go-ethereum/crypto/crypto.go

// Copyright 2014 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package crypto

import (
	"crypto/ecdsa"
	"crypto/elliptic"
	"crypto/rand"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"
	"math/big"
	"os"

	"encoding/hex"
	"errors"

	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/ecies"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/secp256k1"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/sha3"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
	"golang.org/x/crypto/ripemd160"
)

func Keccak256(data ...[]byte) []byte {
	d := sha3.NewKeccak256()
	for _, b := range data {
		d.Write(b)
	}
	return d.Sum(nil)
}

func Keccak256Hash(data ...[]byte) (h common.Hash) {
	d := sha3.NewKeccak256()
	for _, b := range data {
		d.Write(b)
	}
	d.Sum(h[:0])
	return h
}

// Deprecated: For backward compatibility as other packages depend on these
func Sha3(data ...[]byte) []byte          { return Keccak256(data...) }
func Sha3Hash(data ...[]byte) common.Hash { return Keccak256Hash(data...) }

// Creates an ethereum address given the bytes and the nonce
func CreateAddress(b common.Address, nonce uint64) common.Address {
	data, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes([]interface{}{b, nonce})
	return common.BytesToAddress(Keccak256(data)[12:])
}

func Sha256(data []byte) []byte {
	hash := sha256.Sum256(data)

	return hash[:]
}

func Ripemd160(data []byte) []byte {
	ripemd := ripemd160.New()
	ripemd.Write(data)

	return ripemd.Sum(nil)
}

// Ecrecover returns the public key for the private key that was used to
// calculate the signature.
//
// Note: secp256k1 expects the recover id to be either 0, 1. Ethereum
// signatures have a recover id with an offset of 27. Callers must take
// this into account and if "recovering" from an Ethereum signature adjust.
func Ecrecover(hash, sig []byte) ([]byte, error) {
	return secp256k1.RecoverPubkey(hash, sig)
}

// New methods using proper ecdsa keys from the stdlib
func ToECDSA(prv []byte) *ecdsa.PrivateKey {
	if len(prv) == 0 {
		return nil
	}

	priv := new(ecdsa.PrivateKey)
	priv.PublicKey.Curve = secp256k1.S256()
	priv.D = common.BigD(prv)
	priv.PublicKey.X, priv.PublicKey.Y = secp256k1.S256().ScalarBaseMult(prv)
	return priv
}

func FromECDSA(prv *ecdsa.PrivateKey) []byte {
	if prv == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return prv.D.Bytes()
}

func ToECDSAPub(pub []byte) *ecdsa.PublicKey {
	if len(pub) == 0 {
		return nil
	}
	x, y := elliptic.Unmarshal(secp256k1.S256(), pub)
	return &ecdsa.PublicKey{Curve: secp256k1.S256(), X: x, Y: y}
}

func FromECDSAPub(pub *ecdsa.PublicKey) []byte {
	if pub == nil || pub.X == nil || pub.Y == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return elliptic.Marshal(secp256k1.S256(), pub.X, pub.Y)
}

// HexToECDSA parses a secp256k1 private key.
func HexToECDSA(hexkey string) (*ecdsa.PrivateKey, error) {
	b, err := hex.DecodeString(hexkey)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, errors.New("invalid hex string")
	}
	if len(b) != 32 {
		return nil, errors.New("invalid length, need 256 bits")
	}
	return ToECDSA(b), nil
}

// LoadECDSA loads a secp256k1 private key from the given file.
// The key data is expected to be hex-encoded.
func LoadECDSA(file string) (*ecdsa.PrivateKey, error) {
	buf := make([]byte, 64)
	fd, err := os.Open(file)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer fd.Close()
	if _, err := io.ReadFull(fd, buf); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	key, err := hex.DecodeString(string(buf))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return ToECDSA(key), nil
}

// SaveECDSA saves a secp256k1 private key to the given file with
// restrictive permissions. The key data is saved hex-encoded.
func SaveECDSA(file string, key *ecdsa.PrivateKey) error {
	k := hex.EncodeToString(FromECDSA(key))
	return ioutil.WriteFile(file, []byte(k), 0600)
}

func GenerateKey() (*ecdsa.PrivateKey, error) {
	return ecdsa.GenerateKey(secp256k1.S256(), rand.Reader)
}

func ValidateSignatureValues(v byte, r, s *big.Int, homestead bool) bool {
	if r.Cmp(common.Big1) < 0 || s.Cmp(common.Big1) < 0 {
		return false
	}
	vint := uint32(v)
	// reject upper range of s values (ECDSA malleability)
	// see discussion in secp256k1/libsecp256k1/include/secp256k1.h
	if homestead && s.Cmp(secp256k1.HalfN) > 0 {
		return false
	}
	// Frontier: allow s to be in full N range
	if s.Cmp(secp256k1.N) >= 0 {
		return false
	}
	if r.Cmp(secp256k1.N) < 0 && (vint == 27 || vint == 28) {
		return true
	} else {
		return false
	}
}

func SigToPub(hash, sig []byte) (*ecdsa.PublicKey, error) {
	s, err := Ecrecover(hash, sig)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	x, y := elliptic.Unmarshal(secp256k1.S256(), s)
	return &ecdsa.PublicKey{Curve: secp256k1.S256(), X: x, Y: y}, nil
}

// Sign calculates an ECDSA signature.
// This function is susceptible to choosen plaintext attacks that can leak
// information about the private key that is used for signing. Callers must
// be aware that the given hash cannot be choosen by an adversery. Common
// solution is to hash any input before calculating the signature.
//
// Note: the calculated signature is not Ethereum compliant. The yellow paper
// dictates Ethereum singature to have a V value with and offset of 27 v in [27,28].
// Use SignEthereum to get an Ethereum compliant signature.
func Sign(data []byte, prv *ecdsa.PrivateKey) (sig []byte, err error) {
	if len(data) != 32 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("hash is required to be exactly 32 bytes (%d)", len(data))
	}

	seckey := common.LeftPadBytes(prv.D.Bytes(), prv.Params().BitSize/8)
	defer zeroBytes(seckey)
	sig, err = secp256k1.Sign(data, seckey)
	return
}

// SignEthereum calculates an Ethereum ECDSA signature.
// This function is susceptible to choosen plaintext attacks that can leak
// information about the private key that is used for signing. Callers must
// be aware that the given hash cannot be freely choosen by an adversery.
// Common solution is to hash the message before calculating the signature.
func SignEthereum(data []byte, prv *ecdsa.PrivateKey) ([]byte, error) {
	sig, err := Sign(data, prv)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	sig[64] += 27 // as described in the yellow paper
	return sig, err
}

func Encrypt(pub *ecdsa.PublicKey, message []byte) ([]byte, error) {
	return ecies.Encrypt(rand.Reader, ecies.ImportECDSAPublic(pub), message, nil, nil)
}

func Decrypt(prv *ecdsa.PrivateKey, ct []byte) ([]byte, error) {
	key := ecies.ImportECDSA(prv)
	return key.Decrypt(rand.Reader, ct, nil, nil)
}

func PubkeyToAddress(p ecdsa.PublicKey) common.Address {
	pubBytes := FromECDSAPub(&p)
	return common.BytesToAddress(Keccak256(pubBytes[1:])[12:])
}

func zeroBytes(bytes []byte) {
	for i := range bytes {
		bytes[i] = 0
	}
}