cmd, consensus, core, miner: instatx clique for --dev (#15323)

* cmd, consensus, core, miner: instatx clique for --dev

* cmd, consensus, clique: support configurable --dev block times

* cmd, core: allow --dev to use persistent storage too

accounts/abi/bind/backends/simulated.go

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ type SimulatedBackend struct {
 // for testing purposes.
 func NewSimulatedBackend(alloc core.GenesisAlloc) *SimulatedBackend {
 	database, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	genesis := core.Genesis{Config: params.AllProtocolChanges, Alloc: alloc}
+	genesis := core.Genesis{Config: params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, Alloc: alloc}
 	genesis.MustCommit(database)
 	blockchain, _ := core.NewBlockChain(database, genesis.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{})
 	backend := &SimulatedBackend{database: database, blockchain: blockchain, config: genesis.Config}

cmd/geth/accountcmd_test.go

@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Fatal: could not decrypt key with given passphrase
 func TestUnlockFlag(t *testing.T) {
 	datadir := tmpDatadirWithKeystore(t)
 	geth := runGeth(t,
-		"--datadir", datadir, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--dev",
+		"--datadir", datadir, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--maxpeers", "0", "--port", "0",
 		"--unlock", "f466859ead1932d743d622cb74fc058882e8648a",
 		"js", "testdata/empty.js")
 	geth.Expect(`
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ Passphrase: {{.InputLine "foobar"}}
 func TestUnlockFlagWrongPassword(t *testing.T) {
 	datadir := tmpDatadirWithKeystore(t)
 	geth := runGeth(t,
-		"--datadir", datadir, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--dev",
+		"--datadir", datadir, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--maxpeers", "0", "--port", "0",
 		"--unlock", "f466859ead1932d743d622cb74fc058882e8648a")
 	defer geth.ExpectExit()
 	geth.Expect(`
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ Fatal: Failed to unlock account f466859ead1932d743d622cb74fc058882e8648a (could
 func TestUnlockFlagMultiIndex(t *testing.T) {
 	datadir := tmpDatadirWithKeystore(t)
 	geth := runGeth(t,
-		"--datadir", datadir, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--dev",
+		"--datadir", datadir, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--maxpeers", "0", "--port", "0",
 		"--unlock", "0,2",
 		"js", "testdata/empty.js")
 	geth.Expect(`
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ Passphrase: {{.InputLine "foobar"}}
 func TestUnlockFlagPasswordFile(t *testing.T) {
 	datadir := tmpDatadirWithKeystore(t)
 	geth := runGeth(t,
-		"--datadir", datadir, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--dev",
+		"--datadir", datadir, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--maxpeers", "0", "--port", "0",
 		"--password", "testdata/passwords.txt", "--unlock", "0,2",
 		"js", "testdata/empty.js")
 	geth.ExpectExit()
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ func TestUnlockFlagPasswordFile(t *testing.T) {
 func TestUnlockFlagPasswordFileWrongPassword(t *testing.T) {
 	datadir := tmpDatadirWithKeystore(t)
 	geth := runGeth(t,
-		"--datadir", datadir, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--dev",
+		"--datadir", datadir, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--maxpeers", "0", "--port", "0",
 		"--password", "testdata/wrong-passwords.txt", "--unlock", "0,2")
 	defer geth.ExpectExit()
 	geth.Expect(`
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ Fatal: Failed to unlock account 0 (could not decrypt key with given passphrase)
 func TestUnlockFlagAmbiguous(t *testing.T) {
 	store := filepath.Join("..", "..", "accounts", "keystore", "testdata", "dupes")
 	geth := runGeth(t,
-		"--keystore", store, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--dev",
+		"--keystore", store, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--maxpeers", "0", "--port", "0",
 		"--unlock", "f466859ead1932d743d622cb74fc058882e8648a",
 		"js", "testdata/empty.js")
 	defer geth.ExpectExit()
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ In order to avoid this warning, you need to remove the following duplicate key f
 func TestUnlockFlagAmbiguousWrongPassword(t *testing.T) {
 	store := filepath.Join("..", "..", "accounts", "keystore", "testdata", "dupes")
 	geth := runGeth(t,
-		"--keystore", store, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--dev",
+		"--keystore", store, "--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--maxpeers", "0", "--port", "0",
 		"--unlock", "f466859ead1932d743d622cb74fc058882e8648a")
 	defer geth.ExpectExit()
 

cmd/geth/config.go

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context) *node.Node {
 
 	// Whisper must be explicitly enabled by specifying at least 1 whisper flag or in dev mode
 	shhEnabled := enableWhisper(ctx)
-	shhAutoEnabled := !ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperEnabledFlag.Name) && ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.DevModeFlag.Name)
+	shhAutoEnabled := !ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperEnabledFlag.Name) && ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.DeveloperFlag.Name)
 	if shhEnabled || shhAutoEnabled {
 		if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperMaxMessageSizeFlag.Name) {
 			cfg.Shh.MaxMessageSize = uint32(ctx.Int(utils.WhisperMaxMessageSizeFlag.Name))

cmd/geth/main.go

@@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ var (
 		utils.NetrestrictFlag,
 		utils.NodeKeyFileFlag,
 		utils.NodeKeyHexFlag,
-		utils.DevModeFlag,
+		utils.DeveloperFlag,
+		utils.DeveloperPeriodFlag,
 		utils.TestnetFlag,
 		utils.RinkebyFlag,
 		utils.VMEnableDebugFlag,
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ func startNode(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node) {
 		}
 	}()
 	// Start auxiliary services if enabled
-	if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.MiningEnabledFlag.Name) {
+	if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.MiningEnabledFlag.Name) || ctx.GlobalBool(utils.DeveloperFlag.Name) {
 		// Mining only makes sense if a full Ethereum node is running
 		var ethereum *eth.Ethereum
 		if err := stack.Service(&ethereum); err != nil {

cmd/geth/usage.go

@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ var AppHelpFlagGroups = []flagGroup{
 			utils.NetworkIdFlag,
 			utils.TestnetFlag,
 			utils.RinkebyFlag,
-			utils.DevModeFlag,
 			utils.SyncModeFlag,
 			utils.EthStatsURLFlag,
 			utils.IdentityFlag,
@@ -81,6 +80,12 @@ var AppHelpFlagGroups = []flagGroup{
 			utils.LightKDFFlag,
 		},
 	},
+	{Name: "DEVELOPER CHAIN",
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
+			utils.DeveloperFlag,
+			utils.DeveloperPeriodFlag,
+		},
+	},
 	{
 		Name: "ETHASH",
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{

cmd/utils/flags.go

@@ -137,9 +137,13 @@ var (
 		Name:  "rinkeby",
 		Usage: "Rinkeby network: pre-configured proof-of-authority test network",
 	}
-	DevModeFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
+	DeveloperFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:  "dev",
-		Usage: "Developer mode: pre-configured private network with several debugging flags",
+		Usage: "Ephemeral proof-of-authority network with a pre-funded developer account, mining enabled",
+	}
+	DeveloperPeriodFlag = cli.IntFlag{
+		Name:  "dev.period",
+		Usage: "Block period to use in developer mode (0 = mine only if transaction pending)",
 	}
 	IdentityFlag = cli.StringFlag{
 		Name:  "identity",
@@ -796,7 +800,7 @@ func SetP2PConfig(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *p2p.Config) {
 		cfg.NetRestrict = list
 	}
 
-	if ctx.GlobalBool(DevModeFlag.Name) {
+	if ctx.GlobalBool(DeveloperFlag.Name) {
 		// --dev mode can't use p2p networking.
 		cfg.MaxPeers = 0
 		cfg.ListenAddr = ":0"
@@ -817,8 +821,8 @@ func SetNodeConfig(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *node.Config) {
 	switch {
 	case ctx.GlobalIsSet(DataDirFlag.Name):
 		cfg.DataDir = ctx.GlobalString(DataDirFlag.Name)
-	case ctx.GlobalBool(DevModeFlag.Name):
+	case ctx.GlobalBool(DeveloperFlag.Name):
-		cfg.DataDir = filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "ethereum_dev_mode")
+		cfg.DataDir = "" // unless explicitly requested, use memory databases
 	case ctx.GlobalBool(TestnetFlag.Name):
 		cfg.DataDir = filepath.Join(node.DefaultDataDir(), "testnet")
 	case ctx.GlobalBool(RinkebyFlag.Name):
@@ -924,7 +928,7 @@ func SetShhConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *whisper.Config) {
 // SetEthConfig applies eth-related command line flags to the config.
 func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *eth.Config) {
 	// Avoid conflicting network flags
-	checkExclusive(ctx, DevModeFlag, TestnetFlag, RinkebyFlag)
+	checkExclusive(ctx, DeveloperFlag, TestnetFlag, RinkebyFlag)
 	checkExclusive(ctx, FastSyncFlag, LightModeFlag, SyncModeFlag)
 
 	ks := stack.AccountManager().Backends(keystore.KeyStoreType)[0].(*keystore.KeyStore)
@@ -985,14 +989,30 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *eth.Config) {
 			cfg.NetworkId = 4
 		}
 		cfg.Genesis = core.DefaultRinkebyGenesisBlock()
-	case ctx.GlobalBool(DevModeFlag.Name):
+	case ctx.GlobalBool(DeveloperFlag.Name):
-		cfg.Genesis = core.DevGenesisBlock()
+		// Create new developer account or reuse existing one
-		if !ctx.GlobalIsSet(GasPriceFlag.Name) {
+		var (
-			cfg.GasPrice = new(big.Int)
+			developer accounts.Account
+			err       error
+		)
+		if accs := ks.Accounts(); len(accs) > 0 {
+			developer = ks.Accounts()[0]
+		} else {
+			developer, err = ks.NewAccount("")
+			if err != nil {
+				Fatalf("Failed to create developer account: %v", err)
+			}
 		}
-		cfg.PowTest = true
+		if err := ks.Unlock(developer, ""); err != nil {
-	}
+			Fatalf("Failed to unlock developer account: %v", err)
+		}
+		log.Info("Using developer account", "address", developer.Address)
 
+		cfg.Genesis = core.DeveloperGenesisBlock(uint64(ctx.GlobalInt(DeveloperPeriodFlag.Name)), developer.Address)
+		if !ctx.GlobalIsSet(GasPriceFlag.Name) {
+			cfg.GasPrice = big.NewInt(1)
+		}
+	}
 	// TODO(fjl): move trie cache generations into config
 	if gen := ctx.GlobalInt(TrieCacheGenFlag.Name); gen > 0 {
 		state.MaxTrieCacheGen = uint16(gen)
@@ -1077,8 +1097,8 @@ func MakeGenesis(ctx *cli.Context) *core.Genesis {
 		genesis = core.DefaultTestnetGenesisBlock()
 	case ctx.GlobalBool(RinkebyFlag.Name):
 		genesis = core.DefaultRinkebyGenesisBlock()
-	case ctx.GlobalBool(DevModeFlag.Name):
+	case ctx.GlobalBool(DeveloperFlag.Name):
-		genesis = core.DevGenesisBlock()
+		Fatalf("Developer chains are ephemeral")
 	}
 	return genesis
 }

consensus/clique/clique.go

@@ -125,6 +125,11 @@ var (
 
 	// errUnauthorized is returned if a header is signed by a non-authorized entity.
 	errUnauthorized = errors.New("unauthorized")
+
+	// errWaitTransactions is returned if an empty block is attempted to be sealed
+	// on an instant chain (0 second period). It's important to refuse these as the
+	// block reward is zero, so an empty block just bloats the chain... fast.
+	errWaitTransactions = errors.New("waiting for transactions")
 )
 
 // SignerFn is a signer callback function to request a hash to be signed by a
@@ -211,9 +216,6 @@ func New(config *params.CliqueConfig, db ethdb.Database) *Clique {
 	if conf.Epoch == 0 {
 		conf.Epoch = epochLength
 	}
-	if conf.Period == 0 {
-		conf.Period = blockPeriod
-	}
 	// Allocate the snapshot caches and create the engine
 	recents, _ := lru.NewARC(inmemorySnapshots)
 	signatures, _ := lru.NewARC(inmemorySignatures)
@@ -599,6 +601,10 @@ func (c *Clique) Seal(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block, stop <-ch
 	if number == 0 {
 		return nil, errUnknownBlock
 	}
+	// For 0-period chains, refuse to seal empty blocks (no reward but would spin sealing)
+	if c.config.Period == 0 && len(block.Transactions()) == 0 {
+		return nil, errWaitTransactions
+	}
 	// Don't hold the signer fields for the entire sealing procedure
 	c.lock.RLock()
 	signer, signFn := c.signer, c.signFn

consensus/clique/snapshot_test.go

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ type testerChainReader struct {
 	db ethdb.Database
 }
 
-func (r *testerChainReader) Config() *params.ChainConfig                 { return params.AllProtocolChanges }
+func (r *testerChainReader) Config() *params.ChainConfig                 { return params.AllCliqueProtocolChanges }
 func (r *testerChainReader) CurrentHeader() *types.Header                { panic("not supported") }
 func (r *testerChainReader) GetHeader(common.Hash, uint64) *types.Header { panic("not supported") }
 func (r *testerChainReader) GetBlock(common.Hash, uint64) *types.Block   { panic("not supported") }

console/console_test.go

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func newTester(t *testing.T, confOverride func(*eth.Config)) *tester {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create node: %v", err)
 	}
 	ethConf := &eth.Config{
-		Genesis:   core.DevGenesisBlock(),
+		Genesis:   core.DeveloperGenesisBlock(15, common.Address{}),
 		Etherbase: common.HexToAddress(testAddress),
 		PowTest:   true,
 	}

core/chain_makers.go

@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ func newCanonical(n int, full bool) (ethdb.Database, *BlockChain, error) {
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
 	genesis := gspec.MustCommit(db)
 
-	blockchain, _ := NewBlockChain(db, params.AllProtocolChanges, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{})
+	blockchain, _ := NewBlockChain(db, params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{})
 	// Create and inject the requested chain
 	if n == 0 {
 		return db, blockchain, nil

core/genesis.go

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func (e *GenesisMismatchError) Error() string {
 // The returned chain configuration is never nil.
 func SetupGenesisBlock(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {
 	if genesis != nil && genesis.Config == nil {
-		return params.AllProtocolChanges, common.Hash{}, errGenesisNoConfig
+		return params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, common.Hash{}, errGenesisNoConfig
 	}
 
 	// Just commit the new block if there is no stored genesis block.
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ func (g *Genesis) configOrDefault(ghash common.Hash) *params.ChainConfig {
 	case ghash == params.TestnetGenesisHash:
 		return params.TestnetChainConfig
 	default:
-		return params.AllProtocolChanges
+		return params.AllEthashProtocolChanges
 	}
 }
 
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ func (g *Genesis) Commit(db ethdb.Database) (*types.Block, error) {
 	}
 	config := g.Config
 	if config == nil {
-		config = params.AllProtocolChanges
+		config = params.AllEthashProtocolChanges
 	}
 	return block, WriteChainConfig(db, block.Hash(), config)
 }
@@ -342,14 +342,30 @@ func DefaultRinkebyGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
 	}
 }
 
-// DevGenesisBlock returns the 'geth --dev' genesis block.
+// DeveloperGenesisBlock returns the 'geth --dev' genesis block. Note, this must
-func DevGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
+// be seeded with the
+func DeveloperGenesisBlock(period uint64, faucet common.Address) *Genesis {
+	// Override the default period to the user requested one
+	config := *params.AllCliqueProtocolChanges
+	config.Clique.Period = period
+
+	// Assemble and return the genesis with the precompiles and faucet pre-funded
 	return &Genesis{
-		Config:     params.AllProtocolChanges,
+		Config:     &config,
-		Nonce:      42,
+		ExtraData:  append(append(make([]byte, 32), faucet[:]...), make([]byte, 65)...),
-		GasLimit:   4712388,
+		GasLimit:   6283185,
-		Difficulty: big.NewInt(131072),
+		Difficulty: big.NewInt(1),
-		Alloc:      decodePrealloc(devAllocData),
+		Alloc: map[common.Address]GenesisAccount{
+			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{1}): GenesisAccount{Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECRecover
+			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{2}): GenesisAccount{Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // SHA256
+			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{3}): GenesisAccount{Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // RIPEMD
+			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{4}): GenesisAccount{Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // Identity
+			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{5}): GenesisAccount{Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ModExp
+			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{6}): GenesisAccount{Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECAdd
+			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{7}): GenesisAccount{Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECScalarMul
+			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{8}): GenesisAccount{Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECPairing
+			faucet: GenesisAccount{Balance: new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 256), big.NewInt(9))},
+		},
 	}
 }
 

core/genesis_test.go

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ func TestSetupGenesis(t *testing.T) {
 				return SetupGenesisBlock(db, new(Genesis))
 			},
 			wantErr:    errGenesisNoConfig,
-			wantConfig: params.AllProtocolChanges,
+			wantConfig: params.AllEthashProtocolChanges,
 		},
 		{
 			name: "no block in DB, genesis == nil",

miner/worker.go

@@ -269,6 +269,11 @@ func (self *worker) update() {
 
 				self.current.commitTransactions(self.mux, txset, self.chain, self.coinbase)
 				self.currentMu.Unlock()
+			} else {
+				// If we're mining, but nothing is being processed, wake on new transactions
+				if self.config.Clique != nil && self.config.Clique.Period == 0 {
+					self.commitNewWork()
+				}
 			}
 
 		// System stopped

params/config.go

@@ -77,17 +77,22 @@ var (
 		},
 	}
 
-	// AllProtocolChanges contains every protocol change (EIPs)
+	// AllEthashProtocolChanges contains every protocol change (EIPs) introduced
-	// introduced and accepted by the Ethereum core developers.
+	// and accepted by the Ethereum core developers into the Ethash consensus.
 	//
-	// This configuration is intentionally not using keyed fields.
+	// This configuration is intentionally not using keyed fields to force anyone
-	// This configuration must *always* have all forks enabled, which
+	// adding flags to the config to also have to set these fields.
-	// means that all fields must be set at all times. This forces
+	AllEthashProtocolChanges = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1337), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), new(EthashConfig), nil}
-	// anyone adding flags to the config to also have to set these
+
-	// fields.
+	// AllCliqueProtocolChanges contains every protocol change (EIPs) introduced
-	AllProtocolChanges = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1337), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), new(EthashConfig), nil}
+	// and accepted by the Ethereum core developers into the Clique consensus.
-	TestChainConfig    = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), new(EthashConfig), nil}
+	//
-	TestRules          = TestChainConfig.Rules(new(big.Int))
+	// This configuration is intentionally not using keyed fields to force anyone
+	// adding flags to the config to also have to set these fields.
+	AllCliqueProtocolChanges = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1337), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), nil, &CliqueConfig{Period: 0, Epoch: 30000}}
+
+	TestChainConfig = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), new(EthashConfig), nil}
+	TestRules       = TestChainConfig.Rules(new(big.Int))
 )
 
 // ChainConfig is the core config which determines the blockchain settings.

params/config_test.go

@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ func TestCheckCompatible(t *testing.T) {
 		wantErr     *ConfigCompatError
 	}
 	tests := []test{
-		{stored: AllProtocolChanges, new: AllProtocolChanges, head: 0, wantErr: nil},
+		{stored: AllEthashProtocolChanges, new: AllEthashProtocolChanges, head: 0, wantErr: nil},
-		{stored: AllProtocolChanges, new: AllProtocolChanges, head: 100, wantErr: nil},
+		{stored: AllEthashProtocolChanges, new: AllEthashProtocolChanges, head: 100, wantErr: nil},
 		{
 			stored:  &ChainConfig{EIP150Block: big.NewInt(10)},
 			new:     &ChainConfig{EIP150Block: big.NewInt(20)},
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func TestCheckCompatible(t *testing.T) {
 			wantErr: nil,
 		},
 		{
-			stored: AllProtocolChanges,
+			stored: AllEthashProtocolChanges,
 			new:    &ChainConfig{HomesteadBlock: nil},
 			head:   3,
 			wantErr: &ConfigCompatError{
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func TestCheckCompatible(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			stored: AllProtocolChanges,
+			stored: AllEthashProtocolChanges,
 			new:    &ChainConfig{HomesteadBlock: big.NewInt(1)},
 			head:   3,
 			wantErr: &ConfigCompatError{