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Merge pull request #17622 from karalabe/chain-maker-seal

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consensus/clique, core: chain maker clique + error tests
This commit is contained in:
Péter Szilágyi 2018-09-17 11:35:42 +03:00 committed by GitHub
commit cc21928e12
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GPG Key ID: 4AEE18F83AFDEB23
5 changed files with 195 additions and 75 deletions
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49
consensus/clique/clique.go
View File

@ -93,27 +93,33 @@ var (
// errMissingSignature is returned if a block's extra-data section doesn't seem
// to contain a 65 byte secp256k1 signature.
errMissingSignature = errors.New("extra-data 65 byte suffix signature missing")
errMissingSignature = errors.New("extra-data 65 byte signature suffix missing")
// errExtraSigners is returned if non-checkpoint block contain signer data in
// their extra-data fields.
errExtraSigners = errors.New("non-checkpoint block contains extra signer list")
// errInvalidCheckpointSigners is returned if a checkpoint block contains an
// invalid list of signers (i.e. non divisible by 20 bytes, or not the correct
// ones).
// invalid list of signers (i.e. non divisible by 20 bytes).
errInvalidCheckpointSigners = errors.New("invalid signer list on checkpoint block")
// errMismatchingCheckpointSigners is returned if a checkpoint block contains a
// list of signers different than the one the local node calculated.
errMismatchingCheckpointSigners = errors.New("mismatching signer list on checkpoint block")
// errInvalidMixDigest is returned if a block's mix digest is non-zero.
errInvalidMixDigest = errors.New("non-zero mix digest")
// errInvalidUncleHash is returned if a block contains an non-empty uncle list.
errInvalidUncleHash = errors.New("non empty uncle hash")
// errInvalidDifficulty is returned if the difficulty of a block is not either
// of 1 or 2, or if the value does not match the turn of the signer.
// errInvalidDifficulty is returned if the difficulty of a block neither 1 or 2.
errInvalidDifficulty = errors.New("invalid difficulty")
// errWrongDifficulty is returned if the difficulty of a block doesn't match the
// turn of the signer.
errWrongDifficulty = errors.New("wrong difficulty")
// ErrInvalidTimestamp is returned if the timestamp of a block is lower than
// the previous block's timestamp + the minimum block period.
ErrInvalidTimestamp = errors.New("invalid timestamp")
@ -122,8 +128,12 @@ var (
// be modified via out-of-range or non-contiguous headers.
errInvalidVotingChain = errors.New("invalid voting chain")
// errUnauthorized is returned if a header is signed by a non-authorized entity.
errUnauthorized = errors.New("unauthorized")
// errUnauthorizedSigner is returned if a header is signed by a non-authorized entity.
errUnauthorizedSigner = errors.New("unauthorized signer")
// errRecentlySigned is returned if a header is signed by an authorized entity
// that already signed a header recently, thus is temporarily not allowed to.
errRecentlySigned = errors.New("recently signed")
// errWaitTransactions is returned if an empty block is attempted to be sealed
// on an instant chain (0 second period). It's important to refuse these as the
@ -205,6 +215,9 @@ type Clique struct {
signer common.Address // Ethereum address of the signing key
signFn SignerFn // Signer function to authorize hashes with
lock sync.RWMutex // Protects the signer fields
// The fields below are for testing only
fakeDiff bool // Skip difficulty verifications
}
// New creates a Clique proof-of-authority consensus engine with the initial
@ -359,7 +372,7 @@ func (c *Clique) verifyCascadingFields(chain consensus.ChainReader, header *type
}
extraSuffix := len(header.Extra) - extraSeal
if !bytes.Equal(header.Extra[extraVanity:extraSuffix], signers) {
return errInvalidCheckpointSigners
return errMismatchingCheckpointSigners
}
}
// All basic checks passed, verify the seal and return
@ -481,23 +494,25 @@ func (c *Clique) verifySeal(chain consensus.ChainReader, header *types.Header, p
return err
}
if _, ok := snap.Signers[signer]; !ok {
return errUnauthorized
return errUnauthorizedSigner
}
for seen, recent := range snap.Recents {
if recent == signer {
// Signer is among recents, only fail if the current block doesn't shift it out
if limit := uint64(len(snap.Signers)/2 + 1); seen > number-limit {
return errUnauthorized
return errRecentlySigned
}
}
}
// Ensure that the difficulty corresponds to the turn-ness of the signer
inturn := snap.inturn(header.Number.Uint64(), signer)
if inturn && header.Difficulty.Cmp(diffInTurn) != 0 {
return errInvalidDifficulty
}
if !inturn && header.Difficulty.Cmp(diffNoTurn) != 0 {
return errInvalidDifficulty
if !c.fakeDiff {
inturn := snap.inturn(header.Number.Uint64(), signer)
if inturn && header.Difficulty.Cmp(diffInTurn) != 0 {
return errWrongDifficulty
}
if !inturn && header.Difficulty.Cmp(diffNoTurn) != 0 {
return errWrongDifficulty
}
}
return nil
}
@ -613,7 +628,7 @@ func (c *Clique) Seal(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block, results c
return err
}
if _, authorized := snap.Signers[signer]; !authorized {
return errUnauthorized
return errUnauthorizedSigner
}
// If we're amongst the recent signers, wait for the next block
for seen, recent := range snap.Recents {

16
consensus/clique/snapshot.go
View File

@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ type Snapshot struct {
Tally map[common.Address]Tally `json:"tally"` // Current vote tally to avoid recalculating
}
// signers implements the sort interface to allow sorting a list of addresses
type signers []common.Address
// signersAscending implements the sort interface to allow sorting a list of addresses
type signersAscending []common.Address
func (s signers) Len() int { return len(s) }
func (s signers) Less(i, j int) bool { return bytes.Compare(s[i][:], s[j][:]) < 0 }
func (s signers) Swap(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
func (s signersAscending) Len() int { return len(s) }
func (s signersAscending) Less(i, j int) bool { return bytes.Compare(s[i][:], s[j][:]) < 0 }
func (s signersAscending) Swap(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
// newSnapshot creates a new snapshot with the specified startup parameters. This
// method does not initialize the set of recent signers, so only ever use if for
@ -214,11 +214,11 @@ func (s *Snapshot) apply(headers []*types.Header) (*Snapshot, error) {
return nil, err
}
if _, ok := snap.Signers[signer]; !ok {
return nil, errUnauthorized
return nil, errUnauthorizedSigner
}
for _, recent := range snap.Recents {
if recent == signer {
return nil, errUnauthorized
return nil, errRecentlySigned
}
}
snap.Recents[number] = signer
@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ func (s *Snapshot) signers() []common.Address {
for sig := range s.Signers {
sigs = append(sigs, sig)
}
sort.Sort(signers(sigs))
sort.Sort(signersAscending(sigs))
return sigs
}

194
consensus/clique/snapshot_test.go
View File

@ -19,24 +19,18 @@ package clique
import (
"bytes"
"crypto/ecdsa"
"math/big"
"sort"
"testing"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
)
type testerVote struct {
signer string
voted string
auth bool
}
// testerAccountPool is a pool to maintain currently active tester accounts,
// mapped from textual names used in the tests below to actual Ethereum private
// keys capable of signing transactions.
@ -50,17 +44,26 @@ func newTesterAccountPool() *testerAccountPool {
}
}
func (ap *testerAccountPool) sign(header *types.Header, signer string) {
// Ensure we have a persistent key for the signer
if ap.accounts[signer] == nil {
ap.accounts[signer], _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
// checkpoint creates a Clique checkpoint signer section from the provided list
// of authorized signers and embeds it into the provided header.
func (ap *testerAccountPool) checkpoint(header *types.Header, signers []string) {
auths := make([]common.Address, len(signers))
for i, signer := range signers {
auths[i] = ap.address(signer)
}
sort.Sort(signersAscending(auths))
for i, auth := range auths {
copy(header.Extra[extraVanity+i*common.AddressLength:], auth.Bytes())
}
// Sign the header and embed the signature in extra data
sig, _ := crypto.Sign(sigHash(header).Bytes(), ap.accounts[signer])
copy(header.Extra[len(header.Extra)-65:], sig)
}
// address retrieves the Ethereum address of a tester account by label, creating
// a new account if no previous one exists yet.
func (ap *testerAccountPool) address(account string) common.Address {
// Return the zero account for non-addresses
if account == "" {
return common.Address{}
}
// Ensure we have a persistent key for the account
if ap.accounts[account] == nil {
ap.accounts[account], _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
@ -69,32 +72,38 @@ func (ap *testerAccountPool) address(account string) common.Address {
return crypto.PubkeyToAddress(ap.accounts[account].PublicKey)
}
// testerChainReader implements consensus.ChainReader to access the genesis
// block. All other methods and requests will panic.
type testerChainReader struct {
db ethdb.Database
}
func (r *testerChainReader) Config() *params.ChainConfig { return params.AllCliqueProtocolChanges }
func (r *testerChainReader) CurrentHeader() *types.Header { panic("not supported") }
func (r *testerChainReader) GetHeader(common.Hash, uint64) *types.Header { panic("not supported") }
func (r *testerChainReader) GetBlock(common.Hash, uint64) *types.Block { panic("not supported") }
func (r *testerChainReader) GetHeaderByHash(common.Hash) *types.Header { panic("not supported") }
func (r *testerChainReader) GetHeaderByNumber(number uint64) *types.Header {
if number == 0 {
return rawdb.ReadHeader(r.db, rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(r.db, 0), 0)
// sign calculates a Clique digital signature for the given block and embeds it
// back into the header.
func (ap *testerAccountPool) sign(header *types.Header, signer string) {
// Ensure we have a persistent key for the signer
if ap.accounts[signer] == nil {
ap.accounts[signer], _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
}
return nil
// Sign the header and embed the signature in extra data
sig, _ := crypto.Sign(sigHash(header).Bytes(), ap.accounts[signer])
copy(header.Extra[len(header.Extra)-extraSeal:], sig)
}
// Tests that voting is evaluated correctly for various simple and complex scenarios.
func TestVoting(t *testing.T) {
// testerVote represents a single block signed by a parcitular account, where
// the account may or may not have cast a Clique vote.
type testerVote struct {
signer string
voted string
auth bool
checkpoint []string
newbatch bool
}
// Tests that Clique signer voting is evaluated correctly for various simple and
// complex scenarios, as well as that a few special corner cases fail correctly.
func TestClique(t *testing.T) {
// Define the various voting scenarios to test
tests := []struct {
epoch uint64
signers []string
votes []testerVote
results []string
failure error
}{
{
// Single signer, no votes cast
@ -322,10 +331,49 @@ func TestVoting(t *testing.T) {
votes: []testerVote{
{signer: "A", voted: "C", auth: true},
{signer: "B"},
{signer: "A"}, // Checkpoint block, (don't vote here, it's validated outside of snapshots)
{signer: "A", checkpoint: []string{"A", "B"}},
{signer: "B", voted: "C", auth: true},
},
results: []string{"A", "B"},
}, {
// An unauthorized signer should not be able to sign blocks
signers: []string{"A"},
votes: []testerVote{
{signer: "B"},
},
failure: errUnauthorizedSigner,
}, {
// An authorized signer that signed recenty should not be able to sign again
signers: []string{"A", "B"},
votes: []testerVote{
{signer: "A"},
{signer: "A"},
},
failure: errRecentlySigned,
}, {
// Recent signatures should not reset on checkpoint blocks imported in a batch
epoch: 3,
signers: []string{"A", "B", "C"},
votes: []testerVote{
{signer: "A"},
{signer: "B"},
{signer: "A", checkpoint: []string{"A", "B", "C"}},
{signer: "A"},
},
failure: errRecentlySigned,
}, {
// Recent signatures should not reset on checkpoint blocks imported in a new
// batch (https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/17593). Whilst this
// seems overly specific and weird, it was a Rinkeby consensus split.
epoch: 3,
signers: []string{"A", "B", "C"},
votes: []testerVote{
{signer: "A"},
{signer: "B"},
{signer: "A", checkpoint: []string{"A", "B", "C"}},
{signer: "A", newbatch: true},
},
failure: errRecentlySigned,
},
}
// Run through the scenarios and test them
@ -356,28 +404,78 @@ func TestVoting(t *testing.T) {
genesis.Commit(db)
// Assemble a chain of headers from the cast votes
headers := make([]*types.Header, len(tt.votes))
for j, vote := range tt.votes {
headers[j] = &types.Header{
Number: big.NewInt(int64(j) + 1),
Time: big.NewInt(int64(j) * 15),
Coinbase: accounts.address(vote.voted),
Extra: make([]byte, extraVanity+extraSeal),
config := *params.TestChainConfig
config.Clique = &params.CliqueConfig{
Period: 1,
Epoch: tt.epoch,
}
engine := New(config.Clique, db)
engine.fakeDiff = true
blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(&config, genesis.ToBlock(db), engine, db, len(tt.votes), func(j int, gen *core.BlockGen) {
// Cast the vote contained in this block
gen.SetCoinbase(accounts.address(tt.votes[j].voted))
if tt.votes[j].auth {
var nonce types.BlockNonce
copy(nonce[:], nonceAuthVote)
gen.SetNonce(nonce)
}
})
// Iterate through the blocks and seal them individually
for j, block := range blocks {
// Geth the header and prepare it for signing
header := block.Header()
if j > 0 {
headers[j].ParentHash = headers[j-1].Hash()
header.ParentHash = blocks[j-1].Hash()
}
if vote.auth {
copy(headers[j].Nonce[:], nonceAuthVote)
header.Extra = make([]byte, extraVanity+extraSeal)
if auths := tt.votes[j].checkpoint; auths != nil {
header.Extra = make([]byte, extraVanity+len(auths)*common.AddressLength+extraSeal)
accounts.checkpoint(header, auths)
}
accounts.sign(headers[j], vote.signer)
header.Difficulty = diffInTurn // Ignored, we just need a valid number
// Generate the signature, embed it into the header and the block
accounts.sign(header, tt.votes[j].signer)
blocks[j] = block.WithSeal(header)
}
// Split the blocks up into individual import batches (cornercase testing)
batches := [][]*types.Block{nil}
for j, block := range blocks {
if tt.votes[j].newbatch {
batches = append(batches, nil)
}
batches[len(batches)-1] = append(batches[len(batches)-1], block)
}
// Pass all the headers through clique and ensure tallying succeeds
head := headers[len(headers)-1]
snap, err := New(&params.CliqueConfig{Epoch: tt.epoch}, db).snapshot(&testerChainReader{db: db}, head.Number.Uint64(), head.Hash(), headers)
chain, err := core.NewBlockChain(db, nil, &config, engine, vm.Config{})
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("test %d: failed to create voting snapshot: %v", i, err)
t.Errorf("test %d: failed to create test chain: %v", i, err)
continue
}
failed := false
for j := 0; j < len(batches)-1; j++ {
if k, err := chain.InsertChain(batches[j]); err != nil {
t.Errorf("test %d: failed to import batch %d, block %d: %v", i, j, k, err)
failed = true
break
}
}
if failed {
continue
}
if _, err = chain.InsertChain(batches[len(batches)-1]); err != tt.failure {
t.Errorf("test %d: failure mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, err, tt.failure)
}
if tt.failure != nil {
continue
}
// No failure was produced or requested, generate the final voting snapshot
head := blocks[len(blocks)-1]
snap, err := engine.snapshot(chain, head.NumberU64(), head.Hash(), nil)
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("test %d: failed to retrieve voting snapshot: %v", i, err)
continue
}
// Verify the final list of signers against the expected ones

10
core/chain_makers.go
View File

@ -67,6 +67,11 @@ func (b *BlockGen) SetExtra(data []byte) {
b.header.Extra = data
}
// SetNonce sets the nonce field of the generated block.
func (b *BlockGen) SetNonce(nonce types.BlockNonce) {
b.header.Nonce = nonce
}
// AddTx adds a transaction to the generated block. If no coinbase has
// been set, the block's coinbase is set to the zero address.
//
@ -190,13 +195,14 @@ func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine conse
if config.DAOForkSupport && config.DAOForkBlock != nil && config.DAOForkBlock.Cmp(b.header.Number) == 0 {
misc.ApplyDAOHardFork(statedb)
}
// Execute any user modifications to the block and finalize it
// Execute any user modifications to the block
if gen != nil {
gen(i, b)
}
if b.engine != nil {
// Finalize and seal the block
block, _ := b.engine.Finalize(b.chainReader, b.header, statedb, b.txs, b.uncles, b.receipts)
// Write state changes to db
root, err := statedb.Commit(config.IsEIP158(b.header.Number))
if err != nil {

1
miner/worker_test.go
View File

@ -161,6 +161,7 @@ func testPendingStateAndBlock(t *testing.T, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, eng
t.Errorf("account balance mismatch: have %d, want %d", balance, 1000)
}
b.txPool.AddLocals(newTxs)
// Ensure the new tx events has been processed
time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
block, state = w.pending()