web3-proxy/web3_proxy/src/frontend/authorization.rs

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use super::errors::FrontendErrorResponse;
use crate::app::{UserKeyData, Web3ProxyApp};
use anyhow::Context;
use axum::headers::{Origin, Referer, UserAgent};
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use deferred_rate_limiter::DeferredRateLimitResult;
use entities::user_keys;
use ipnet::IpNet;
use sea_orm::{ColumnTrait, DatabaseConnection, EntityTrait, QueryFilter};
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use serde::Serialize;
use std::{net::IpAddr, sync::Arc};
use tokio::time::Instant;
use tracing::{error, trace};
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use uuid::Uuid;
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum RateLimitResult {
/// contains the IP of the anonymous user
AllowedIp(IpAddr),
/// contains the user_key_id of an authenticated user
AllowedUser(UserKeyData),
/// contains the IP and retry_at of the anonymous user
RateLimitedIp(IpAddr, Option<Instant>),
/// contains the user_key_id and retry_at of an authenticated user key
RateLimitedUser(UserKeyData, Option<Instant>),
/// This key is not in our database. Deny access!
UnknownKey,
}
#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
pub struct AuthorizedKey {
ip: IpAddr,
origin: Option<String>,
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user_key_id: u64,
// TODO: what else?
}
impl AuthorizedKey {
pub fn try_new(
ip: IpAddr,
origin: Option<Origin>,
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referer: Option<Referer>,
user_agent: Option<UserAgent>,
user_data: UserKeyData,
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) -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
// check ip
match &user_data.allowed_ips {
None => {}
Some(allowed_ips) => {
if !allowed_ips.iter().any(|x| x.contains(&ip)) {
return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("IP is not allowed!"));
}
}
}
// check origin
// TODO: do this with the Origin type instead of a String?
let origin = origin.map(|x| x.to_string());
match (&origin, &user_data.allowed_origins) {
(None, None) => {}
(Some(_), None) => {}
(None, Some(_)) => return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Origin required")),
(Some(origin), Some(allowed_origins)) => {
let origin = origin.to_string();
if !allowed_origins.contains(&origin) {
return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("IP is not allowed!"));
}
}
}
// check referer
match (referer, &user_data.allowed_referers) {
(None, None) => {}
(Some(_), None) => {}
(None, Some(_)) => return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Referer required")),
(Some(referer), Some(allowed_referers)) => {
if !allowed_referers.contains(&referer) {
return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Referer is not allowed!"));
}
}
}
// check user_agent
match (user_agent, &user_data.allowed_user_agents) {
(None, None) => {}
(Some(_), None) => {}
(None, Some(_)) => return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("User agent required")),
(Some(user_agent), Some(allowed_user_agents)) => {
if !allowed_user_agents.contains(&user_agent) {
return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("User agent is not allowed!"));
}
}
}
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Ok(Self {
ip,
origin,
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user_key_id: user_data.user_key_id,
})
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
pub enum AuthorizedRequest {
/// Request from the app itself
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Internal(#[serde(skip)] Option<DatabaseConnection>),
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/// Request from an anonymous IP address
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Ip(#[serde(skip)] Option<DatabaseConnection>, IpAddr),
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/// Request from an authenticated and authorized user
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User(#[serde(skip)] Option<DatabaseConnection>, AuthorizedKey),
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}
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impl AuthorizedRequest {
pub fn db_conn(&self) -> Option<&DatabaseConnection> {
match self {
Self::Internal(x) => x.as_ref(),
Self::Ip(x, _) => x.as_ref(),
Self::User(x, _) => x.as_ref(),
}
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}
}
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pub async fn ip_is_authorized(
app: &Web3ProxyApp,
ip: IpAddr,
) -> Result<AuthorizedRequest, FrontendErrorResponse> {
// TODO: i think we could write an `impl From` for this
let ip = match app.rate_limit_by_ip(ip).await? {
RateLimitResult::AllowedIp(x) => x,
RateLimitResult::RateLimitedIp(x, retry_at) => {
return Err(FrontendErrorResponse::RateLimitedIp(x, retry_at));
}
// TODO: don't panic. give the user an error
x => unimplemented!("rate_limit_by_ip shouldn't ever see these: {:?}", x),
};
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let db = app.db_conn.clone();
Ok(AuthorizedRequest::Ip(db, ip))
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}
pub async fn key_is_authorized(
app: &Web3ProxyApp,
user_key: Uuid,
ip: IpAddr,
origin: Option<Origin>,
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referer: Option<Referer>,
user_agent: Option<UserAgent>,
) -> Result<AuthorizedRequest, FrontendErrorResponse> {
// check the rate limits. error if over the limit
let user_data = match app.rate_limit_by_key(user_key).await? {
RateLimitResult::AllowedUser(x) => x,
RateLimitResult::RateLimitedUser(x, retry_at) => {
return Err(FrontendErrorResponse::RateLimitedUser(x, retry_at));
}
RateLimitResult::UnknownKey => return Err(FrontendErrorResponse::UnknownKey),
// TODO: don't panic. give the user an error
x => unimplemented!("rate_limit_by_key shouldn't ever see these: {:?}", x),
};
let authorized_user = AuthorizedKey::try_new(ip, origin, referer, user_agent, user_data)?;
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let db = app.db_conn.clone();
Ok(AuthorizedRequest::User(db, authorized_user))
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}
impl Web3ProxyApp {
pub async fn rate_limit_by_ip(&self, ip: IpAddr) -> anyhow::Result<RateLimitResult> {
// TODO: dry this up with rate_limit_by_key
// TODO: have a local cache because if we hit redis too hard we get errors
// TODO: query redis in the background so that users don't have to wait on this network request
if let Some(rate_limiter) = &self.frontend_ip_rate_limiter {
match rate_limiter.throttle(ip, None, 1).await {
Ok(DeferredRateLimitResult::Allowed) => Ok(RateLimitResult::AllowedIp(ip)),
Ok(DeferredRateLimitResult::RetryAt(retry_at)) => {
// TODO: set headers so they know when they can retry
// TODO: debug or trace?
// this is too verbose, but a stat might be good
trace!(?ip, "rate limit exceeded until {:?}", retry_at);
Ok(RateLimitResult::RateLimitedIp(ip, Some(retry_at)))
}
Ok(DeferredRateLimitResult::RetryNever) => {
// TODO: i don't think we'll get here. maybe if we ban an IP forever? seems unlikely
trace!(?ip, "rate limit is 0");
Ok(RateLimitResult::RateLimitedIp(ip, None))
}
Err(err) => {
// internal error, not rate limit being hit
// TODO: i really want axum to do this for us in a single place.
error!(?err, "rate limiter is unhappy. allowing ip");
Ok(RateLimitResult::AllowedIp(ip))
}
}
} else {
// TODO: if no redis, rate limit with a local cache? "warn!" probably isn't right
todo!("no rate limiter");
}
}
// check the local cache for user data, or query the database
pub(crate) async fn user_data(&self, user_key: Uuid) -> anyhow::Result<UserKeyData> {
let user_data: Result<_, Arc<anyhow::Error>> = self
.user_cache
.try_get_with(user_key, async move {
trace!(?user_key, "user_cache miss");
let db = self.db_conn.as_ref().context("no database")?;
// TODO: join the user table to this to return the User? we don't always need it
match user_keys::Entity::find()
.filter(user_keys::Column::ApiKey.eq(user_key))
.filter(user_keys::Column::Active.eq(true))
.one(db)
.await?
{
Some(user_key_model) => {
let allowed_ips: Option<Vec<IpNet>> =
user_key_model.allowed_ips.map(|allowed_ips| {
serde_json::from_str::<Vec<String>>(&allowed_ips)
.expect("allowed_ips should always parse")
.into_iter()
// TODO: try_for_each
.map(|x| {
x.parse::<IpNet>().expect("ip address should always parse")
})
.collect()
});
// TODO: should this be an Option<Vec<Origin>>?
let allowed_origins =
user_key_model.allowed_origins.map(|allowed_origins| {
serde_json::from_str::<Vec<String>>(&allowed_origins)
.expect("allowed_origins should always parse")
});
let allowed_referers =
user_key_model.allowed_referers.map(|allowed_referers| {
serde_json::from_str::<Vec<String>>(&allowed_referers)
.expect("allowed_referers should always parse")
.into_iter()
// TODO: try_for_each
.map(|x| {
x.parse::<Referer>().expect("referer should always parse")
})
.collect()
});
let allowed_user_agents =
user_key_model
.allowed_user_agents
.map(|allowed_user_agents| {
serde_json::from_str::<Vec<String>>(&allowed_user_agents)
.expect("allowed_user_agents should always parse")
.into_iter()
// TODO: try_for_each
.map(|x| {
x.parse::<UserAgent>()
.expect("user agent should always parse")
})
.collect()
});
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Ok(UserKeyData {
user_key_id: user_key_model.id,
user_max_requests_per_period: user_key_model.requests_per_minute,
allowed_ips,
allowed_origins,
allowed_referers,
allowed_user_agents,
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})
}
None => Ok(UserKeyData {
user_key_id: 0,
user_max_requests_per_period: Some(0),
allowed_ips: None,
allowed_origins: None,
allowed_referers: None,
allowed_user_agents: None,
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}),
}
})
.await;
// TODO: i'm not actually sure about this expect
user_data.map_err(|err| Arc::try_unwrap(err).expect("this should be the only reference"))
}
pub async fn rate_limit_by_key(&self, user_key: Uuid) -> anyhow::Result<RateLimitResult> {
let user_data = self.user_data(user_key).await?;
if user_data.user_key_id == 0 {
return Ok(RateLimitResult::UnknownKey);
}
let user_max_requests_per_period = match user_data.user_max_requests_per_period {
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None => return Ok(RateLimitResult::AllowedUser(user_data)),
Some(x) => x,
};
// user key is valid. now check rate limits
if let Some(rate_limiter) = &self.frontend_key_rate_limiter {
match rate_limiter
.throttle(user_key, Some(user_max_requests_per_period), 1)
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.await
{
Ok(DeferredRateLimitResult::Allowed) => Ok(RateLimitResult::AllowedUser(user_data)),
Ok(DeferredRateLimitResult::RetryAt(retry_at)) => {
// TODO: set headers so they know when they can retry
// TODO: debug or trace?
// this is too verbose, but a stat might be good
// TODO: keys are secrets! use the id instead
trace!(?user_key, "rate limit exceeded until {:?}", retry_at);
Ok(RateLimitResult::RateLimitedUser(user_data, Some(retry_at)))
}
Ok(DeferredRateLimitResult::RetryNever) => {
// TODO: keys are secret. don't log them!
trace!(?user_key, "rate limit is 0");
Ok(RateLimitResult::RateLimitedUser(user_data, None))
}
Err(err) => {
// internal error, not rate limit being hit
// TODO: i really want axum to do this for us in a single place.
error!(?err, "rate limiter is unhappy. allowing ip");
Ok(RateLimitResult::AllowedUser(user_data))
}
}
} else {
// TODO: if no redis, rate limit with just a local cache?
// if we don't have redis, we probably don't have a db, so this probably will never happen
Err(anyhow::anyhow!("no redis. cannot rate limit"))
}
}
}