bsc/eth/tracers/api_test.go
zjubfd 2ce00adb55
[R4R] performance improvement in many aspects (#257)
* focus on performance improvement in many aspects.

1. Do BlockBody verification concurrently;
2. Do calculation of intermediate root concurrently;
3. Preload accounts before processing blocks;
4. Make the snapshot layers configurable.
5. Reuse some object to reduce GC.

add

* rlp: improve decoder stream implementation (#22858)

This commit makes various cleanup changes to rlp.Stream.

* rlp: shrink Stream struct

This removes a lot of unused padding space in Stream by reordering the
fields. The size of Stream changes from 120 bytes to 88 bytes. Stream
instances are internally cached and reused using sync.Pool, so this does
not improve performance.

* rlp: simplify list stack

The list stack kept track of the size of the current list context as
well as the current offset into it. The size had to be stored in the
stack in order to subtract it from the remaining bytes of any enclosing
list in ListEnd. It seems that this can be implemented in a simpler
way: just subtract the size from the enclosing list context in List instead.

* rlp: use atomic.Value for type cache (#22902)

All encoding/decoding operations read the type cache to find the
writer/decoder function responsible for a type. When analyzing CPU
profiles of geth during sync, I found that the use of sync.RWMutex in
cache lookups appears in the profiles. It seems we are running into
CPU cache contention problems when package rlp is heavily used
on all CPU cores during sync.

This change makes it use atomic.Value + a writer lock instead of
sync.RWMutex. In the common case where the typeinfo entry is present in
the cache, we simply fetch the map and lookup the type.

* rlp: optimize byte array handling (#22924)

This change improves the performance of encoding/decoding [N]byte.

    name                     old time/op    new time/op    delta
    DecodeByteArrayStruct-8     336ns ± 0%     246ns ± 0%  -26.98%  (p=0.000 n=9+10)
    EncodeByteArrayStruct-8     225ns ± 1%     148ns ± 1%  -34.12%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

    name                     old alloc/op   new alloc/op   delta
    DecodeByteArrayStruct-8      120B ± 0%       48B ± 0%  -60.00%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
    EncodeByteArrayStruct-8     0.00B          0.00B          ~     (all equal)

* rlp: optimize big.Int decoding for size <= 32 bytes (#22927)

This change grows the static integer buffer in Stream to 32 bytes,
making it possible to decode 256bit integers without allocating a
temporary buffer.

In the recent commit 088da24, Stream struct size decreased from 120
bytes down to 88 bytes. This commit grows the struct to 112 bytes again,
but the size change will not degrade performance because Stream
instances are internally cached in sync.Pool.

    name             old time/op    new time/op    delta
    DecodeBigInts-8    12.2µs ± 0%     8.6µs ± 4%  -29.58%  (p=0.000 n=9+10)

    name             old speed      new speed      delta
    DecodeBigInts-8   230MB/s ± 0%   326MB/s ± 4%  +42.04%  (p=0.000 n=9+10)

* eth/protocols/eth, les: avoid Raw() when decoding HashOrNumber (#22841)

Getting the raw value is not necessary to decode this type, and
decoding it directly from the stream is faster.

* fix testcase

* debug no lazy

* fix can not repair

* address comments

Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
2021-07-29 17:16:53 +08:00

641 lines
19 KiB
Go

// Copyright 2021 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
package tracers
import (
"bytes"
"context"
"crypto/ecdsa"
"encoding/json"
"errors"
"fmt"
"math/big"
"reflect"
"sort"
"testing"
"time"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/ethash"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/ethapi"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
)
var (
errStateNotFound = errors.New("state not found")
errBlockNotFound = errors.New("block not found")
errTransactionNotFound = errors.New("transaction not found")
)
type testBackend struct {
chainConfig *params.ChainConfig
engine consensus.Engine
chaindb ethdb.Database
chain *core.BlockChain
}
func newTestBackend(t *testing.T, n int, gspec *core.Genesis, generator func(i int, b *core.BlockGen)) *testBackend {
backend := &testBackend{
chainConfig: params.TestChainConfig,
engine: ethash.NewFaker(),
chaindb: rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(),
}
// Generate blocks for testing
gspec.Config = backend.chainConfig
var (
gendb = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
genesis = gspec.MustCommit(gendb)
)
blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(backend.chainConfig, genesis, backend.engine, gendb, n, generator)
// Import the canonical chain
gspec.MustCommit(backend.chaindb)
cacheConfig := &core.CacheConfig{
TrieCleanLimit: 256,
TrieDirtyLimit: 256,
TrieTimeLimit: 5 * time.Minute,
SnapshotLimit: 0,
TriesInMemory: 128,
TrieDirtyDisabled: true, // Archive mode
}
chain, err := core.NewBlockChain(backend.chaindb, cacheConfig, backend.chainConfig, backend.engine, vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to create tester chain: %v", err)
}
if n, err := chain.InsertChain(blocks); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("block %d: failed to insert into chain: %v", n, err)
}
backend.chain = chain
return backend
}
func (b *testBackend) HeaderByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Header, error) {
return b.chain.GetHeaderByHash(hash), nil
}
func (b *testBackend) HeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, number rpc.BlockNumber) (*types.Header, error) {
if number == rpc.PendingBlockNumber || number == rpc.LatestBlockNumber {
return b.chain.CurrentHeader(), nil
}
return b.chain.GetHeaderByNumber(uint64(number)), nil
}
func (b *testBackend) BlockByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Block, error) {
return b.chain.GetBlockByHash(hash), nil
}
func (b *testBackend) BlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, number rpc.BlockNumber) (*types.Block, error) {
if number == rpc.PendingBlockNumber || number == rpc.LatestBlockNumber {
return b.chain.CurrentBlock(), nil
}
return b.chain.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(number)), nil
}
func (b *testBackend) GetTransaction(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (*types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64, error) {
tx, hash, blockNumber, index := rawdb.ReadTransaction(b.chaindb, txHash)
if tx == nil {
return nil, common.Hash{}, 0, 0, errTransactionNotFound
}
return tx, hash, blockNumber, index, nil
}
func (b *testBackend) RPCGasCap() uint64 {
return 25000000
}
func (b *testBackend) ChainConfig() *params.ChainConfig {
return b.chainConfig
}
func (b *testBackend) Engine() consensus.Engine {
return b.engine
}
func (b *testBackend) ChainDb() ethdb.Database {
return b.chaindb
}
func (b *testBackend) StateAtBlock(ctx context.Context, block *types.Block, reexec uint64, base *state.StateDB, checkLive bool) (*state.StateDB, error) {
statedb, err := b.chain.StateAt(block.Root())
if err != nil {
return nil, errStateNotFound
}
return statedb, nil
}
func (b *testBackend) StateAtTransaction(ctx context.Context, block *types.Block, txIndex int, reexec uint64) (core.Message, vm.BlockContext, *state.StateDB, error) {
parent := b.chain.GetBlock(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1)
if parent == nil {
return nil, vm.BlockContext{}, nil, errBlockNotFound
}
statedb, err := b.chain.StateAt(parent.Root())
if err != nil {
return nil, vm.BlockContext{}, nil, errStateNotFound
}
if txIndex == 0 && len(block.Transactions()) == 0 {
return nil, vm.BlockContext{}, statedb, nil
}
// Recompute transactions up to the target index.
signer := types.MakeSigner(b.chainConfig, block.Number())
for idx, tx := range block.Transactions() {
msg, _ := tx.AsMessage(signer)
txContext := core.NewEVMTxContext(msg)
context := core.NewEVMBlockContext(block.Header(), b.chain, nil)
if idx == txIndex {
return msg, context, statedb, nil
}
vmenv := vm.NewEVM(context, txContext, statedb, b.chainConfig, vm.Config{})
if _, err := core.ApplyMessage(vmenv, msg, new(core.GasPool).AddGas(tx.Gas())); err != nil {
return nil, vm.BlockContext{}, nil, fmt.Errorf("transaction %#x failed: %v", tx.Hash(), err)
}
statedb.Finalise(vmenv.ChainConfig().IsEIP158(block.Number()))
}
return nil, vm.BlockContext{}, nil, fmt.Errorf("transaction index %d out of range for block %#x", txIndex, block.Hash())
}
func TestTraceCall(t *testing.T) {
t.Parallel()
// Initialize test accounts
accounts := newAccounts(3)
genesis := &core.Genesis{Alloc: core.GenesisAlloc{
accounts[0].addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
accounts[1].addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
accounts[2].addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
}}
genBlocks := 10
signer := types.HomesteadSigner{}
api := NewAPI(newTestBackend(t, genBlocks, genesis, func(i int, b *core.BlockGen) {
// Transfer from account[0] to account[1]
// value: 1000 wei
// fee: 0 wei
tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(uint64(i), accounts[1].addr, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, big.NewInt(0), nil), signer, accounts[0].key)
b.AddTx(tx)
}))
var testSuite = []struct {
blockNumber rpc.BlockNumber
call ethapi.CallArgs
config *TraceCallConfig
expectErr error
expect interface{}
}{
// Standard JSON trace upon the genesis, plain transfer.
{
blockNumber: rpc.BlockNumber(0),
call: ethapi.CallArgs{
From: &accounts[0].addr,
To: &accounts[1].addr,
Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(1000)),
},
config: nil,
expectErr: nil,
expect: &ethapi.ExecutionResult{
Gas: params.TxGas,
Failed: false,
ReturnValue: "",
StructLogs: []ethapi.StructLogRes{},
},
},
// Standard JSON trace upon the head, plain transfer.
{
blockNumber: rpc.BlockNumber(genBlocks),
call: ethapi.CallArgs{
From: &accounts[0].addr,
To: &accounts[1].addr,
Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(1000)),
},
config: nil,
expectErr: nil,
expect: &ethapi.ExecutionResult{
Gas: params.TxGas,
Failed: false,
ReturnValue: "",
StructLogs: []ethapi.StructLogRes{},
},
},
// Standard JSON trace upon the non-existent block, error expects
{
blockNumber: rpc.BlockNumber(genBlocks + 1),
call: ethapi.CallArgs{
From: &accounts[0].addr,
To: &accounts[1].addr,
Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(1000)),
},
config: nil,
expectErr: fmt.Errorf("block #%d not found", genBlocks+1),
expect: nil,
},
// Standard JSON trace upon the latest block
{
blockNumber: rpc.LatestBlockNumber,
call: ethapi.CallArgs{
From: &accounts[0].addr,
To: &accounts[1].addr,
Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(1000)),
},
config: nil,
expectErr: nil,
expect: &ethapi.ExecutionResult{
Gas: params.TxGas,
Failed: false,
ReturnValue: "",
StructLogs: []ethapi.StructLogRes{},
},
},
// Standard JSON trace upon the pending block
{
blockNumber: rpc.PendingBlockNumber,
call: ethapi.CallArgs{
From: &accounts[0].addr,
To: &accounts[1].addr,
Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(1000)),
},
config: nil,
expectErr: nil,
expect: &ethapi.ExecutionResult{
Gas: params.TxGas,
Failed: false,
ReturnValue: "",
StructLogs: []ethapi.StructLogRes{},
},
},
}
for _, testspec := range testSuite {
result, err := api.TraceCall(context.Background(), testspec.call, rpc.BlockNumberOrHash{BlockNumber: &testspec.blockNumber}, testspec.config)
if testspec.expectErr != nil {
if err == nil {
t.Errorf("Expect error %v, get nothing", testspec.expectErr)
continue
}
if !reflect.DeepEqual(err, testspec.expectErr) {
t.Errorf("Error mismatch, want %v, get %v", testspec.expectErr, err)
}
} else {
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("Expect no error, get %v", err)
continue
}
if !reflect.DeepEqual(result, testspec.expect) {
t.Errorf("Result mismatch, want %v, get %v", testspec.expect, result)
}
}
}
}
func TestOverridenTraceCall(t *testing.T) {
t.Parallel()
// Initialize test accounts
accounts := newAccounts(3)
genesis := &core.Genesis{Alloc: core.GenesisAlloc{
accounts[0].addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
accounts[1].addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
accounts[2].addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
}}
genBlocks := 10
signer := types.HomesteadSigner{}
api := NewAPI(newTestBackend(t, genBlocks, genesis, func(i int, b *core.BlockGen) {
// Transfer from account[0] to account[1]
// value: 1000 wei
// fee: 0 wei
tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(uint64(i), accounts[1].addr, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, big.NewInt(0), nil), signer, accounts[0].key)
b.AddTx(tx)
}))
randomAccounts, tracer := newAccounts(3), "callTracer"
var testSuite = []struct {
blockNumber rpc.BlockNumber
call ethapi.CallArgs
config *TraceCallConfig
expectErr error
expect *callTrace
}{
// Succcessful call with state overriding
{
blockNumber: rpc.PendingBlockNumber,
call: ethapi.CallArgs{
From: &randomAccounts[0].addr,
To: &randomAccounts[1].addr,
Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(1000)),
},
config: &TraceCallConfig{
Tracer: &tracer,
StateOverrides: &ethapi.StateOverride{
randomAccounts[0].addr: ethapi.OverrideAccount{Balance: newRPCBalance(new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(params.Ether)))},
},
},
expectErr: nil,
expect: &callTrace{
Type: "CALL",
From: randomAccounts[0].addr,
To: randomAccounts[1].addr,
Gas: newRPCUint64(24979000),
GasUsed: newRPCUint64(0),
Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(1000)),
},
},
// Invalid call without state overriding
{
blockNumber: rpc.PendingBlockNumber,
call: ethapi.CallArgs{
From: &randomAccounts[0].addr,
To: &randomAccounts[1].addr,
Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(1000)),
},
config: &TraceCallConfig{
Tracer: &tracer,
},
expectErr: core.ErrInsufficientFundsForTransfer,
expect: nil,
},
// Successful simple contract call
//
// // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
//
// pragma solidity >=0.7.0 <0.8.0;
//
// /**
// * @title Storage
// * @dev Store & retrieve value in a variable
// */
// contract Storage {
// uint256 public number;
// constructor() {
// number = block.number;
// }
// }
{
blockNumber: rpc.PendingBlockNumber,
call: ethapi.CallArgs{
From: &randomAccounts[0].addr,
To: &randomAccounts[2].addr,
Data: newRPCBytes(common.Hex2Bytes("8381f58a")), // call number()
},
config: &TraceCallConfig{
Tracer: &tracer,
StateOverrides: &ethapi.StateOverride{
randomAccounts[2].addr: ethapi.OverrideAccount{
Code: newRPCBytes(common.Hex2Bytes("6080604052348015600f57600080fd5b506004361060285760003560e01c80638381f58a14602d575b600080fd5b60336049565b6040518082815260200191505060405180910390f35b6000548156fea2646970667358221220eab35ffa6ab2adfe380772a48b8ba78e82a1b820a18fcb6f59aa4efb20a5f60064736f6c63430007040033")),
StateDiff: newStates([]common.Hash{{}}, []common.Hash{common.BigToHash(big.NewInt(123))}),
},
},
},
expectErr: nil,
expect: &callTrace{
Type: "CALL",
From: randomAccounts[0].addr,
To: randomAccounts[2].addr,
Input: hexutil.Bytes(common.Hex2Bytes("8381f58a")),
Output: hexutil.Bytes(common.BigToHash(big.NewInt(123)).Bytes()),
Gas: newRPCUint64(24978936),
GasUsed: newRPCUint64(2283),
Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(0)),
},
},
}
for _, testspec := range testSuite {
result, err := api.TraceCall(context.Background(), testspec.call, rpc.BlockNumberOrHash{BlockNumber: &testspec.blockNumber}, testspec.config)
if testspec.expectErr != nil {
if err == nil {
t.Errorf("Expect error %v, get nothing", testspec.expectErr)
continue
}
if !errors.Is(err, testspec.expectErr) {
t.Errorf("Error mismatch, want %v, get %v", testspec.expectErr, err)
}
} else {
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("Expect no error, get %v", err)
continue
}
ret := new(callTrace)
if err := json.Unmarshal(result.(json.RawMessage), ret); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal trace result: %v", err)
}
if !jsonEqual(ret, testspec.expect) {
// uncomment this for easier debugging
//have, _ := json.MarshalIndent(ret, "", " ")
//want, _ := json.MarshalIndent(testspec.expect, "", " ")
//t.Fatalf("trace mismatch: \nhave %+v\nwant %+v", string(have), string(want))
t.Fatalf("trace mismatch: \nhave %+v\nwant %+v", ret, testspec.expect)
}
}
}
}
func TestTraceTransaction(t *testing.T) {
t.Parallel()
// Initialize test accounts
accounts := newAccounts(2)
genesis := &core.Genesis{Alloc: core.GenesisAlloc{
accounts[0].addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
accounts[1].addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
}}
target := common.Hash{}
signer := types.HomesteadSigner{}
api := NewAPI(newTestBackend(t, 1, genesis, func(i int, b *core.BlockGen) {
// Transfer from account[0] to account[1]
// value: 1000 wei
// fee: 0 wei
tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(uint64(i), accounts[1].addr, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, big.NewInt(0), nil), signer, accounts[0].key)
b.AddTx(tx)
target = tx.Hash()
}))
result, err := api.TraceTransaction(context.Background(), target, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("Failed to trace transaction %v", err)
}
if !reflect.DeepEqual(result, &ethapi.ExecutionResult{
Gas: params.TxGas,
Failed: false,
ReturnValue: "",
StructLogs: []ethapi.StructLogRes{},
}) {
t.Error("Transaction tracing result is different")
}
}
func TestTraceBlock(t *testing.T) {
t.Parallel()
// Initialize test accounts
accounts := newAccounts(3)
genesis := &core.Genesis{Alloc: core.GenesisAlloc{
accounts[0].addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
accounts[1].addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
accounts[2].addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
}}
genBlocks := 10
signer := types.HomesteadSigner{}
api := NewAPI(newTestBackend(t, genBlocks, genesis, func(i int, b *core.BlockGen) {
// Transfer from account[0] to account[1]
// value: 1000 wei
// fee: 0 wei
tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(uint64(i), accounts[1].addr, big.NewInt(1000), params.TxGas, big.NewInt(0), nil), signer, accounts[0].key)
b.AddTx(tx)
}))
var testSuite = []struct {
blockNumber rpc.BlockNumber
config *TraceConfig
expect interface{}
expectErr error
}{
// Trace genesis block, expect error
{
blockNumber: rpc.BlockNumber(0),
config: nil,
expect: nil,
expectErr: errors.New("genesis is not traceable"),
},
// Trace head block
{
blockNumber: rpc.BlockNumber(genBlocks),
config: nil,
expectErr: nil,
expect: []*txTraceResult{
{
Result: &ethapi.ExecutionResult{
Gas: params.TxGas,
Failed: false,
ReturnValue: "",
StructLogs: []ethapi.StructLogRes{},
},
},
},
},
// Trace non-existent block
{
blockNumber: rpc.BlockNumber(genBlocks + 1),
config: nil,
expectErr: fmt.Errorf("block #%d not found", genBlocks+1),
expect: nil,
},
// Trace latest block
{
blockNumber: rpc.LatestBlockNumber,
config: nil,
expectErr: nil,
expect: []*txTraceResult{
{
Result: &ethapi.ExecutionResult{
Gas: params.TxGas,
Failed: false,
ReturnValue: "",
StructLogs: []ethapi.StructLogRes{},
},
},
},
},
// Trace pending block
{
blockNumber: rpc.PendingBlockNumber,
config: nil,
expectErr: nil,
expect: []*txTraceResult{
{
Result: &ethapi.ExecutionResult{
Gas: params.TxGas,
Failed: false,
ReturnValue: "",
StructLogs: []ethapi.StructLogRes{},
},
},
},
},
}
for _, testspec := range testSuite {
result, err := api.TraceBlockByNumber(context.Background(), testspec.blockNumber, testspec.config)
if testspec.expectErr != nil {
if err == nil {
t.Errorf("Expect error %v, get nothing", testspec.expectErr)
continue
}
if !reflect.DeepEqual(err, testspec.expectErr) {
t.Errorf("Error mismatch, want %v, get %v", testspec.expectErr, err)
}
} else {
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("Expect no error, get %v", err)
continue
}
if !reflect.DeepEqual(result, testspec.expect) {
t.Errorf("Result mismatch, want %v, get %v", testspec.expect, result)
}
}
}
}
type Account struct {
key *ecdsa.PrivateKey
addr common.Address
}
type Accounts []Account
func (a Accounts) Len() int { return len(a) }
func (a Accounts) Swap(i, j int) { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }
func (a Accounts) Less(i, j int) bool { return bytes.Compare(a[i].addr.Bytes(), a[j].addr.Bytes()) < 0 }
func newAccounts(n int) (accounts Accounts) {
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
addr := crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey)
accounts = append(accounts, Account{key: key, addr: addr})
}
sort.Sort(accounts)
return accounts
}
func newRPCBalance(balance *big.Int) **hexutil.Big {
rpcBalance := (*hexutil.Big)(balance)
return &rpcBalance
}
func newRPCUint64(number uint64) *hexutil.Uint64 {
rpcUint64 := hexutil.Uint64(number)
return &rpcUint64
}
func newRPCBytes(bytes []byte) *hexutil.Bytes {
rpcBytes := hexutil.Bytes(bytes)
return &rpcBytes
}
func newStates(keys []common.Hash, vals []common.Hash) *map[common.Hash]common.Hash {
if len(keys) != len(vals) {
panic("invalid input")
}
m := make(map[common.Hash]common.Hash)
for i := 0; i < len(keys); i++ {
m[keys[i]] = vals[i]
}
return &m
}