// Copyright 2020 The go-ethereum Authors // This file is part of the go-ethereum library. // // The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify // it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or // (at your option) any later version. // // The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the // GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. // // You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License // along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see . package core import ( "crypto/ecdsa" "encoding/binary" "math" "math/big" "testing" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/beacon" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/ethash" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/misc/eip1559" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/misc/eip4844" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/triedb" "github.com/ethereum/go-verkle" "github.com/holiman/uint256" "golang.org/x/crypto/sha3" ) func u64(val uint64) *uint64 { return &val } // TestStateProcessorErrors tests the output from the 'core' errors // as defined in core/error.go. These errors are generated when the // blockchain imports bad blocks, meaning blocks which have valid headers but // contain invalid transactions func TestStateProcessorErrors(t *testing.T) { var ( config = ¶ms.ChainConfig{ ChainID: big.NewInt(1), HomesteadBlock: big.NewInt(0), EIP150Block: big.NewInt(0), EIP155Block: big.NewInt(0), EIP158Block: big.NewInt(0), ByzantiumBlock: big.NewInt(0), ConstantinopleBlock: big.NewInt(0), PetersburgBlock: big.NewInt(0), IstanbulBlock: big.NewInt(0), MuirGlacierBlock: big.NewInt(0), BerlinBlock: big.NewInt(0), LondonBlock: big.NewInt(0), Ethash: new(params.EthashConfig), TerminalTotalDifficulty: big.NewInt(0), ShanghaiTime: new(uint64), CancunTime: new(uint64), } signer = types.LatestSigner(config) key1, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291") key2, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("0202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202002020202020") ) var makeTx = func(key *ecdsa.PrivateKey, nonce uint64, to common.Address, amount *big.Int, gasLimit uint64, gasPrice *big.Int, data []byte) *types.Transaction { tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(nonce, to, amount, gasLimit, gasPrice, data), signer, key) return tx } var mkDynamicTx = func(nonce uint64, to common.Address, gasLimit uint64, gasTipCap, gasFeeCap *big.Int) *types.Transaction { tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTx(&types.DynamicFeeTx{ Nonce: nonce, GasTipCap: gasTipCap, GasFeeCap: gasFeeCap, Gas: gasLimit, To: &to, Value: big.NewInt(0), }), signer, key1) return tx } var mkDynamicCreationTx = func(nonce uint64, gasLimit uint64, gasTipCap, gasFeeCap *big.Int, data []byte) *types.Transaction { tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTx(&types.DynamicFeeTx{ Nonce: nonce, GasTipCap: gasTipCap, GasFeeCap: gasFeeCap, Gas: gasLimit, Value: big.NewInt(0), Data: data, }), signer, key1) return tx } var mkBlobTx = func(nonce uint64, to common.Address, gasLimit uint64, gasTipCap, gasFeeCap, blobGasFeeCap *big.Int, hashes []common.Hash) *types.Transaction { tx, err := types.SignTx(types.NewTx(&types.BlobTx{ Nonce: nonce, GasTipCap: uint256.MustFromBig(gasTipCap), GasFeeCap: uint256.MustFromBig(gasFeeCap), Gas: gasLimit, To: to, BlobHashes: hashes, BlobFeeCap: uint256.MustFromBig(blobGasFeeCap), Value: new(uint256.Int), }), signer, key1) if err != nil { t.Fatal(err) } return tx } { // Tests against a 'recent' chain definition var ( db = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase() gspec = &Genesis{ Config: config, Alloc: types.GenesisAlloc{ common.HexToAddress("0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7"): types.Account{ Balance: big.NewInt(1000000000000000000), // 1 ether Nonce: 0, }, common.HexToAddress("0xfd0810DD14796680f72adf1a371963d0745BCc64"): types.Account{ Balance: big.NewInt(1000000000000000000), // 1 ether Nonce: math.MaxUint64, }, }, } blockchain, _ = NewBlockChain(db, nil, gspec, nil, beacon.New(ethash.NewFaker()), vm.Config{}, nil) tooBigInitCode = [params.MaxInitCodeSize + 1]byte{} ) defer blockchain.Stop() bigNumber := new(big.Int).SetBytes(common.MaxHash.Bytes()) tooBigNumber := new(big.Int).Set(bigNumber) tooBigNumber.Add(tooBigNumber, common.Big1) for i, tt := range []struct { txs []*types.Transaction want string }{ { // ErrNonceTooLow txs: []*types.Transaction{ makeTx(key1, 0, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), params.TxGas, big.NewInt(875000000), nil), makeTx(key1, 0, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), params.TxGas, big.NewInt(875000000), nil), }, want: "could not apply tx 1 [0x0026256b3939ed97e2c4a6f3fce8ecf83bdcfa6d507c47838c308a1fb0436f62]: nonce too low: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7, tx: 0 state: 1", }, { // ErrNonceTooHigh txs: []*types.Transaction{ makeTx(key1, 100, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), params.TxGas, big.NewInt(875000000), nil), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0xdebad714ca7f363bd0d8121c4518ad48fa469ca81b0a081be3d10c17460f751b]: nonce too high: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7, tx: 100 state: 0", }, { // ErrNonceMax txs: []*types.Transaction{ makeTx(key2, math.MaxUint64, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), params.TxGas, big.NewInt(875000000), nil), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0x84ea18d60eb2bb3b040e3add0eb72f757727122cc257dd858c67cb6591a85986]: nonce has max value: address 0xfd0810DD14796680f72adf1a371963d0745BCc64, nonce: 18446744073709551615", }, { // ErrGasLimitReached txs: []*types.Transaction{ makeTx(key1, 0, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), 21000000, big.NewInt(875000000), nil), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0xbd49d8dadfd47fb846986695f7d4da3f7b2c48c8da82dbc211a26eb124883de9]: gas limit reached", }, { // ErrInsufficientFundsForTransfer txs: []*types.Transaction{ makeTx(key1, 0, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(1000000000000000000), params.TxGas, big.NewInt(875000000), nil), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0x98c796b470f7fcab40aaef5c965a602b0238e1034cce6fb73823042dd0638d74]: insufficient funds for gas * price + value: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7 have 1000000000000000000 want 1000018375000000000", }, { // ErrInsufficientFunds txs: []*types.Transaction{ makeTx(key1, 0, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), params.TxGas, big.NewInt(900000000000000000), nil), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0x4a69690c4b0cd85e64d0d9ea06302455b01e10a83db964d60281739752003440]: insufficient funds for gas * price + value: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7 have 1000000000000000000 want 18900000000000000000000", }, // ErrGasUintOverflow // One missing 'core' error is ErrGasUintOverflow: "gas uint64 overflow", // In order to trigger that one, we'd have to allocate a _huge_ chunk of data, such that the // multiplication len(data) +gas_per_byte overflows uint64. Not testable at the moment { // ErrIntrinsicGas txs: []*types.Transaction{ makeTx(key1, 0, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), params.TxGas-1000, big.NewInt(875000000), nil), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0xcf3b049a0b516cb4f9274b3e2a264359e2ba53b2fb64b7bda2c634d5c9d01fca]: intrinsic gas too low: have 20000, want 21000", }, { // ErrGasLimitReached txs: []*types.Transaction{ makeTx(key1, 0, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), params.TxGas*1000, big.NewInt(875000000), nil), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0xbd49d8dadfd47fb846986695f7d4da3f7b2c48c8da82dbc211a26eb124883de9]: gas limit reached", }, { // ErrFeeCapTooLow txs: []*types.Transaction{ mkDynamicTx(0, common.Address{}, params.TxGas, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0)), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0xc4ab868fef0c82ae0387b742aee87907f2d0fc528fc6ea0a021459fb0fc4a4a8]: max fee per gas less than block base fee: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7, maxFeePerGas: 0, baseFee: 875000000", }, { // ErrTipVeryHigh txs: []*types.Transaction{ mkDynamicTx(0, common.Address{}, params.TxGas, tooBigNumber, big.NewInt(1)), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0x15b8391b9981f266b32f3ab7da564bbeb3d6c21628364ea9b32a21139f89f712]: max priority fee per gas higher than 2^256-1: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7, maxPriorityFeePerGas bit length: 257", }, { // ErrFeeCapVeryHigh txs: []*types.Transaction{ mkDynamicTx(0, common.Address{}, params.TxGas, big.NewInt(1), tooBigNumber), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0x48bc299b83fdb345c57478f239e89814bb3063eb4e4b49f3b6057a69255c16bd]: max fee per gas higher than 2^256-1: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7, maxFeePerGas bit length: 257", }, { // ErrTipAboveFeeCap txs: []*types.Transaction{ mkDynamicTx(0, common.Address{}, params.TxGas, big.NewInt(2), big.NewInt(1)), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0xf987a31ff0c71895780a7612f965a0c8b056deb54e020bb44fa478092f14c9b4]: max priority fee per gas higher than max fee per gas: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7, maxPriorityFeePerGas: 2, maxFeePerGas: 1", }, { // ErrInsufficientFunds // Available balance: 1000000000000000000 // Effective cost: 18375000021000 // FeeCap * gas: 1050000000000000000 // This test is designed to have the effective cost be covered by the balance, but // the extended requirement on FeeCap*gas < balance to fail txs: []*types.Transaction{ mkDynamicTx(0, common.Address{}, params.TxGas, big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(50000000000000)), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0x413603cd096a87f41b1660d3ed3e27d62e1da78eac138961c0a1314ed43bd129]: insufficient funds for gas * price + value: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7 have 1000000000000000000 want 1050000000000000000", }, { // Another ErrInsufficientFunds, this one to ensure that feecap/tip of max u256 is allowed txs: []*types.Transaction{ mkDynamicTx(0, common.Address{}, params.TxGas, bigNumber, bigNumber), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0xd82a0c2519acfeac9a948258c47e784acd20651d9d80f9a1c67b4137651c3a24]: insufficient funds for gas * price + value: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7 required balance exceeds 256 bits", }, { // ErrMaxInitCodeSizeExceeded txs: []*types.Transaction{ mkDynamicCreationTx(0, 500000, common.Big0, big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee), tooBigInitCode[:]), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0xd491405f06c92d118dd3208376fcee18a57c54bc52063ee4a26b1cf296857c25]: max initcode size exceeded: code size 49153 limit 49152", }, { // ErrIntrinsicGas: Not enough gas to cover init code txs: []*types.Transaction{ mkDynamicCreationTx(0, 54299, common.Big0, big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee), make([]byte, 320)), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0xfd49536a9b323769d8472fcb3ebb3689b707a349379baee3e2ee3fe7baae06a1]: intrinsic gas too low: have 54299, want 54300", }, { // ErrBlobFeeCapTooLow txs: []*types.Transaction{ mkBlobTx(0, common.Address{}, params.TxGas, big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(0), []common.Hash{(common.Hash{1})}), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0x6c11015985ce82db691d7b2d017acda296db88b811c3c60dc71449c76256c716]: max fee per gas less than block base fee: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7, maxFeePerGas: 1, baseFee: 875000000", }, } { block := GenerateBadBlock(gspec.ToBlock(), beacon.New(ethash.NewFaker()), tt.txs, gspec.Config, false) _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(types.Blocks{block}) if err == nil { t.Fatal("block imported without errors") } if have, want := err.Error(), tt.want; have != want { t.Errorf("test %d:\nhave \"%v\"\nwant \"%v\"\n", i, have, want) } } } // ErrTxTypeNotSupported, For this, we need an older chain { var ( db = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase() gspec = &Genesis{ Config: ¶ms.ChainConfig{ ChainID: big.NewInt(1), HomesteadBlock: big.NewInt(0), EIP150Block: big.NewInt(0), EIP155Block: big.NewInt(0), EIP158Block: big.NewInt(0), ByzantiumBlock: big.NewInt(0), ConstantinopleBlock: big.NewInt(0), PetersburgBlock: big.NewInt(0), IstanbulBlock: big.NewInt(0), MuirGlacierBlock: big.NewInt(0), }, Alloc: types.GenesisAlloc{ common.HexToAddress("0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7"): types.Account{ Balance: big.NewInt(1000000000000000000), // 1 ether Nonce: 0, }, }, } blockchain, _ = NewBlockChain(db, nil, gspec, nil, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil) ) defer blockchain.Stop() for i, tt := range []struct { txs []*types.Transaction want string }{ { // ErrTxTypeNotSupported txs: []*types.Transaction{ mkDynamicTx(0, common.Address{}, params.TxGas-1000, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0)), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0x88626ac0d53cb65308f2416103c62bb1f18b805573d4f96a3640bbbfff13c14f]: transaction type not supported", }, } { block := GenerateBadBlock(gspec.ToBlock(), ethash.NewFaker(), tt.txs, gspec.Config, true) _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(types.Blocks{block}) if err == nil { t.Fatal("block imported without errors") } if have, want := err.Error(), tt.want; have != want { t.Errorf("test %d:\nhave \"%v\"\nwant \"%v\"\n", i, have, want) } } } // ErrSenderNoEOA, for this we need the sender to have contract code { var ( db = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase() gspec = &Genesis{ Config: config, Alloc: types.GenesisAlloc{ common.HexToAddress("0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7"): types.Account{ Balance: big.NewInt(1000000000000000000), // 1 ether Nonce: 0, Code: common.FromHex("0xB0B0FACE"), }, }, } blockchain, _ = NewBlockChain(db, nil, gspec, nil, beacon.New(ethash.NewFaker()), vm.Config{}, nil) ) defer blockchain.Stop() for i, tt := range []struct { txs []*types.Transaction want string }{ { // ErrSenderNoEOA txs: []*types.Transaction{ mkDynamicTx(0, common.Address{}, params.TxGas-1000, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0)), }, want: "could not apply tx 0 [0x88626ac0d53cb65308f2416103c62bb1f18b805573d4f96a3640bbbfff13c14f]: sender not an eoa: address 0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7, codehash: 0x9280914443471259d4570a8661015ae4a5b80186dbc619658fb494bebc3da3d1", }, } { block := GenerateBadBlock(gspec.ToBlock(), beacon.New(ethash.NewFaker()), tt.txs, gspec.Config, false) _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(types.Blocks{block}) if err == nil { t.Fatal("block imported without errors") } if have, want := err.Error(), tt.want; have != want { t.Errorf("test %d:\nhave \"%v\"\nwant \"%v\"\n", i, have, want) } } } } // GenerateBadBlock constructs a "block" which contains the transactions. The transactions are not expected to be // valid, and no proper post-state can be made. But from the perspective of the blockchain, the block is sufficiently // valid to be considered for import: // - valid pow (fake), ancestry, difficulty, gaslimit etc func GenerateBadBlock(parent *types.Block, engine consensus.Engine, txs types.Transactions, config *params.ChainConfig, isPOW bool) *types.Block { difficulty := big.NewInt(0) if isPOW { fakeChainReader := newChainMaker(nil, config, engine) difficulty = engine.CalcDifficulty(fakeChainReader, parent.Time()+10, &types.Header{ Number: parent.Number(), Time: parent.Time(), Difficulty: parent.Difficulty(), UncleHash: parent.UncleHash(), }) } header := &types.Header{ ParentHash: parent.Hash(), Coinbase: parent.Coinbase(), Difficulty: difficulty, GasLimit: parent.GasLimit(), Number: new(big.Int).Add(parent.Number(), common.Big1), Time: parent.Time() + 10, UncleHash: types.EmptyUncleHash, } if config.IsLondon(header.Number) { header.BaseFee = eip1559.CalcBaseFee(config, parent.Header()) } if config.IsShanghai(header.Number, header.Time) { header.WithdrawalsHash = &types.EmptyWithdrawalsHash } var receipts []*types.Receipt // The post-state result doesn't need to be correct (this is a bad block), but we do need something there // Preferably something unique. So let's use a combo of blocknum + txhash hasher := sha3.NewLegacyKeccak256() hasher.Write(header.Number.Bytes()) var cumulativeGas uint64 var nBlobs int for _, tx := range txs { txh := tx.Hash() hasher.Write(txh[:]) receipt := types.NewReceipt(nil, false, cumulativeGas+tx.Gas()) receipt.TxHash = tx.Hash() receipt.GasUsed = tx.Gas() receipts = append(receipts, receipt) cumulativeGas += tx.Gas() nBlobs += len(tx.BlobHashes()) } header.Root = common.BytesToHash(hasher.Sum(nil)) if config.IsCancun(header.Number, header.Time) { var pExcess, pUsed = uint64(0), uint64(0) if parent.ExcessBlobGas() != nil { pExcess = *parent.ExcessBlobGas() pUsed = *parent.BlobGasUsed() } excess := eip4844.CalcExcessBlobGas(pExcess, pUsed) used := uint64(nBlobs * params.BlobTxBlobGasPerBlob) header.ExcessBlobGas = &excess header.BlobGasUsed = &used beaconRoot := common.HexToHash("0xbeac00") header.ParentBeaconRoot = &beaconRoot } // Assemble and return the final block for sealing body := &types.Body{Transactions: txs} if config.IsShanghai(header.Number, header.Time) { body.Withdrawals = []*types.Withdrawal{} } return types.NewBlock(header, body, receipts, trie.NewStackTrie(nil)) } var ( code = common.FromHex(`6060604052600a8060106000396000f360606040526008565b00`) intrinsicContractCreationGas, _ = IntrinsicGas(code, nil, true, true, true, true) // A contract creation that calls EXTCODECOPY in the constructor. Used to ensure that the witness // will not contain that copied data. // Source: https://gist.github.com/gballet/a23db1e1cb4ed105616b5920feb75985 codeWithExtCodeCopy = common.FromHex(`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`) intrinsicCodeWithExtCodeCopyGas, _ = IntrinsicGas(codeWithExtCodeCopy, nil, true, true, true, true) ) func TestProcessVerkle(t *testing.T) { var ( config = ¶ms.ChainConfig{ ChainID: big.NewInt(1), HomesteadBlock: big.NewInt(0), EIP150Block: big.NewInt(0), EIP155Block: big.NewInt(0), EIP158Block: big.NewInt(0), ByzantiumBlock: big.NewInt(0), ConstantinopleBlock: big.NewInt(0), PetersburgBlock: big.NewInt(0), IstanbulBlock: big.NewInt(0), MuirGlacierBlock: big.NewInt(0), BerlinBlock: big.NewInt(0), LondonBlock: big.NewInt(0), Ethash: new(params.EthashConfig), ShanghaiTime: u64(0), VerkleTime: u64(0), TerminalTotalDifficulty: common.Big0, } signer = types.LatestSigner(config) testKey, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291") bcdb = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase() // Database for the blockchain coinbase = common.HexToAddress("0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7") gspec = &Genesis{ Config: config, Alloc: GenesisAlloc{ coinbase: GenesisAccount{ Balance: big.NewInt(1000000000000000000), // 1 ether Nonce: 0, }, }, } ) // Verkle trees use the snapshot, which must be enabled before the // data is saved into the tree+database. // genesis := gspec.MustCommit(bcdb, triedb) cacheConfig := DefaultCacheConfigWithScheme("path") cacheConfig.SnapshotLimit = 0 blockchain, _ := NewBlockChain(bcdb, cacheConfig, gspec, nil, beacon.New(ethash.NewFaker()), vm.Config{}, nil) defer blockchain.Stop() txCost1 := params.TxGas txCost2 := params.TxGas contractCreationCost := intrinsicContractCreationGas + params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + params.WitnessBranchReadCost + params.WitnessBranchWriteCost + /* creation */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* creation with value */ 739 /* execution costs */ codeWithExtCodeCopyGas := intrinsicCodeWithExtCodeCopyGas + params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + params.WitnessBranchReadCost + params.WitnessBranchWriteCost + /* creation (tx) */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + params.WitnessBranchReadCost + params.WitnessBranchWriteCost + /* creation (CREATE at pc=0x20) */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* write code hash */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #0 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #1 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #2 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #3 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #4 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #5 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + /* SLOAD in constructor */ params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* SSTORE in constructor */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + params.WitnessBranchReadCost + params.WitnessBranchWriteCost + /* creation (CREATE at PC=0x121) */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* write code hash */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #0 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #1 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #2 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #3 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #4 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* code chunk #5 */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + /* SLOAD in constructor */ params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* SSTORE in constructor */ params.WitnessChunkReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + /* write code hash for tx creation */ 15*(params.WitnessChunkReadCost+params.WitnessChunkWriteCost) + /* code chunks #0..#14 */ 4844 /* execution costs */ blockGasUsagesExpected := []uint64{ txCost1*2 + txCost2, txCost1*2 + txCost2 + contractCreationCost + codeWithExtCodeCopyGas, } _, chain, _, proofs, statediffs := GenerateVerkleChainWithGenesis(gspec, beacon.New(ethash.NewFaker()), 2, func(i int, gen *BlockGen) { gen.SetPoS() // TODO need to check that the tx cost provided is the exact amount used (no remaining left-over) tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(uint64(i)*3, common.Address{byte(i), 2, 3}, big.NewInt(999), txCost1, big.NewInt(875000000), nil), signer, testKey) gen.AddTx(tx) tx, _ = types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(uint64(i)*3+1, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(999), txCost1, big.NewInt(875000000), nil), signer, testKey) gen.AddTx(tx) tx, _ = types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(uint64(i)*3+2, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), txCost2, big.NewInt(875000000), nil), signer, testKey) gen.AddTx(tx) // Add two contract creations in block #2 if i == 1 { tx, _ = types.SignTx(types.NewContractCreation(6, big.NewInt(16), 3000000, big.NewInt(875000000), code), signer, testKey) gen.AddTx(tx) tx, _ = types.SignTx(types.NewContractCreation(7, big.NewInt(0), 3000000, big.NewInt(875000000), codeWithExtCodeCopy), signer, testKey) gen.AddTx(tx) } }) // Check proof for both blocks err := verkle.Verify(proofs[0], gspec.ToBlock().Root().Bytes(), chain[0].Root().Bytes(), statediffs[0]) if err != nil { t.Fatal(err) } err = verkle.Verify(proofs[1], chain[0].Root().Bytes(), chain[1].Root().Bytes(), statediffs[1]) if err != nil { t.Fatal(err) } t.Log("verified verkle proof, inserting blocks into the chain") endnum, err := blockchain.InsertChain(chain) if err != nil { t.Fatalf("block %d imported with error: %v", endnum, err) } for i := 0; i < 2; i++ { b := blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(i) + 1) if b == nil { t.Fatalf("expected block %d to be present in chain", i+1) } if b.Hash() != chain[i].Hash() { t.Fatalf("block #%d not found at expected height", b.NumberU64()) } if b.GasUsed() != blockGasUsagesExpected[i] { t.Fatalf("expected block #%d txs to use %d, got %d\n", b.NumberU64(), blockGasUsagesExpected[i], b.GasUsed()) } } } func TestProcessParentBlockHash(t *testing.T) { var ( chainConfig = params.MergedTestChainConfig hashA = common.Hash{0x01} hashB = common.Hash{0x02} header = &types.Header{ParentHash: hashA, Number: big.NewInt(2), Difficulty: big.NewInt(0)} parent = &types.Header{ParentHash: hashB, Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(0)} coinbase = common.Address{} ) test := func(statedb *state.StateDB) { statedb.SetNonce(params.HistoryStorageAddress, 1) statedb.SetCode(params.HistoryStorageAddress, params.HistoryStorageCode) statedb.IntermediateRoot(true) vmContext := NewEVMBlockContext(header, nil, &coinbase) evm := vm.NewEVM(vmContext, vm.TxContext{}, statedb, chainConfig, vm.Config{}) ProcessParentBlockHash(header.ParentHash, evm, statedb) vmContext = NewEVMBlockContext(parent, nil, &coinbase) evm = vm.NewEVM(vmContext, vm.TxContext{}, statedb, chainConfig, vm.Config{}) ProcessParentBlockHash(parent.ParentHash, evm, statedb) // make sure that the state is correct if have := getParentBlockHash(statedb, 1); have != hashA { t.Errorf("want parent hash %v, have %v", hashA, have) } if have := getParentBlockHash(statedb, 0); have != hashB { t.Errorf("want parent hash %v, have %v", hashB, have) } } t.Run("MPT", func(t *testing.T) { statedb, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting()) test(statedb) }) t.Run("Verkle", func(t *testing.T) { db := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase() cacheConfig := DefaultCacheConfigWithScheme(rawdb.PathScheme) cacheConfig.SnapshotLimit = 0 triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, cacheConfig.triedbConfig(true)) statedb, _ := state.New(types.EmptyVerkleHash, state.NewDatabase(triedb, nil)) test(statedb) }) } func getParentBlockHash(statedb *state.StateDB, number uint64) common.Hash { ringIndex := number % params.HistoryServeWindow var key common.Hash binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(key[24:], ringIndex) return statedb.GetState(params.HistoryStorageAddress, key) }