* internal/ethapi: return revert reason for eth_call
* internal/ethapi: moved revert reason logic to doCall
* accounts/abi/bind/backends: added revert reason logic to simulated backend
* internal/ethapi: fixed linting error
* internal/ethapi: check if require reason can be unpacked
* internal/ethapi: better error logic
* internal/ethapi: simplify logic
* internal/ethapi: return vmError()
* internal/ethapi: move handling of revert out of docall
* graphql: removed revert logic until spec change
* rpc: internal/ethapi: added custom error types
* graphql: use returndata instead of return
Return() checks if there is an error. If an error is found, we return nil.
For most use cases it can be beneficial to return the output even if there
was an error. This code should be changed anyway once the spec supports
error reasons in graphql responses
* accounts/abi/bind/backends: added tests for revert reason
* internal/ethapi: add errorCode to revert error
* internal/ethapi: add errorCode of 3 to revertError
* internal/ethapi: unified estimateGasErrors, simplified logic
* internal/ethapi: unified handling of errors in DoEstimateGas
* rpc: print error data field
* accounts/abi/bind/backends: unify simulatedBackend and RPC
* internal/ethapi: added binary data to revertError data
* internal/ethapi: refactored unpacking logic into newRevertError
* accounts/abi/bind/backends: fix EstimateGas
* accounts, console, internal, rpc: minor error interface cleanups
* Revert "accounts, console, internal, rpc: minor error interface cleanups"
This reverts commit 2d3ef53c5304e429a04983210a417c1f4e0dafb7.
* re-apply the good parts of 2d3ef53c53
* rpc: add test for returning server error data from client
Co-authored-by: rjl493456442 <garyrong0905@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Péter Szilágyi <peterke@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
* abi/bind/backends: testcase for double-lock
* accounts: add blockByNumberNoLock to avoid double-lock
* backend/simulated: use stateroot, not blockhash for retrieveing state
Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>
* accounts/abi: simplified reflection logic
* accounts/abi: simplified reflection logic
* accounts/abi: removed unpack
* accounts/abi: removed comments
* accounts/abi: removed uneccessary complications
* accounts/abi: minor changes in error messages
* accounts/abi: removed unnused code
* accounts/abi: fixed indexed argument unpacking
* accounts/abi: removed superfluous test cases
This commit removes two test cases. The first one is trivially invalid as we have the same
test cases as passing in packing_test.go L375. The second one passes now,
because we don't need the mapArgNamesToStructFields in unpack_atomic anymore.
Checking for purely underscored arg names generally should not be something we do
as the abi/contract is generally out of the control of the user.
* accounts/abi: removed comments, debug println
* accounts/abi: added commented out code
* accounts/abi: addressed comments
* accounts/abi: remove unnecessary dst.CanSet check
* accounts/abi: added dst.CanSet checks
* accounts/abi: allow overloaded argument names
In solidity it is possible to create the following contract:
```
contract Overloader {
struct F { uint _f; uint __f; uint f; }
function f(F memory f) public {}
}
```
This however resulted in a panic in the abi package.
* accounts/abi fixed error handling
* accounts/abi/bind: added test cases for waitDeployed
* accounts/abi/bind: added test case for boundContract
* accounts/abi/bind: removed unnecessary resolve methods
* accounts/abi: moved topics from /bind to /abi
* accounts/abi/bind: cleaned up format... functions
* accounts/abi: improved log message
* accounts/abi: added type tests
* accounts/abi/bind: remove superfluous template methods
* cmd, core, eth: init tx lookup in background
* core/rawdb: tiny log fixes to make it clearer what's happening
* core, eth: fix rebase errors
* core/rawdb: make reindexing less generic, but more optimal
* rlp: implement rlp list iterator
* core/rawdb: new implementation of tx indexing/unindex using generic tx iterator and hashing rlp-data
* core/rawdb, cmd/utils: fix review concerns
* cmd/utils: fix merge issue
* core/rawdb: add some log formatting polishes
Co-authored-by: rjl493456442 <garyrong0905@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Péter Szilágyi <peterke@gmail.com>
* accounts/abi/bind/backend, internal/ethapi: recap gas limit with balance
* accounts, internal: address comment and fix lint
* accounts, internal: extend log message
* tiny nits to format hexutil.Big and nil properly
Co-authored-by: Péter Szilágyi <peterke@gmail.com>
* accounts/abi/bind: add void if no return args specified
Currently the java generator generates invalid input on pure/view functions
that have no return type. e.g. `function f(uint u) view public {}`
This is not a problem in practice as people rarely ever write functions like this.
* accounts/abi/bind: use elseif instead of nested if
* accounts/abi: added documentation
* accounts/abi: reduced usage of arguments.LengthNonIndexed
* accounts/abi: simplified reflection logic
* accounts/abi: moved testjson data into global declaration
* accounts/abi: removed duplicate test cases
* accounts/abi: reworked abi tests
* accounts/abi: added more tests for abi packing
* accounts/abi/bind: refactored base tests
* accounts/abi: run pack tests as subtests
* accounts/abi: removed duplicate tests
* accounts/abi: removed unnused arguments.LengthNonIndexed
Due to refactors to the code, we do not need the arguments.LengthNonIndexed function anymore.
You can still get the length by calling len(arguments.NonIndexed())
* accounts/abi: added type test
* accounts/abi: modified unpack test to pack test
* accounts/abi: length check on arrayTy
* accounts/abi: test invalid abi
* accounts/abi: fixed rebase error
* accounts/abi: fixed rebase errors
* accounts/abi: removed unused definition
* accounts/abi: merged packing/unpacking tests
* accounts/abi: fixed [][][32]bytes encoding
* accounts/abi: added tuple test cases
* accounts/abi: renamed getMockLog -> newMockLog
* accounts/abi: removed duplicate test
* accounts/abi: bools -> booleans
* all: seperate consensus error and evm internal error
There are actually two types of error will be returned when
a tranaction/message call is executed: (a) consensus error
(b) evm internal error. The former should be converted to
a consensus issue, e.g. The sender doesn't enough asset to
purchase the gas it specifies. The latter is allowed since
evm itself is a blackbox and internal error is allowed to happen.
This PR emphasizes the difference by introducing a executionResult
structure. The evm error is embedded inside. So if any error
returned, it indicates consensus issue happens.
And also this PR improve the `EstimateGas` API to return the concrete
revert reason if the transaction always fails
* all: polish
* accounts/abi/bind/backends: add tests
* accounts/abi/bind/backends, internal: cleanup error message
* all: address comments
* core: fix lint
* accounts, core, eth, internal: address comments
* accounts, internal: resolve revert reason if possible
* accounts, internal: address comments
* accounts/abi: prevent recalculation of ID, Sig and String
* accounts/abi: fixed unpacking of no values
* accounts/abi: multiple fixes to arguments
* accounts/abi: refactored methodName and eventName
This commit moves the complicated logic of how we assign method names
and event names if they already exist into their own functions for
better readability.
* accounts/abi: prevent recalculation of internal
In this commit, I changed the way we calculate the string
representations, sig representations and the id's of methods. Before
that these fields would be recalculated everytime someone called .Sig()
.String() or .ID() on a method or an event.
Additionally this commit fixes issue #20856 as we assign names to inputs
with no name (input with name "" becomes "arg0")
* accounts/abi: added unnamed event params test
* accounts/abi: fixed rebasing errors in method sig
* accounts/abi: fixed rebasing errors in method sig
* accounts/abi: addressed comments
* accounts/abi: added FunctionType enumeration
* accounts/abi/bind: added test for unnamed arguments
* accounts/abi: improved readability in NewMethod, nitpicks
* accounts/abi: method/eventName -> overloadedMethodName
* accounts/abi: implement new fackball functions
In Solidity v0.6.0, the original fallback is separated
into two different sub types: fallback and receive.
This PR addes the support for parsing new format abi
and the relevant abigen functionalities.
* accounts/abi: fix unit tests
* accounts/abi: minor fixes
* accounts/abi, mobile: support jave binding
* accounts/abi: address marius's comment
* accounts/abi: Work around the uin64 conversion issue
Co-authored-by: Guillaume Ballet <gballet@gmail.com>
* accounts/abi/bind: fixed erroneous packing of negative ints
* accounts/abi/bind: added test cases for negative ints in topics
* accounts/abi/bind: fixed genIntType for go 1.12
* accounts/abi: minor nitpick
* accounts/abi/bind: refactored topics
* accounts/abi/bind: use store function to remove code duplication
* accounts/abi/bind: removed unused type defs
* accounts/abi/bind: error on tuples in topics
* Cosmetic changes to restart travis build
Co-authored-by: Guillaume Ballet <gballet@gmail.com>
* Add more functionality to the sim (#5)
* backends: implement more of ethclient in sim
* backends: add BlockByNumber to simulated backend
* backends: make simulated progress function agree with syncprogress interface for client
* backends: add more tests
* backends: add more comments
* backends: fix sim for index in tx and add tests
* backends: add lock back to estimategas
* backends: goimports
* backends: go ci lint
* Add more functionality to the sim (#5)
* backends: implement more of ethclient in sim
* backends: add BlockByNumber to simulated backend
* backends: make simulated progress function agree with syncprogress interface for client
* backends: add more tests
* backends: add more comments
* backends: fix sim for index in tx and add tests
* backends: add lock back to estimategas
* backends: goimports
* backends: go ci lint
* assert errs
* accounts/abi: fix various issues
The fixed issues include:
(1) If there is no return in a call function, unpack should
return nil error
(2) For some functions which have struct array as parameter,
it will also be detected and generate the struct definition
(3) For event, if it has non-indexed parameter, the parameter
name will also be assigned if empty. Also the internal struct
will be detected and generate struct defition if not exist.
(4) Fix annotation generation in event function
* accounts/abi: add new abi field internalType
* accounts: address comments and add tests
* accounts/abi: replace strings.ReplaceAll with strings.Replace
The gas price was not passed to the `EstimateGas` function. As a result,
conditional execution paths depending on `tx.gasprice` could be not
correctly processed and we could get invalid gas estimates for contract
function calls.
The abi package already supports function overload by adding a suffix to the overloaded function name, but it uses the function name with suffix to calculate signature(both for the event and method).
This PR fixes it by adding a new field named RawName, which can be used to calcuate all signatures but use Name to distinguish different overloaded function.
* accounts, abigen: link dependent libs in deploy
* abigen: add java generation
* bind: Fix unit tests
* abigen: add unit test
* Fix CI
* Post-rebase fixes
* Fix rebase issue
* accounts/abi: Gary's review feedback
* accounts/abi: More Gary feedback
* accounts/abi: minor fixes
* accounts/abi, cmd/abigen: support tuple
accounts/abi/bind, cmd/abigen: add objc back
accounts/abi/bind: use byte[24] as function indicator
accounts/abi/bind: resolve struct slice or array
accounts/abi/bind: remove sort logic
accounts: fix issues in abi
* accounts/abi: address comment
* accounts/abi/bind: Accept function ptr parameter
They are translated as [24]byte
* Add Java template version
* accounts/abi/bind: fix merge issue
* Fix CI
* accounts/abi: Fix method overwritten by same name methods.
* accounts/abi: Fix method overwritten by same name methods.
* accounts/abi: avoid possible name conflict
Co-authored-by: Guillaume Ballet <gballet@gmail.com>
This function searches for an event+parameters in the ABI and returns it if found.
Co-authored-by: Victor Tran <vu.tran54@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Guillaume Ballet <gballet@gmail.com>
* accounts/abi: fix name styling when unpacking abi fields w/ underscores
ABI fields with underscores that are being unpacked
into structs expect structs with following form:
int_one -> Int_one
whereas in abigen the generated structs are camelcased
int_one -> IntOne
so updated the unpack method to expect camelcased structs as well.
* backends: increase gaslimit in order to allow tests of large contracts
* backends: increase gaslimit in order to allow tests of large contracts
* backends: increase gaslimit in order to allow tests of large contracts
* accounts/abi/bind: support for multi-dim arrays
Also:
- reduce usage of regexes a bit.
- fix minor Java syntax problems
Fixes#15648
* accounts/abi/bind: Add some more documentation
* accounts/abi/bind: Improve code readability
* accounts/abi: bugfix for unpacking nested arrays
The code previously assumed the arrays/slices were always 1 level
deep. While the packing supports nested arrays (!!!).
The current code for unpacking doesn't return the "consumed" length, so
this fix had to work around that by calculating it (i.e. packing and
getting resulting length) after the unpacking of the array element.
It's far from ideal, but unpacking behaviour is fixed now.
* accounts/abi: Fix unpacking of nested arrays
Removed the temporary workaround of packing to calculate size, which was
incorrect for slice-like types anyway.
Full size of nested arrays is used now.
* accounts/abi: deeply nested array unpack test
Test unpacking of an array nested more than one level.
* accounts/abi: Add deeply nested array pack test
Same as the deep nested array unpack test, but the other way around.
* accounts/abi/bind: deeply nested arrays bind test
Test the usage of bindings that were generated
for methods with multi-dimensional (and not
just a single extra dimension, like foo[2][3])
array arguments and returns.
edit: trigger rebuild, CI failed to fetch linter module.
* accounts/abi/bind: improve array binding
wrapArray uses a regex now, and arrayBindingJava is improved.
* accounts/abi: Improve naming of element size func
The full step size for unpacking an array
is now retrieved with "getFullElemSize".
* accounts/abi: support nested nested array args
Previously, the code only considered the outer-size of the array,
ignoring the size of the contents. This was fine for most types,
but nested arrays are packed directly into it, and count towards
the total size. This resulted in arguments following a nested
array to replicate some of the binary contents of the array.
The fix: for arrays, calculate their complete contents size:
count the arg.Type.Elem.Size when Elem is an Array, and
repeat when their child is an array too, etc.
The count is the number of 32 byte elements, similar to how it
previously counted, but nested.
* accounts/abi: Test deep nested arr multi-arguments
Arguments with a deeply nested array should not cause the next arguments
to be read from the wrong position.
+ The event slice unpacker doesn't correctly extract element from the
slice. The indexed arguments are not ignored as they should be
(the data offset should not include the indexed arguments).
+ The `Elem()` call in the slice unpack doesn't work.
The Slice related tests fails because of that.
+ the check in the loop are suboptimal and have been extracted
out of the loop.
+ extracted common code from event and method tupleUnpack
This change inlines the logic of bytesAreProper at its sole
callsite, ABI.Unpack, and applies the multiple-of-32 test only in
the case of unpacking methods. Event data is not required to be a
multiple of 32 bytes long.
* cmd, consensus, core, miner: instatx clique for --dev
* cmd, consensus, clique: support configurable --dev block times
* cmd, core: allow --dev to use persistent storage too
* core: remove redundant storage of transactions and receipts
* core, eth, internal: new transaction schema usage polishes
* eth: implement upgrade mechanism for db deduplication
* core, eth: drop old sequential key db upgrader
* eth: close last iterator on successful db upgrage
* core: prefix the lookup entries to make their purpose clearer
With this commit, core/state's access to the underlying key/value database is
mediated through an interface. Database errors are tracked in StateDB and
returned by CommitTo or the new Error method.
Motivation for this change: We can remove the light client's duplicated copy of
core/state. The light client now supports node iteration, so tracing and storage
enumeration can work with the light client (not implemented in this commit).
* accounts/abi: reorganizing package and some notes and a quick correction of name.
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
get rid of some imports
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: move file names
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: fix boolean decode function
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: fix for the array set and for creating a bool
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: be very very very correct
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: fix up error message and variable names
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: take out unnecessary argument in pack method
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: add bool unpack test and add a panic to readBool function
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: fix panic message
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: change from panic to basic error
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: fix nil to false
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: fill out type regex tests and fill with the correct type for integers
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: move packNumbers into pack.go.
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: separation of the testing suite into appropriately named files.
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* account/abi: change to hex string tests.
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* account/abi: fix up rest of tests to hex
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: declare bool at the package level
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: use errors package in the error file.
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
* accounts/abi: fix ugly hack and fix error type declaration.
Signed-off-by: RJ Catalano <rj@monax.io>
This commit adds pluggable consensus engines to go-ethereum. In short, it
introduces a generic consensus interface, and refactors the entire codebase to
use this interface.
This commit solves several issues concerning the genesis block:
* Genesis/ChainConfig loading was handled by cmd/geth code. This left
library users in the cold. They could specify a JSON-encoded
string and overwrite the config, but didn't get any of the additional
checks performed by geth.
* Decoding and writing of genesis JSON was conflated in
WriteGenesisBlock. This made it a lot harder to embed the genesis
block into the forthcoming config file loader. This commit changes
things so there is a single Genesis type that represents genesis
blocks. All uses of Write*Genesis* are changed to use the new type
instead.
* If the chain config supplied by the user was incompatible with the
current chain (i.e. the chain had already advanced beyond a scheduled
fork), it got overwritten. This is not an issue in practice because
previous forks have always had the highest total difficulty. It might
matter in the future though. The new code reverts the local chain to
the point of the fork when upgrading configuration.
The change to genesis block data removes compression library
dependencies from package core.
There is no need to depend on the old context package now that the
minimum Go version is 1.7. The move to "context" eliminates our weird
vendoring setup. Some vendored code still uses golang.org/x/net/context
and it is now vendored in the normal way.
This change triggered new vet checks around context.WithTimeout which
didn't fire with golang.org/x/net/context.
* common/math: optimize PaddedBigBytes, use it more
name old time/op new time/op delta
PaddedBigBytes-8 71.1ns ± 5% 46.1ns ± 1% -35.15% (p=0.000 n=20+19)
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
PaddedBigBytes-8 48.0B ± 0% 32.0B ± 0% -33.33% (p=0.000 n=20+20)
* all: unify big.Int zero checks
Various checks were in use. This commit replaces them all with Int.Sign,
which is cheaper and less code.
eg templates:
func before(x *big.Int) bool { return x.BitLen() == 0 }
func after(x *big.Int) bool { return x.Sign() == 0 }
func before(x *big.Int) bool { return x.BitLen() > 0 }
func after(x *big.Int) bool { return x.Sign() != 0 }
func before(x *big.Int) int { return x.Cmp(common.Big0) }
func after(x *big.Int) int { return x.Sign() }
* common/math, crypto/secp256k1: make ReadBits public in package math
* common: remove CurrencyToString
Move denomination values to params instead.
* common: delete dead code
* common: move big integer operations to common/math
This commit consolidates all big integer operations into common/math and
adds tests and documentation.
There should be no change in semantics for BigPow, BigMin, BigMax, S256,
U256, Exp and their behaviour is now locked in by tests.
The BigD, BytesToBig and Bytes2Big functions don't provide additional
value, all uses are replaced by new(big.Int).SetBytes().
BigToBytes is now called PaddedBigBytes, its minimum output size
parameter is now specified as the number of bytes instead of bits. The
single use of this function is in the EVM's MSTORE instruction.
Big and String2Big are replaced by ParseBig, which is slightly stricter.
It previously accepted leading zeros for hexadecimal inputs but treated
decimal inputs as octal if a leading zero digit was present.
ParseUint64 is used in places where String2Big was used to decode a
uint64.
The new functions MustParseBig and MustParseUint64 are now used in many
places where parsing errors were previously ignored.
* common: delete unused big integer variables
* accounts/abi: replace uses of BytesToBig with use of encoding/binary
* common: remove BytesToBig
* common: remove Bytes2Big
* common: remove BigTrue
* cmd/utils: add BigFlag and use it for error-checked integer flags
While here, remove environment variable processing for DirectoryFlag
because we don't use it.
* core: add missing error checks in genesis block parser
* common: remove String2Big
* cmd/evm: use utils.BigFlag
* common/math: check for 256 bit overflow in ParseBig
This is supposed to prevent silent overflow/truncation of values in the
genesis block JSON. Without this check, a genesis block that set a
balance larger than 256 bits would lead to weird behaviour in the VM.
* cmd/utils: fixup import
Gas estimation currently mostly works, but can underestimate for more funky
refunds. This is because various ops (e.g. CALL) need more gas to run than they
actually consume (e.g. 2300 stipend that is refunded if not used). With more
intricate contract interplays, it becomes almost impossible to return a proper
value to the user.
This commit swaps out the simplistic gas estimation to a binary search approach,
honing in on the correct gas use. This does mean that gas estimation needs to
rerun the transaction log(max-price) times to measure whether it fails or not,
but it's a price paid by the transaction issuer, and it should be worth it to
support proper estimates.
On solidity contract I have "uint32 []" type, when abigen creates Go
bindings - they are also "[]uint32" type on Go side. Even though it
looks like it should work - the actual type of the data coming from
the chain is of type " []*big.Int".
When executing contract function from Go side - getting unmarshal error:
abi: cannot unmarshal []*big.Int in to []uint32
The fix is to create array with the correct type
This fixed the issue reported in: https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/2802
This significantly reduces the dependency closure of ethclient, which no
longer depends on core/vm as of this change.
All uses of vm.Logs are replaced by []*types.Log. NewLog is gone too,
the constructor simply returned a literal.
The run loop, which previously contained custom opcode executes have been
removed and has been simplified to a few checks.
Each operation consists of 4 elements: execution function, gas cost function,
stack validation function and memory size function. The execution function
implements the operation's runtime behaviour, the gas cost function implements
the operation gas costs function and greatly depends on the memory and stack,
the stack validation function validates the stack and makes sure that enough
items can be popped off and pushed on and the memory size function calculates
the memory required for the operation and returns it.
This commit also allows the EVM to go unmetered. This is helpful for offline
operations such as contract calls.
To address increasing complexity in code that handles signatures, this PR
discards all notion of "different" signature types at the library level. Both
the crypto and accounts package is reduced to only be able to produce plain
canonical secp256k1 signatures. This makes the crpyto APIs much cleaner,
simpler and harder to abuse.
Environment is now a struct (not an interface). This
reduces a lot of tech-debt throughout the codebase where a virtual
machine environment had to be implemented in order to test or run it.
The new environment is suitable to be used en the json tests, core
consensus and light client.
This commit implements EIP158 part 1, 2, 3 & 4
1. If an account is empty it's no longer written to the trie. An empty
account is defined as (balance=0, nonce=0, storage=0, code=0).
2. Delete an empty account if it's touched
3. An empty account is redefined as either non-existent or empty.
4. Zero value calls and zero value suicides no longer consume the 25k
reation costs.
params: moved core/config to params
Signed-off-by: Jeffrey Wilcke <jeffrey@ethereum.org>
This commit includes several API changes:
- The behavior of eth_sign is changed. It now accepts an arbitrary
message, prepends the well-known string
\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n<length of message>
hashes the result using keccak256 and calculates the signature of
the hash. This breaks backwards compatability!
- personal_sign(hash, address [, password]) is added. It has the same
semantics as eth_sign but also accepts a password. The private key
used to sign the hash is temporarily unlocked in the scope of the
request.
- personal_recover(message, signature) is added and returns the
address for the account that created a signature.
This commit replaces the deep-copy based state revert mechanism with a
linear complexity journal. This commit also hides several internal
StateDB methods to limit the number of ways in which calling code can
use the journal incorrectly.
As usual consultation and bug fixes to the initial implementation were
provided by @karalabe, @obscuren and @Arachnid. Thank you!
The need for these functions comes up in code that actually deploys and
uses contracts. As of this commit, they can be used with both
SimulatedBackend and ethclient.
SimulatedBackend gains some additional methods in the process and is now
safe for concurrent use.
In this commit, contract bindings and their backend start using the
Ethereum Go API interfaces offered by ethclient. This makes ethclient a
suitable replacement for the old remote backend and gets us one step
closer to the final stable Go API that is planned for go-ethereum 1.5.
The changes in detail:
* Pending state is optional for read only contract bindings.
BoundContract attempts to discover the Pending* methods via an
interface assertion. There are a couple of advantages to this:
ContractCaller is just two methods and can be implemented on top of
pretty much anything that provides Ethereum data. Since the backend
interfaces are now disjoint, ContractBackend can simply be declared as
a union of the reader and writer side.
* Caching of HasCode is removed. The caching could go wrong in case of
chain reorganisations and removing it simplifies the code a lot.
We'll figure out a performant way of providing ErrNoCode before the
1.5 release.
* BoundContract now ensures that the backend receives a non-nil context
with every call.
The remote backend is superseded by ethclient.
The nil backend's stated purpose was to enable testing of
accounts/abi/bind. None of its methods actually worked. A much simpler
way to get a crashing backend is to simply pass nil as the backend. With
a one-line change to the generator (removing two explicit interface
assertions), passing nil actually works.
Removing these backends means that less changes are required later.
