From 6131dd55c5cb6f964a1b8e8d51400f10d545a92e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?P=C3=A9ter=20Szil=C3=A1gyi?= Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2017 16:39:43 +0300 Subject: [PATCH] core/vm: polish precompile contract code, add tests and benches * Update modexp gas calculation to new version * Fix modexp modulo 0 special case to return zero --- core/vm/contracts.go | 425 +++++++++++++++++++---------------- core/vm/contracts_test.go | 101 ++++++++- core/vm/evm.go | 15 +- core/vm/instructions_test.go | 86 +++++-- params/protocol_params.go | 24 +- 5 files changed, 409 insertions(+), 242 deletions(-) diff --git a/core/vm/contracts.go b/core/vm/contracts.go index 407f198f02..c59779dac6 100644 --- a/core/vm/contracts.go +++ b/core/vm/contracts.go @@ -29,9 +29,7 @@ import ( "golang.org/x/crypto/ripemd160" ) -var errBadPrecompileInput = errors.New("bad pre compile input") - -// Precompiled contract is the basic interface for native Go contracts. The implementation +// PrecompiledContract is the basic interface for native Go contracts. The implementation // requires a deterministic gas count based on the input size of the Run method of the // contract. type PrecompiledContract interface { @@ -39,61 +37,61 @@ type PrecompiledContract interface { Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) // Run runs the precompiled contract } -// PrecompiledContracts contains the default set of ethereum contracts -var PrecompiledContracts = map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract{ +// PrecompiledContractsHomestead contains the default set of pre-compiled Ethereum +// contracts used in the Frontier and Homestead releases. +var PrecompiledContractsHomestead = map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract{ common.BytesToAddress([]byte{1}): &ecrecover{}, common.BytesToAddress([]byte{2}): &sha256hash{}, common.BytesToAddress([]byte{3}): &ripemd160hash{}, common.BytesToAddress([]byte{4}): &dataCopy{}, } -// PrecompiledContractsMetropolis contains the default set of ethereum contracts -// for metropolis hardfork +// PrecompiledContractsMetropolis contains the default set of pre-compiled Ethereum +// contracts used in the Metropolis release. var PrecompiledContractsMetropolis = map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract{ common.BytesToAddress([]byte{1}): &ecrecover{}, common.BytesToAddress([]byte{2}): &sha256hash{}, common.BytesToAddress([]byte{3}): &ripemd160hash{}, common.BytesToAddress([]byte{4}): &dataCopy{}, - common.BytesToAddress([]byte{5}): &bigModexp{}, + common.BytesToAddress([]byte{5}): &bigModExp{}, common.BytesToAddress([]byte{6}): &bn256Add{}, common.BytesToAddress([]byte{7}): &bn256ScalarMul{}, - common.BytesToAddress([]byte{8}): &pairing{}, + common.BytesToAddress([]byte{8}): &bn256Pairing{}, } -// RunPrecompile runs and evaluate the output of a precompiled contract defined in contracts.go +// RunPrecompiledContract runs and evaluates the output of a precompiled contract. func RunPrecompiledContract(p PrecompiledContract, input []byte, contract *Contract) (ret []byte, err error) { gas := p.RequiredGas(input) if contract.UseGas(gas) { return p.Run(input) - } else { - return nil, ErrOutOfGas } + return nil, ErrOutOfGas } -// ECRECOVER implemented as a native contract +// ECRECOVER implemented as a native contract. type ecrecover struct{} func (c *ecrecover) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { return params.EcrecoverGas } -func (c *ecrecover) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) { +func (c *ecrecover) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) { const ecRecoverInputLength = 128 - in = common.RightPadBytes(in, ecRecoverInputLength) - // "in" is (hash, v, r, s), each 32 bytes + input = common.RightPadBytes(input, ecRecoverInputLength) + // "input" is (hash, v, r, s), each 32 bytes // but for ecrecover we want (r, s, v) - r := new(big.Int).SetBytes(in[64:96]) - s := new(big.Int).SetBytes(in[96:128]) - v := in[63] - 27 + r := new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[64:96]) + s := new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[96:128]) + v := input[63] - 27 - // tighter sig s values in homestead only apply to tx sigs - if !allZero(in[32:63]) || !crypto.ValidateSignatureValues(v, r, s, false) { + // tighter sig s values input homestead only apply to tx sigs + if !allZero(input[32:63]) || !crypto.ValidateSignatureValues(v, r, s, false) { return nil, nil } // v needs to be at the end for libsecp256k1 - pubKey, err := crypto.Ecrecover(in[:32], append(in[64:128], v)) + pubKey, err := crypto.Ecrecover(input[:32], append(input[64:128], v)) // make sure the public key is a valid one if err != nil { return nil, nil @@ -103,7 +101,7 @@ func (c *ecrecover) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) { return common.LeftPadBytes(crypto.Keccak256(pubKey[1:])[12:], 32), nil } -// SHA256 implemented as a native contract +// SHA256 implemented as a native contract. type sha256hash struct{} // RequiredGas returns the gas required to execute the pre-compiled contract. @@ -111,14 +109,14 @@ type sha256hash struct{} // This method does not require any overflow checking as the input size gas costs // required for anything significant is so high it's impossible to pay for. func (c *sha256hash) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { - return uint64(len(input)+31)/32*params.Sha256WordGas + params.Sha256Gas + return uint64(len(input)+31)/32*params.Sha256PerWordGas + params.Sha256BaseGas } -func (c *sha256hash) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) { - h := sha256.Sum256(in) +func (c *sha256hash) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) { + h := sha256.Sum256(input) return h[:], nil } -// RIPMED160 implemented as a native contract +// RIPMED160 implemented as a native contract. type ripemd160hash struct{} // RequiredGas returns the gas required to execute the pre-compiled contract. @@ -126,15 +124,15 @@ type ripemd160hash struct{} // This method does not require any overflow checking as the input size gas costs // required for anything significant is so high it's impossible to pay for. func (c *ripemd160hash) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { - return uint64(len(input)+31)/32*params.Ripemd160WordGas + params.Ripemd160Gas + return uint64(len(input)+31)/32*params.Ripemd160PerWordGas + params.Ripemd160BaseGas } -func (c *ripemd160hash) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) { +func (c *ripemd160hash) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) { ripemd := ripemd160.New() - ripemd.Write(in) + ripemd.Write(input) return common.LeftPadBytes(ripemd.Sum(nil), 32), nil } -// data copy implemented as a native contract +// data copy implemented as a native contract. type dataCopy struct{} // RequiredGas returns the gas required to execute the pre-compiled contract. @@ -142,195 +140,232 @@ type dataCopy struct{} // This method does not require any overflow checking as the input size gas costs // required for anything significant is so high it's impossible to pay for. func (c *dataCopy) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { - return uint64(len(input)+31)/32*params.IdentityWordGas + params.IdentityGas + return uint64(len(input)+31)/32*params.IdentityPerWordGas + params.IdentityBaseGas } func (c *dataCopy) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) { return in, nil } -// bigModexp implements a native big integer exponential modular operation. -type bigModexp struct{} +// bigModExp implements a native big integer exponential modular operation. +type bigModExp struct{} // RequiredGas returns the gas required to execute the pre-compiled contract. -// -// This method does not require any overflow checking as the input size gas costs -// required for anything significant is so high it's impossible to pay for. -func (c *bigModexp) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { - // TODO reword required gas to have error reporting and convert arithmetic - // to uint64. - if len(input) < 3*32 { - input = append(input, make([]byte, 3*32-len(input))...) - } - var ( - baseLen = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[:31]) - expLen = math.BigMax(new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[32:64]), big.NewInt(1)) - modLen = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[65:97]) - ) - x := new(big.Int).Set(math.BigMax(baseLen, modLen)) - x.Mul(x, x) - x.Mul(x, expLen) - x.Div(x, new(big.Int).SetUint64(params.QuadCoeffDiv)) +func (c *bigModExp) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { + // Pad the input with zeroes to the minimum size to read the field lengths + input = common.RightPadBytes(input, 96) - return x.Uint64() + var ( + baseLen = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[:32]) + expLen = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[32:64]) + modLen = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[64:96]) + ) + input = input[96:] + + // Retrieve the head 32 bytes of exp for the adjusted exponent length + var expHead *big.Int + if big.NewInt(int64(len(input))).Cmp(baseLen) <= 0 { + expHead = new(big.Int) + } else { + offset := int(baseLen.Uint64()) + + input = common.RightPadBytes(input, offset+32) + if expLen.Cmp(big.NewInt(32)) > 0 { + expHead = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[offset : offset+32]) + } else { + expHead = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[offset : offset+int(expLen.Uint64())]) + } + } + // Calculate the adjusted exponent length + var msb int + if bitlen := expHead.BitLen(); bitlen > 0 { + msb = bitlen - 1 + } + adjExpLen := new(big.Int) + if expLen.Cmp(big.NewInt(32)) > 0 { + adjExpLen.Sub(expLen, big.NewInt(32)) + adjExpLen.Mul(big.NewInt(8), adjExpLen) + } + adjExpLen.Add(adjExpLen, big.NewInt(int64(msb))) + + // Calculate the gas cost of the operation + gas := new(big.Int).Set(math.BigMax(modLen, baseLen)) + switch { + case gas.Cmp(big.NewInt(64)) <= 0: + gas.Mul(gas, gas) + case gas.Cmp(big.NewInt(1024)) <= 0: + gas = new(big.Int).Add( + new(big.Int).Div(new(big.Int).Mul(gas, gas), big.NewInt(4)), + new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(96), gas), big.NewInt(3072)), + ) + default: + gas = new(big.Int).Add( + new(big.Int).Div(new(big.Int).Mul(gas, gas), big.NewInt(16)), + new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(480), gas), big.NewInt(199680)), + ) + } + gas.Mul(gas, math.BigMax(adjExpLen, big.NewInt(1))) + gas.Div(gas, new(big.Int).SetUint64(params.ModExpQuadCoeffDiv)) + + if gas.BitLen() > 64 { + return math.MaxUint64 + } + return gas.Uint64() } -func (c *bigModexp) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) { - if len(input) < 3*32 { - input = append(input, make([]byte, 3*32-len(input))...) - } - // why 32-byte? These values won't fit anyway +func (c *bigModExp) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) { + // Pad the input with zeroes to the minimum size to read the field lengths + input = common.RightPadBytes(input, 96) + var ( baseLen = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[:32]).Uint64() expLen = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[32:64]).Uint64() modLen = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[64:96]).Uint64() ) - input = input[96:] - if uint64(len(input)) < baseLen { - input = append(input, make([]byte, baseLen-uint64(len(input)))...) - } - base := new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[:baseLen]) - input = input[baseLen:] - if uint64(len(input)) < expLen { - input = append(input, make([]byte, expLen-uint64(len(input)))...) - } - exp := new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[:expLen]) + // Pad the input with zeroes to the minimum size to read the field contents + input = common.RightPadBytes(input, int(baseLen+expLen+modLen)) - input = input[expLen:] - if uint64(len(input)) < modLen { - input = append(input, make([]byte, modLen-uint64(len(input)))...) + var ( + base = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[:baseLen]) + exp = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[baseLen : baseLen+expLen]) + mod = new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[baseLen+expLen : baseLen+expLen+modLen]) + ) + if mod.BitLen() == 0 { + // Modulo 0 is undefined, return zero + return common.LeftPadBytes([]byte{}, int(modLen)), nil } - mod := new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[:modLen]) - - return common.LeftPadBytes(base.Exp(base, exp, mod).Bytes(), len(input[:modLen])), nil + return common.LeftPadBytes(base.Exp(base, exp, mod).Bytes(), int(modLen)), nil } -type bn256Add struct{} - -// RequiredGas returns the gas required to execute the pre-compiled contract. -// -// This method does not require any overflow checking as the input size gas costs -// required for anything significant is so high it's impossible to pay for. -func (c *bn256Add) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { - return 0 // TODO -} - -func (c *bn256Add) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) { - in = common.RightPadBytes(in, 128) - - x, onCurve := new(bn256.G1).Unmarshal(in[:64]) - if !onCurve { - return nil, errNotOnCurve - } - gx, gy, _, _ := x.CurvePoints() - if gx.Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 || gy.Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 { - return nil, errInvalidCurvePoint - } - - y, onCurve := new(bn256.G1).Unmarshal(in[64:128]) - if !onCurve { - return nil, errNotOnCurve - } - gx, gy, _, _ = y.CurvePoints() - if gx.Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 || gy.Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 { - return nil, errInvalidCurvePoint - } - x.Add(x, y) - - return x.Marshal(), nil -} - -type bn256ScalarMul struct{} - -// RequiredGas returns the gas required to execute the pre-compiled contract. -// -// This method does not require any overflow checking as the input size gas costs -// required for anything significant is so high it's impossible to pay for. -func (c *bn256ScalarMul) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { - return 0 // TODO -} - -func (c *bn256ScalarMul) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) { - in = common.RightPadBytes(in, 96) - - g1, onCurve := new(bn256.G1).Unmarshal(in[:64]) - if !onCurve { - return nil, errNotOnCurve - } - x, y, _, _ := g1.CurvePoints() - if x.Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 || y.Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 { - return nil, errInvalidCurvePoint - } - g1.ScalarMult(g1, new(big.Int).SetBytes(in[64:96])) - - return g1.Marshal(), nil -} - -// pairing implements a pairing pre-compile for the bn256 curve -type pairing struct{} - -// RequiredGas returns the gas required to execute the pre-compiled contract. -// -// This method does not require any overflow checking as the input size gas costs -// required for anything significant is so high it's impossible to pay for. -func (c *pairing) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { - //return 0 // TODO - k := (len(input) + 191) / pairSize - return uint64(60000*k + 40000) -} - -const pairSize = 192 - var ( - true32Byte = []byte{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1} - fals32Byte = make([]byte, 32) - errNotOnCurve = errors.New("point not on elliptic curve") + // errNotOnCurve is returned if a point being unmarshalled as a bn256 elliptic + // curve point is not on the curve. + errNotOnCurve = errors.New("point not on elliptic curve") + + // errInvalidCurvePoint is returned if a point being unmarshalled as a bn256 + // elliptic curve point is invalid. errInvalidCurvePoint = errors.New("invalid elliptic curve point") ) -func (c *pairing) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) { - if len(in) == 0 { - return true32Byte, nil +// newCurvePoint unmarshals a binary blob into a bn256 elliptic curve point, +// returning it, or an error if the point is invalid. +func newCurvePoint(blob []byte) (*bn256.G1, error) { + p, onCurve := new(bn256.G1).Unmarshal(blob) + if !onCurve { + return nil, errNotOnCurve } - - if len(in)%pairSize > 0 { - return nil, errBadPrecompileInput + gx, gy, _, _ := p.CurvePoints() + if gx.Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 || gy.Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 { + return nil, errInvalidCurvePoint } - - var ( - g1s []*bn256.G1 - g2s []*bn256.G2 - ) - for i := 0; i < len(in); i += pairSize { - g1, onCurve := new(bn256.G1).Unmarshal(in[i : i+64]) - if !onCurve { - return nil, errNotOnCurve - } - - x, y, _, _ := g1.CurvePoints() - if x.Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 || y.Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 { - return nil, errInvalidCurvePoint - } - - g2, onCurve := new(bn256.G2).Unmarshal(in[i+64 : i+192]) - if !onCurve { - return nil, errNotOnCurve - } - x2, y2, _, _ := g2.CurvePoints() - if x2.Real().Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 || x2.Imag().Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 || - y2.Real().Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 || y2.Imag().Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 { - return nil, errInvalidCurvePoint - } - - g1s = append(g1s, g1) - g2s = append(g2s, g2) - } - - isOne := bn256.PairingCheck(g1s, g2s) - if isOne { - return true32Byte, nil - } - - return fals32Byte, nil + return p, nil +} + +// newTwistPoint unmarshals a binary blob into a bn256 elliptic curve point, +// returning it, or an error if the point is invalid. +func newTwistPoint(blob []byte) (*bn256.G2, error) { + p, onCurve := new(bn256.G2).Unmarshal(blob) + if !onCurve { + return nil, errNotOnCurve + } + x2, y2, _, _ := p.CurvePoints() + if x2.Real().Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 || x2.Imag().Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 || + y2.Real().Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 || y2.Imag().Cmp(bn256.P) >= 0 { + return nil, errInvalidCurvePoint + } + return p, nil +} + +// bn256Add implements a native elliptic curve point addition. +type bn256Add struct{} + +// RequiredGas returns the gas required to execute the pre-compiled contract. +func (c *bn256Add) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { + return params.Bn256AddGas +} + +func (c *bn256Add) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) { + // Ensure we have enough data to operate on + input = common.RightPadBytes(input, 128) + + x, err := newCurvePoint(input[:64]) + if err != nil { + return nil, err + } + y, err := newCurvePoint(input[64:128]) + if err != nil { + return nil, err + } + x.Add(x, y) + return x.Marshal(), nil +} + +// bn256ScalarMul implements a native elliptic curve scalar multiplication. +type bn256ScalarMul struct{} + +// RequiredGas returns the gas required to execute the pre-compiled contract. +func (c *bn256ScalarMul) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { + return params.Bn256ScalarMulGas +} + +func (c *bn256ScalarMul) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) { + // Ensure we have enough data to operate on + input = common.RightPadBytes(input, 96) + + p, err := newCurvePoint(input[:64]) + if err != nil { + return nil, err + } + p.ScalarMult(p, new(big.Int).SetBytes(input[64:96])) + return p.Marshal(), nil +} + +var ( + // true32Byte is returned if the bn256 pairing check succeeds. + true32Byte = []byte{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1} + + // false32Byte is returned if the bn256 pairing check fails. + false32Byte = make([]byte, 32) + + // errBadPairingInput is returned if the bn256 pairing input is invalid. + errBadPairingInput = errors.New("bad elliptic curve pairing size") +) + +// bn256Pairing implements a pairing pre-compile for the bn256 curve +type bn256Pairing struct{} + +// RequiredGas returns the gas required to execute the pre-compiled contract. +func (c *bn256Pairing) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { + return params.Bn256PairingBaseGas + uint64(len(input)/192)*params.Bn256PairingPerPointGas +} + +func (c *bn256Pairing) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) { + // Handle some corner cases cheaply + if len(input)%192 > 0 { + return nil, errBadPairingInput + } + // Convert the input into a set of coordinates + var ( + cs []*bn256.G1 + ts []*bn256.G2 + ) + for i := 0; i < len(input); i += 192 { + c, err := newCurvePoint(input[i : i+64]) + if err != nil { + return nil, err + } + t, err := newTwistPoint(input[i+64 : i+192]) + if err != nil { + return nil, err + } + cs = append(cs, c) + ts = append(ts, t) + } + // Execute the pairing checks and return the results + ok := bn256.PairingCheck(cs, ts) + if ok { + return true32Byte, nil + } + return false32Byte, nil } diff --git a/core/vm/contracts_test.go b/core/vm/contracts_test.go index 2b4070ede7..d049571610 100644 --- a/core/vm/contracts_test.go +++ b/core/vm/contracts_test.go @@ -1,17 +1,100 @@ package vm import ( + "bytes" + "math" "testing" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common" ) -const input = "" +// Tests the sample inputs from the ModExp EIP 198. +func TestPrecompiledModExp(t *testing.T) { + bigModExp := &bigModExp{} -func TestPairing(t *testing.T) { - pairing := &pairing{} + for i, tt := range []struct { + input string + gas uint64 + output string + }{ + {"00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002003fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2efffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2f", 2611, "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001"}, + {"000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2efffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2f", 2611, "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"}, + {"00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffd", math.MaxUint64, ""}, + {"00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002003ffff800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000007", 153, "3b01b01ac41f2d6e917c6d6a221ce793802469026d9ab7578fa2e79e4da6aaab"}, + {"00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002003ffff80", 153, "3b01b01ac41f2d6e917c6d6a221ce793802469026d9ab7578fa2e79e4da6aaab"}, + } { + gas := bigModExp.RequiredGas(common.FromHex(tt.input)) + if gas != tt.gas { + t.Errorf("test %d: required gas mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, gas, tt.gas) + continue + } + if gas == math.MaxUint64 { + continue // Out of gas + } + out, err := bigModExp.Run(common.FromHex(tt.input)) + if err != nil { + t.Errorf("test %d: contract execution failed: %v", i, err) + continue + } + if !bytes.Equal(out, common.FromHex(tt.output)) { + t.Errorf("test %d: contract output mismatch: have %x, want %v", i, out, tt.output) + } + } +} - for i, test := range []struct { +// Tests the sample inputs from the elliptic curve addition EIP 213. +func TestPrecompiledBn256Add(t *testing.T) { + bn256Add := &bn256Add{} + + for i, tt := range []struct { + input string + failure error + output string + }{ + {"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000", nil, "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"}, + {"", nil, "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"}, + {"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111", errNotOnCurve, ""}, + } { + out, err := bn256Add.Run(common.FromHex(tt.input)) + if err != tt.failure { + t.Errorf("test %d: contract execution failure mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, err, tt.failure) + continue + } + if !bytes.Equal(out, common.FromHex(tt.output)) { + t.Errorf("test %d: contract output mismatch: have %x, want %v", i, out, tt.output) + } + } +} + +// Tests the sample inputs from the elliptic curve scalar multiplication EIP 213. +func TestPrecompiledBn256ScalarMul(t *testing.T) { + bn256ScalarMul := &bn256ScalarMul{} + + for i, tt := range []struct { + input string + failure error + output string + }{ + {"000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000", nil, "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"}, + {"", nil, "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"}, + {"111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110f00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000", errNotOnCurve, ""}, + } { + out, err := bn256ScalarMul.Run(common.FromHex(tt.input)) + if err != tt.failure { + t.Errorf("test %d: contract execution failure mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, err, tt.failure) + continue + } + if !bytes.Equal(out, common.FromHex(tt.output)) { + t.Errorf("test %d: contract output mismatch: have %x, want %v", i, out, tt.output) + } + } +} + +// Tests the sample inputs from the elliptic curve pairing check EIP 197. +func TestPrecompiledBn256Pairing(t *testing.T) { + bn256Pairing := &bn256Pairing{} + + for i, tt := range []struct { input string valid int }{ @@ -22,14 +105,12 @@ func TestPairing(t *testing.T) { {"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", 1}, {"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", 0}, } { - r, err := pairing.Run(common.FromHex(test.input)) + out, err := bn256Pairing.Run(common.FromHex(tt.input)) if err != nil { - t.Error(i, ":", err) + t.Errorf("test %d: contrac execution failed: %v", i, err) } - - if int(r[31]) != test.valid { - t.Error(i, "expected", test.valid, "but was", r[31]) + if int(out[31]) != tt.valid { + t.Errorf("test %d: contract output mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, out[31], tt.valid) } } - } diff --git a/core/vm/evm.go b/core/vm/evm.go index 20eaaccb46..b8af9bd15f 100644 --- a/core/vm/evm.go +++ b/core/vm/evm.go @@ -36,16 +36,14 @@ type ( // run runs the given contract and takes care of running precompiles with a fallback to the byte code interpreter. func run(evm *EVM, snapshot int, contract *Contract, input []byte) ([]byte, error) { if contract.CodeAddr != nil { - precompiledContracts := PrecompiledContracts + precompiles := PrecompiledContractsHomestead if evm.ChainConfig().IsMetropolis(evm.BlockNumber) { - precompiledContracts = PrecompiledContractsMetropolis + precompiles = PrecompiledContractsMetropolis } - - if p := precompiledContracts[*contract.CodeAddr]; p != nil { + if p := precompiles[*contract.CodeAddr]; p != nil { return RunPrecompiledContract(p, input, contract) } } - return evm.interpreter.Run(snapshot, contract, input) } @@ -147,10 +145,13 @@ func (evm *EVM) Call(caller ContractRef, addr common.Address, input []byte, gas snapshot = evm.StateDB.Snapshot() ) if !evm.StateDB.Exist(addr) { - if PrecompiledContracts[addr] == nil && evm.ChainConfig().IsEIP158(evm.BlockNumber) && value.Sign() == 0 { + precompiles := PrecompiledContractsHomestead + if evm.ChainConfig().IsMetropolis(evm.BlockNumber) { + precompiles = PrecompiledContractsMetropolis + } + if precompiles[addr] == nil && evm.ChainConfig().IsEIP158(evm.BlockNumber) && value.Sign() == 0 { return nil, gas, nil } - evm.StateDB.CreateAccount(addr) } evm.Transfer(evm.StateDB, caller.Address(), to.Address(), value) diff --git a/core/vm/instructions_test.go b/core/vm/instructions_test.go index 03c42c561c..13e411d127 100644 --- a/core/vm/instructions_test.go +++ b/core/vm/instructions_test.go @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ func precompiledBenchmark(addr, input, expected string, gas uint64, bench *testi contract := NewContract(AccountRef(common.HexToAddress("1337")), nil, new(big.Int), gas) - p := PrecompiledContracts[common.HexToAddress(addr)] + p := PrecompiledContractsMetropolis[common.HexToAddress(addr)] in := common.Hex2Bytes(input) var ( res []byte @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func precompiledBenchmark(addr, input, expected string, gas uint64, bench *testi } } -func BenchmarkPrecompiledEcdsa(bench *testing.B) { +func BenchmarkPrecompiledECDSA(bench *testing.B) { var ( addr = "01" inp = "38d18acb67d25c8bb9942764b62f18e17054f66a817bd4295423adf9ed98873e000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001b38d18acb67d25c8bb9942764b62f18e17054f66a817bd4295423adf9ed98873e789d1dd423d25f0772d2748d60f7e4b81bb14d086eba8e8e8efb6dcff8a4ae02" @@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ func BenchmarkPrecompiledEcdsa(bench *testing.B) { ) precompiledBenchmark(addr, inp, exp, gas, bench) } + func BenchmarkPrecompiledSha256(bench *testing.B) { var ( addr = "02" @@ -112,6 +113,7 @@ func BenchmarkPrecompiledSha256(bench *testing.B) { ) precompiledBenchmark(addr, inp, exp, gas, bench) } + func BenchmarkPrecompiledRipeMD(bench *testing.B) { var ( addr = "03" @@ -121,6 +123,7 @@ func BenchmarkPrecompiledRipeMD(bench *testing.B) { ) precompiledBenchmark(addr, inp, exp, gas, bench) } + func BenchmarkPrecompiledIdentity(bench *testing.B) { var ( addr = "04" @@ -130,131 +133,171 @@ func BenchmarkPrecompiledIdentity(bench *testing.B) { ) precompiledBenchmark(addr, inp, exp, gas, bench) } + +func BenchmarkPrecompiledModExp(bench *testing.B) { + var ( + addr = "05" + inp = "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002003fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2efffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffefffffc2f" + exp = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001" + gas = uint64(4000000) + ) + precompiledBenchmark(addr, inp, exp, gas, bench) +} + +func BenchmarkPrecompiledBn256Add(bench *testing.B) { + var ( + addr = "06" + inp = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000" + exp = "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000" + gas = uint64(4000000) + ) + precompiledBenchmark(addr, inp, exp, gas, bench) +} + +func BenchmarkPrecompiledBn256ScalarMul(bench *testing.B) { + var ( + addr = "07" + inp = "000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000" + exp = "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000" + gas = uint64(4000000) + ) + precompiledBenchmark(addr, inp, exp, gas, bench) +} + +func BenchmarkPrecompiledBn256Pairing(bench *testing.B) { + var ( + addr = "08" + inp = "1c76476f4def4bb94541d57ebba1193381ffa7aa76ada664dd31c16024c43f593034dd2920f673e204fee2811c678745fc819b55d3e9d294e45c9b03a76aef41209dd15ebff5d46c4bd888e51a93cf99a7329636c63514396b4a452003a35bf704bf11ca01483bfa8b34b43561848d28905960114c8ac04049af4b6315a416782bb8324af6cfc93537a2ad1a445cfd0ca2a71acd7ac41fadbf933c2a51be344d120a2a4cf30c1bf9845f20c6fe39e07ea2cce61f0c9bb048165fe5e4de877550111e129f1cf1097710d41c4ac70fcdfa5ba2023c6ff1cbeac322de49d1b6df7c2032c61a830e3c17286de9462bf242fca2883585b93870a73853face6a6bf411198e9393920d483a7260bfb731fb5d25f1aa493335a9e71297e485b7aef312c21800deef121f1e76426a00665e5c4479674322d4f75edadd46debd5cd992f6ed090689d0585ff075ec9e99ad690c3395bc4b313370b38ef355acdadcd122975b12c85ea5db8c6deb4aab71808dcb408fe3d1e7690c43d37b4ce6cc0166fa7daa" + exp = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001" + gas = uint64(4000000) + ) + precompiledBenchmark(addr, inp, exp, gas, bench) +} + func BenchmarkOpAdd(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opAdd, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpSub(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opSub, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpMul(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opMul, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpDiv(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opDiv, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpSdiv(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opSdiv, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpMod(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opMod, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpSmod(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opSmod, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpExp(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opExp, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpSignExtend(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opSignExtend, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpLt(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opLt, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpGt(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opGt, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpSlt(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opSlt, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpSgt(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opSgt, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpEq(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opEq, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpAnd(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opAnd, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpOr(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opOr, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpXor(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opXor, x, y) - } + func BenchmarkOpByte(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opByte, x, y) - } func BenchmarkOpAddmod(b *testing.B) { @@ -263,15 +306,14 @@ func BenchmarkOpAddmod(b *testing.B) { z := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opAddmod, x, y, z) - } + func BenchmarkOpMulmod(b *testing.B) { x := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" y := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" z := "ABCDEF090807060504030201ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" opBenchmark(b, opMulmod, x, y, z) - } //func BenchmarkOpSha3(b *testing.B) { diff --git a/params/protocol_params.go b/params/protocol_params.go index f48bf4992d..9c84c7d348 100644 --- a/params/protocol_params.go +++ b/params/protocol_params.go @@ -31,23 +31,16 @@ const ( SstoreSetGas uint64 = 20000 // Once per SLOAD operation. LogDataGas uint64 = 8 // Per byte in a LOG* operation's data. CallStipend uint64 = 2300 // Free gas given at beginning of call. - EcrecoverGas uint64 = 3000 // - Sha256WordGas uint64 = 12 // Sha3Gas uint64 = 30 // Once per SHA3 operation. - Sha256Gas uint64 = 60 // - IdentityWordGas uint64 = 3 // Sha3WordGas uint64 = 6 // Once per word of the SHA3 operation's data. SstoreResetGas uint64 = 5000 // Once per SSTORE operation if the zeroness changes from zero. SstoreClearGas uint64 = 5000 // Once per SSTORE operation if the zeroness doesn't change. SstoreRefundGas uint64 = 15000 // Once per SSTORE operation if the zeroness changes to zero. JumpdestGas uint64 = 1 // Refunded gas, once per SSTORE operation if the zeroness changes to zero. - IdentityGas uint64 = 15 // EpochDuration uint64 = 30000 // Duration between proof-of-work epochs. CallGas uint64 = 40 // Once per CALL operation & message call transaction. CreateDataGas uint64 = 200 // - Ripemd160Gas uint64 = 600 // - Ripemd160WordGas uint64 = 120 // CallCreateDepth uint64 = 1024 // Maximum depth of call/create stack. ExpGas uint64 = 10 // Once per EXP instruction LogGas uint64 = 375 // Per LOG* operation. @@ -60,7 +53,22 @@ const ( MemoryGas uint64 = 3 // Times the address of the (highest referenced byte in memory + 1). NOTE: referencing happens on read, write and in instructions such as RETURN and CALL. TxDataNonZeroGas uint64 = 68 // Per byte of data attached to a transaction that is not equal to zero. NOTE: Not payable on data of calls between transactions. - MaxCodeSize = 24576 + MaxCodeSize = 24576 // Maximum bytecode to permit for a contract + + // Precompiled contract gas prices + + EcrecoverGas uint64 = 3000 // Elliptic curve sender recovery gas price + Sha256BaseGas uint64 = 60 // Base price for a SHA256 operation + Sha256PerWordGas uint64 = 12 // Per-word price for a SHA256 operation + Ripemd160BaseGas uint64 = 600 // Base price for a RIPEMD160 operation + Ripemd160PerWordGas uint64 = 120 // Per-word price for a RIPEMD160 operation + IdentityBaseGas uint64 = 15 // Base price for a data copy operation + IdentityPerWordGas uint64 = 3 // Per-work price for a data copy operation + ModExpQuadCoeffDiv uint64 = 100 // Divisor for the quadratic particle of the big int modular exponentiation + Bn256AddGas uint64 = 500 // Gas needed for an elliptic curve addition + Bn256ScalarMulGas uint64 = 2000 // Gas needed for an elliptic curve scalar multiplication + Bn256PairingBaseGas uint64 = 100000 // Base price for an elliptic curve pairing check + Bn256PairingPerPointGas uint64 = 80000 // Per-point price for an elliptic curve pairing check ) var (