "moduleResolution": "node16",
-    "baseUrl": ".",
-    "paths": {
-      "@noble/hashes/crypto": ["src/crypto"]
+    "target": "ES2015"
   },
-    "sourceMap": true,
-    "strict": true,
-    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": false,
-    "allowUnreachableCode": false,
-    "esModuleInterop": false,
-    "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true,
-    "noImplicitReturns": true,
-    "noUncheckedIndexedAccess": false,
-    "noUnusedLocals": true,
-    "noUnusedParameters": true,
-  },
-  "include": ["src"],
+  "include": ["index.ts", "src"],
   "exclude": ["node_modules", "lib"]
 }

tsconfig.json

@@ -1,24 +1,9 @@
 {
+  "extends": "@paulmillr/jsbt/tsconfigs/cjs.json",
   "compilerOptions": {
     "outDir": ".",
-    "target": "es2020",
-    "lib": ["es2020"], // Set explicitly to remove DOM
-    "module": "commonjs",
-    "moduleResolution": "node",
-    "baseUrl": ".",
-    "sourceMap": true,
-    "declaration": true,
-    "declarationMap": true,
-    "strict": true,
-    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": false,
-    "allowUnreachableCode": false,
-    "esModuleInterop": false,
-    "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true,
-    "noImplicitReturns": true,
-    "noUncheckedIndexedAccess": false,
-    "noUnusedLocals": true,
-    "noUnusedParameters": true
+    "target": "ES2015"
   },
-  "include": ["src"],
-  "exclude": ["node_modules", "*.d.ts"]
+  "include": ["index.ts", "src"],
+  "exclude": ["node_modules", "lib"]
 }